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习题练习：Physics Unit15: Laws of Thermodynamics
本习题练习试卷来源于51fly国际课程 (https://51fly.win)， 为试卷打印版，您也可以在网站平台(https://autodiscover.51fly.win/)直接 访问本试卷的在线电子版并查看正确答案与解析，搜藏保存任意题目到收藏集。 访问方法: 平台首页左上角"通过试卷号快速访问"输入试卷号 73，并点击直达试卷；或浏览器地址栏内直接输入本试卷链接 https://autodiscover.51fly.win/test73.html  教师使用本平台可以抽题组卷或一键复制他人试卷，布置为在线考试或在线作业，全自动判分成绩一键排序导出，省时省力。
 作者: physics    总分: 71分  得分: _____________

答题人: 游客未登录  开始时间: 22年08月15日 12:53  切换到: 整卷模式

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1#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The process shown on the T-V grazo ck6l3c h5t;0r)fki ph is an


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2#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isothermal process, there is n90a mfc nj l5r4n/:zxbo change in

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3#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law of t)) b :9ooxn vl7sqzu 3 )c*)jxvf5rsbahermodynamics, $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an isothermal process,

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4#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is expanded to twice its original voludtro+45p hig+ sy., thme with no change in its temperature. Ths.pdr h tiyg+t+ ,o54his process is

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5#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas is compressed isothermally from 5 z apk+/:31kjvljwv5qph:xn30 L to 20 L. During this process, 6.0 J of energy is expended by the external mechanism that compressed the gas. What is the change of internal enqhz ppv 3v+1:/jkl5 k:wnxja5ergy for this gas?

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6#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas is compressed to one-half its original volume during an isothermye.ha-/9sw zaj u:i y)al process. The fwua jae)zs/.hy: y 9-iinal pressure of the gas

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7#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas is expanded isothermally from 20 L to 30 L.3ws-u q,w 4z*-zj/ rvt s01cvwv -2de)xdgzca During this process, 6 J of energy is expended by the extq *-1-wx34dazwvrgt - s vu2dc,0cw)vsezz /j ernal mechanism that expanded the gas. Which of the following statements is correct?

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8#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is quickly compressed in an isolated enviro 0hnr+xous c v*/ jsjfjok4i:g 9v8*(xnment. During the event, the gas exchanged no heat ks0sc /vi u4*+(jjo9jn*:8xoxhfrg v with its surroundings. This process is

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9#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law of thermody*duh z fan.3w1namics, $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an adiabatic process,

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10#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A monatomic ideal gas is compressed to one-half its original volume during an aosm5v/n* o;jfdiabatic pf nms oj*;/ov5rocess. The final pressure of the gas

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11#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider two cylinders of gas identical in all respects excep u1(koeeldt8 zz4q-d: t that one contains dd1l4qeu o-: (zt8kze$O_2$ and the other $H_e$. Both hold the same volume of gas at STP and are closed by a movable piston at one end. Both gases are now compressed adiabatically to one-third their original volume. Which gas will show the greater temperature increase?

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12#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider two cylinders of gas identical i m1bf;4:r9t miko8r mrpf l1p8n all respects except that one containsm rmfl r t;fo88b1pp:k1rmi94 $O_2$ and the other $H_e$. Both hold the same volume of gas at STP and are closed by a movable piston at one end. Both gases are now compressed adiabatically to one-third their original volume. Which gas will show the greater pressure increase?

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13#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The process shown on the PV diagrar8du*jwee j njd9l-4: m is an


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14#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isobaric process, there is no change in1y-.tfzdpbxo) qh9 g:

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15#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law of thermodynamii5pnn2 j* .. 0pn3fidm6 dzcsdcs, $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an isobaric process,

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16#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is allowed to expand kz0ohk9x )w wo/w14qm 0rka (aat constant pressure as heat is added to it. This process is r a/(wo09 0hxw)wkqmaok kz14

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17#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Ten joules of heat energy are transferred to a sample of ideal gas at co(4rfj4*8vkz+ p ows;pwfb7kbuse7;xnstant pressure. As a resukwe( b7o44b p ;fssz+uvf ;x8 jkw*r7plt, the internal energy of the gas

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18#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The process shown on the1 fl, ak56zq(eust8 mc00tzbs PV diagram is


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19#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isochoric process, thf*gc./fj i 4sbere is no change in

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20#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law of thermodynzhw2t .8tov*7awk2uac)mwae4 wt +7namics, $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an isochoric process,

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21#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is confined to a rigid container that cannot expand as heat energw b4d 8fh0)zepy is added to it. Thisf) w4zedb 0hp8 process is

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22#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Ten joules of heat energy are transferred to a sample of ideiggq+e.tn8 )4 11vd:asqlo . cnhz1nkal gas at constant vo.141n gc q:agt 1e dnln) sizvho+kq8.lume. As a result, the internal energy of the gas

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23#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the first law of thermodynamixlh10*a7, ,eq nkbdo5r9xaoqcs.
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24#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Is it possible to transfer heat from a hot r(* x,/ stkqbfceservoir to a cold reservoir?

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25#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Is it possible to transfer heat from a colq5 s*wc*me::izhw3dd d reservoir to a hot reservoir?

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26#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the second law of thermodynamics according to.wum ,; ct6eez :gcch4 Clausius.
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27#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is taken through the cycle illustrated here.1r kl4y)fun70hg e;r j During one cycle, how much work is done by an engine operating onyljh70)uker ;1r4 ngf this cycle?


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28#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The efficiency of a heat engine is defined as th,t wv+aic5xcn9u 4 ta.e ratio of

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29#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If the theoretical efficiency of a Carnot engine ;a* wfmqu 2bq--j5sthnv (9opis to be 100%, the heat sink must besmn(-f5w*q -p9b2t vhq;au jo

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30#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A Carnot cycle consists i34wg44 r unpc0vr;6kfuol zz kx) h07of

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31#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
Give the Kelvin-Planck statement of th*y4ahea5s tr1e second law of thermodynamics.
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32#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The coefficient of performance (COPt 1.jochsl9k;) of a refrigerator is defined as the ratio of91. ktj;ls och

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33#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The coefficient of performance (COP) of a heat pump is def*na s/i, 3w:fvc3hp vqgd (hq9ined as the ratio of

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34#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When water freezes, the e6p 35obgcf -:2r.spj a eku:qintropy of the water

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35#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  According to the second law of thermowue,m (t+pfq- l u5ufpik/0 6kdynamics, for any process that may occur within an isolated system, which ok ew p0fulp ik mt-u+(5,/qu6fne of the choices applies?

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36#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
Give a general statement of the secondz99e .xfu3p bnv h1q(g law of thermodynamics.
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37#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The second law of therkb vl-f ;lg;6grc-sfm l7ma- *modynamics leads us to conclude that

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38#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During an isothermal process, 5.0 J of heccp;pxz b rns+np a,)/.gf7y6at is removed from an ideal gas. What is the change in intezccr,y b;ng6f)p 7.asp+ nx/prnal energy?

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39#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During an isothermal procd4o jso(z 3xe3ess, 5.0 J of heat is removed from an ideal gas. What is the work done in the pro3(zds 3o oxe4jcess?

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40#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The work done on an ideal wge+o( dmwc sf-;989akvk0uigas system in an isothermal process is -400 J. What is the change in internc+k iu-9kv9mg s0o fa;(dw ew8al energy?

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41#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  200 J of work is done in compressing a gas adiabatically. What cd;:pflcl-8dw/so+p/(e v ho is the change in intocl/d+-pf8l(/woeh:vs;pcd ernal energy of the gas?

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42#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas undergoes an adiabatic process while doing 25 J of work. Wedoxpq o)bv02. dpyx5o (b 0rp4d8l2ohat is thexbbp)o8xodo00qd pd2 5y ov (4erlp.2 change in internal energy?

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43#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isochoric process, the internal energy of a systemr/r7gofy:7t4 ayr5c. 0offal decreases by 50 J. Wha/ay r f7ocrrof.0 4l:ag 5fty7t is the work done?

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44#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isochoric process, thk we2)hyat25 ee internal energy of a system decreases by 50 J. What is the heat exchang5hey w2 2)tkeae?

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45#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A certain amount of a z yu1(2/q/wsahf ,zeg monatomic gas is maintained at constant volume as it is cooled by 50 K. This feat is accomplished byguysf e / qwz1h/(,za2 removing 400 J of energy from the gas. How much work is done by the gas?

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46#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A monatomic gas is cooled by 50 K a+nx9toat +d9,sfjm) xi7 isjt1 ni*2xt constant volume when 831 J of energy is remove 9xti2ndxsjt ,o+ )xf9m+1 iaitjn7*s d from it. How many moles of gas are in the sample?

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47#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A system consists of oh1c la5gx9)b 3.0 kg of water at $80 ^{\circ}C$. 30 J of work is done on the system by stirring with a paddle wheel, while 66 J of heat is removed. What is the change in internal energy of the system?

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48#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine receives 7000 J of heat and loses 3000 J iv96lxtxsjg 9 3+rrm+q2wxt1in each cycle. What is the e+96wj3 1q ritrgtx+9v2xs xlmfficiency?

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49#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine has an efficiency of 35.0% and receives 150 J of heat per cyclemiubs1f3i o; fojp j+m a3.m*9y c ouk*g5-or6. How much work da gc.ooyufp3muj6+oimo- kimr5;b s**31 f j9oes it perform in each cycle?

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50#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine has an efficiency of 35.0% and receives 1q3,v y-uin8nl+ vqn--u yi h)o50 J of heat per cycle. ) u qv8oii-nluhyn qn+v3y, --How much heat does it exhaust in each cycle?

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51#
 
  303

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52#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine absorbs 64 kcal of heat ej+ vdzj;k7q x8ach cycle and exhausts 42 kcal. Calculate the efficiency of each cycle.d jj8 kvxq;7z+

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53#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine absorbs 64 kcal of heat each cycle and exhausts 42 kcal.l n yd4.q/pml9 Calculate the work done each cycle pm9 dq/.l4lyn.

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54#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of the most efficient engines built so far has the following charactery*w )wdcjxc*7wtj444 uh(f xaistics: combustion chamber temperaywd7j44f*j4x w(wuctx c)ha *ture = $1900 ^{\circ}C$, exhaust temperature = $430 ^{\circ}C$, $7.0 \times 10^{9} \; cal$ of fuel produces $1.4 \times 10^{10} \; J$ of work in one hour. What is the actual efficiency of this engine?

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55#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of the most efficient ei:vrravd. yd0)4pd4ft1xx n2ngines built so far has the following characteristics: combustion chx2dv4:t)a1yxn vdp.4ri rf 0 damber temperature = $1900 ^{\circ}C$, exhaust temperature = $430 ^{\circ}C$, $7.0 \times 10^{9} \; cal$ of fuel produces $1.4 \times 10^{10} \; J$ of work in one hour. What is the Carnot efficiency of this engine?

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56#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of the most efficient engines built so far has the follow g4+ky:t .h0mtudeeztn83bsu1ci/ 1 b7esb 3hing characteristics: combustion chamber tempera7tt.syd i c3g8 be/t:u0n11shhe um + bkzbe43ture = $1900 ^{\circ}C$, exhaust temperature = $430 ^{\circ}C$, $7.0 \times 10^{9} \; cal$ of fuel produces $1.4 \times 10^{10} \; J$ of work in one hour. What is the power output, in hp, of this engine?

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57#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A coal-fired plant generates 600 MW of electric a+62,;so 2intqgqqr fo 1fcp 74i9eog power. The plant uses $4.8 \times 10^{6} \; kg$ of coal each day. The heat of combustion of coal is $3.3 \times 10^7 \; J/kg$. The steam that drives the turbines is at a temperature of $300 ^{\circ}C$, and the exhaust water is at $37 ^{\circ}C$. What is the overall efficiency of the plant for generating electric power?

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58#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A coal-fired plant generates 600 MW of electric powekw; x-26ldrr sr. The plant uses $4.8 \times 10^{6} \; kg$ of coal each day. The heat of combustion of coal is $3.3 \times 10^7 \; J/kg$. The steam that drives the turbines is at a temperature of $300 ^{\circ}C$, and the exhaust water is at $37 ^{\circ}C$. What is the Carnot efficiency?

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59#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A coal-fired plant generates 600 MW of electric poweaa b(bv/(dt-v r. The plant uses $4.8 \times 10^{6} \; kg$ of coal each day. The heat of combustion of coal is $3.3 \times 10^7 \; J/kg$. The steam that drives the turbines is at a temperature of $300 ^{\circ}C$, and the exhaust water is at $37 ^{\circ}C$. How much thermal energy is exhausted each day?

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60#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the Carnot e i)6c l*na7z1jz0 wrt5ou9 geafficiency of an engine which operates between $450 ^{\circ}K$ and $310 ^{\circ}K$?

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61#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the maximum theoretical efficiency possible for an engine operating bet 7uv :vwn 1rsqa(fjs .;8,rxsbween .(b n,a ruxsq 1s;7fjv:8swvr $100 ^{\circ}C$ and $400 ^{\circ}C$?

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62#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The efficiency of a Carnot engine is 35.0%. Wh* gkbft/ 3g8*utfki4et eq1g+at is the temperature of the cold reservoir if the temperature of the hogegt u843qbtk**tig/ f+fk1et reservoir is $500 ^{\circ}K$?

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63#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine operatig/dkm5x5/0 iqq8 cuvra 5 nx6png between $40 ^{\circ}C$ and $380 ^{\circ}C$ has an efficiency 60% of that of a Carnot engine operating between the same temperatures. If the engine absorbs heat at a rate of 60 kW, at what rate does it exhaust heat?

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64#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A refrigerator removes heat from the freezing compe3 bmk0 8fmir+artment at the rate of 20 kJ and ejects 24 kJ into a0+bmfrm3 ek 8i room per cycle. How much work is required in each cycle?

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65#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A refrigerator removes heat from the freezing compartment at the rate of 20 kJ x/wa)q a(8f6jjdc wu6and ejed w/q w6ujfa6acjx8)(cts 24 kJ into a room per cycle. What is the coefficient of performance?

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66#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During each cycle of operation, a refrigerator absorbs 230.gkf45n) ldkw0kff6 p J of heat from the freezer and expels 356 J of heat to the room. How much work input is required in k fgw4.ffk 6dn)05klpeach cycle?

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67#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the change in entropy when 50 g of ice in 0e /i*snb5w;fp-flmelt at $0 ^{\circ}C$?

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68#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When 0.50 kg of ice freezes, theor:1us(f ix+( g;c lskcax x qtk84,,y change in entropy is

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69#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  1.0 kg of steam at $100 ^{\circ}C$ condenses to water at $100 ^{\circ}C$. What is the change in entropy in the process?

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70#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A container of ideal gas at STP undergoemjf j(muq0//e2g o88t1 d nvmgs an isothermal expansion and its entropy changes0m(tevju/ f/2 18nm jdogmqg8 by
3.7 J/e K. How much work does it do?

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71#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A piece of metal at iymce::l o57 g oqa wajzs.,7+$80 ^{\circ}C$ is placed in 1.2 L of water at $72 ^{\circ}C$. The system is thermally isolated and reaches a final temperature of $75 ^{\circ}C$. Estimate the approximate change in entropy for this process.

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