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习题练习:Physics Unit26: Special Theory of Relativity

 作者: physics   总分: 61分  得分: _____________

答题人: 游客未登录  开始时间: 23年05月01日 10:24  切换到: 整卷模式

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1#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You are riding in a spaces utc 5zps+b9s(l)/s7/gxsoc mhip that has no windows, radios, or other means for you to observe or measure what is outside. You wish to determine if the ship is stopped or moving at constant vel(cs7u)x5c/boz+t smg/pls s 9ocity. What should you do?

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2#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The Michelson-Morley experiment was designed t)e2po * )iml9ywnefzo2r2p 1ao measure

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3#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Michelson and Morley concluded d- nl 8fklfwg0v 354mcfrom the results of their experiment that

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4#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You can build an interferometer yourself if you use the following componmjoz//a2rh m vf.s)h5,f5vs s ents:

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5#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the relativity pre stn3xqb32( rinciple.
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6#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the three unprovable assumptions of Galilean-Newtonian relativity n5on8j2ag*v pttz :aau3q 7+m.
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7#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The theory of special relativityl07 .abq4m axo

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8#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of Einstein's postulates in formulating the special theory of relativity m wlk/wf7b5t7(-hbjd5 ikbi6 u i(*x lwas that the laws of physics are the same inuh 7 7bli5wtx/jkbd(lf *k-bm( 5w6i i reference frames that

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9#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the first postulate of special relativi*4h2 nb nkhzsl3j(o s3ksujiv 3r4,8lty.
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10#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the second postulate4zv1vqt )0j; pctb 0*osr grz9 of special relativity.
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11#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If you were to measu +x ohks52) ,wcf69seaw u:dfgre your pulse rate while in a spaceship moving away from the Sun at a speed close to the speed of light, you 29k h6 )wgeoxwsufd,c+sf 5a :would find that it was

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12#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Relative to a stationary observer, a k1ejz )4,5 k aanvhlj1moving clock

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13#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The gamma factor is defined as plf;qe.1gb4ijdrqvi3p i9 3; $\gamma = 1 / \sqrt{1- (v/c)^2}$, therefore gamma ($\gamma$)

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14#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Suppose one twin takes a ride in a space ship traveling ajpmv4wgbyq o5 :7,x m4t a very high speed to a distant star and back again, while the other twin remains on Earth. The twin that remained on Earth p bp,g m4y 5vj:qx4mo7wredicts that the astronaut twin is

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15#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Relative to a stationary qt 0n74(jqlruuy(p8xmk b0 ;9mo -rilobserver, a moving object

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16#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An object moves in a direction parallel to its length with a jv0pajqvqzztyuym bnb+t:;8 0:zmqv2 +/;e. velocity that approaches thet2vj;zzzetnj;.:bmy/um+ypq a+bq8 : q vv0 0 velocity of light. The width of this object, as measured by a stationary observer,

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17#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An object moves in a direction parallel to its lenxz07 nawfs;nc q1j(f+ gth with a velocity that approaches the velocity of light. The length of this object, as measured by a stationary obx af zjn(f71q0+s ;ncwserver,

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18#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the speed of a particle approaches the speed of light, the m /7w kmic x47)gmewa/hr(dpy/ass of the particlymiwc xp / er /7/aw()hkm7gd4e

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19#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the speed of a particle approa zpant :4)pii(8 pahg7ic 1h(lches the speed of light, the momentum of the particlt(n cp ip1:84()p7 hlagiiah ze

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20#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spear is thrown by you at a very high speed. As it passe /zrlwhabe1iale,rir/i: m36 ajm87. s, you measure its length at one-half its normal length. From this measurement, you i/mr1ilz6b3r l:ae r7aejh. ma/8, wi conclude that the moving spear's mass must be

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21#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What happens to the kinetic energy of a speedy proton when its relativistic masin4,+ 1 .hwsvm wjarh)s doubles?m 1 hi4+awv.n)swr j,h

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22#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What happens to the totrnq1-fe x0sj8al relativistic energy of a speedy proton when its relativi8fsrx-0n 1qej stic mass doubles?

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23#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider a particle o k g8jfdo/p,(uf mass $m$ and rest mass $m_0$. Which of the following is the correct expression for the kinetic energy of such a particle?

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24#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider two spaceships, each traveling at 0.50c in a straigh+2rmp kkzoi3 4t line. Ship A is moving directly away from the Sun and ship B is approaching the Sun. The science officers on each ship measure the velocity of light coming froz3 pmik+ 4r2kom the Sun. What do they measure for this velocity?

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25#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Which of the following 0lhr3exkq, u bb)* 0hhlcvk+) depends on the observer's frame of reference?

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26#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  As the velocity of your space0(q 6 i9 6vw+su 8giwq)l)ha ucocirq6ship increases, you would observe

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27#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still water. uk kha8 eo8,2w With what speed, relative to the shore, does it move in a river ,8k2uaw okhe8that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading upstream?

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28#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in still water. With what speed, relative to the shor-.iv,nsy- c qxe, does it move in a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading downstream?sq .nvx,-i- yc

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29#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A boat can travel 4.0 m/s in stizz1f y:p58gsvik gyq/ r0, 5fvll water. With what speed, relative to the shore, does it mo5 g:qi /frzvv0yk 1zsf8 p5y,gve in a river that is flowing at 1.0 m/s if the boat is heading straight across the river?

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30#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How fast should a moving clock travel ifhy:s+e qal:ati 5 u4l4 it is to be observed by a stationary observer as running at one-half its normal rate?4yeta+ l: qahil:45su

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31#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship takes a nonstop journey to a planet and returns in 10 hours asfyx, p v2h x.w8wre5h1fz *n0ccording to a clock on the spaceship. If the speed of the spaceship is 0.80c, how2vz*nx5pfhw x0rsf18h e. ,yw much time has elapsed on the Earth?

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32#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A set of twins, Andrea and Courtney, are initially 10 years old. While Courtr:vyzkw yup*) r)nl4 ;ney remains on Earth, Andrea rides on a space ship which travels away from Earth at ) ;*kvrwrz)y p4:nuyla speed of 0.6c for five years (as measured by Courtney), then turns around and comes back at 0.6c. When Andrea returns, Courtney is 20 years old. How old is Andrea upon her return?

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33#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One 20-year-old twin brother takes a space tr3sz7 2l go.7l-n(+uflxupi s jip with a speed of 0.80c for 30 years according to a clock on the spaceship. Upon returniniof -nzl2l7 +7s puxgjl(3s u.g to the Earth, what is his own age and the age of the Earth-based twin brother?

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34#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A meter stick is moving toward you with a spxdzg*/sbwa-t 8 tb: bpl+mx yb t/32(yeed of 0.80c. What is its length?

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35#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How fast would a rocket ship have to move to contract to half ojhqasfkj)u s0u-9*w.f its proper length (as observedkh) 0ufsqa.uj w-9*sj by a stationary object)?

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36#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The length of a spaceship is 10 m when it is at rest. If the spaces4wk2t2:m dfr4t fck6 yhip travels by you with a speed of 0.70cf 26:mk4f 2c dy4trkwt, what length does it appear to you?

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37#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar system is Alpha Centauri, which is qt dp,h;0 c yekgy zmgi1/a(+q)t9 ob2 *ookx84.30 light years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. What distance does thehg z0y1o2ki;goot m(q8ap +t * byc)q,x/9kd e space ship travel according to a passenger on the ship?

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38#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar system is Alpha Centauri, which is 4.30 ;d)8gxoccw hk,kpp2 +light years away. A spaceship with a cons8o;gcdwkp, kc) hx+ p2tant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. How much time would elapse on a clock on board the spaceship?

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39#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The closest star to our solar system is Alpha Cenqpnd)coohop,m 7 1-o( tauri, which is 4.30 light years away. A spaceship with a constant speed of 0.800c relative to the Earth travels toward the star. How much timeopmoo(1pq) n , h-odc7 would elapse on a clock on the Earth?

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40#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An electron is traveling at 0g7 8nw rv k39+czma o,kkcrn,9.85c. What is its mass? (The rest mass is $9.11 \times 10^{-31} \; kg$.)

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41#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the speed of wz cw0-f73 vmez84rzwgj o/4m a proton if its mass is twice its rest mass?

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42#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If the velocity of your space;9w pw-nn uh2oship goes from 0.3 c to 0.6 c, then your mass will incrwu-9;hn2w n poease by

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43#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the momentum in ,ptgb y 35ccne;3,f6 l;(b a bi.ipmfd$kg \cdot m/s$ of a proton when it is moving with a speed of 0.60c?

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44#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During a reaction, ane3p( fd4pjx ;w hzbv66 element loses $4.8 \times 10^{-28} \; kg$ of mass. How much energy (in Joules) is released?

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45#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During a reaction, $1.7 \times 10^{-4} \; J$ of energy is released. What change of mass would cause this?

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46#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How much energy would be released if 2.0 kg of material was buk.zy(vhd sji lbe;cl ()6la 5*m,5nlost during a reaction?lh v 5b)y *5ascedm( k .nb6,zli(;jlu

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47#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The amount of energy equivalent to two kilo4kq1n,s p44pzms sg:i2od ,pmgram of mass at rest is

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48#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The atomic bomb that was dropped on Nagasa( *h iirk8il5ski in 1945 killed 140,000 people, helping to end World War II on the next day. It releaski *8r5shi i(led energy equivalent to that of 20,000 tons of TNT explosive. How much mass was converted to energy when this took place? (1000 tons of TNT = $4.3 \times 10^{12} \; J$) Incidentally, modern H-bombs have energy yields 1000 times as much!

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49#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The kinetic energy of a proz8cbrus8 3,m xvr; f.dbwk; /eton is 80% of its total energy. What is the speed of the prot; r ;w ,sz3xkc8b.u/dvfbm8reon?

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50#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The kinetic energy of a proton is 80% of its total energy. What is l id62 t9.;z1 flrqgaythe momentum i 1rq iy ;t.dzl2al6g9fn $kg \cdot m/s$ of the proton?

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51#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What energy is released (in MeV) during a rer fz sk7s)-wiuah i0 hud1/6g/action in which $1.67 \times 10^{-25} \; kg$ of material is converted to energy?

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52#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How much mass is lost during a reaction in w:ptutcs7e z88 hich $1.7 \times 10^{8} \; MeV$ of energy is released?

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53#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the total energy of a(j:i+ir b)z9t xm ljxvk/a gu5 zh,+i/n electron moving with a speed of 0.95c?

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54#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  How many joules of energy are required to accelerate one kiloght,qrw*d3,tnd j g1f(ram of mass from rest to a *r d,g1dtqfjn h(t3,w velocity of 0.866 c?

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55#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In a nuclear plant, +7 2c5ahgn9wraj-hr b $1017 J$ of energy is available from mass conversion. How much mass was lost?

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56#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An electron is acceleratef-8 mt/-f kqktd through 100 kV. By what factor has its mass increased with respec8qkk-/f f t-mtt to its rest mass?

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57#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  You are in a rocket traveling away from the Sun at 0.awm-*u k-xdu.eo8zi b s+ 5o:i95c. You measure the speed of light from the Suo s dawe-.-m5*:ix bo z8uki+un to be

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58#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Two spaceships are traveling through space at 0.60 c relative * xsvpi 1g7 hzp196hq n byuckh4no;h.9wg64uto the Earth. If the ships are headed directly toward each other, what is their ap7o9ihn6*uw9pv yhz xbp1n. 1u6 hg;4c q4h skgproach velocity, as measured by a person on either craft?

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59#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A fast spaceship is traveliu ymo bic+d j)hfl;ha(6)5h ;wng with a speed of 0.80c. How fast would light travel from the headlights whi bly6oh(; ca))j5fmud;+h of the ship relative to a stationary observer?

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60#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship moves away npmi-k rc rs7545u9xsfrom the Earth with a speed of 0.80c. The spaceship then fires a missile with a speed of 0.50c re4u 7-kxni59sr mpsrc5 lative to the spaceship. What is the velocity of the missile measured by observers on the Earth if the missile is fired away from the Earth?

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61#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A spaceship moves away from the Earth with a speed of 0.80c. s,vuja:j,lo+ns2 iqm9wid2( The spaceship then fires a missile with a speed of 0.50c relative to the spaceshi amon isd2 :l9jsw(+i2u,vq j,p. What is the velocity of the missile measured by observers on the Earth if the missile is fired toward the Earth?

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总分:61分 及格:36.6分 时间:不限时
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