Physics Unit31: Nuclear Energy and Radiation - 51fly国际课程 (51fly.win)

?作业考试练习?国际高中通用物理?Physics Unit31: Nuclear Energy and Radiation

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习题练习：Physics Unit31: Nuclear Energy and Radiation

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作者: physics 总分: 38分得分: _____________

答题人: 游客未登录开始时间: 23年05月02日 09:09 切换到: 整卷模式

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单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

When a target nucleus is bombarded by nv(e 3wk x,0ue:yf t hv0(6xrlan appropriate beam of particles, it is possible tx03 6w rhuvxl,((v0k:fy eetno produce

A. a less massive nucleus, but not a more massive one.

B. a more massive nucleus, but not a less massive one.

C. a nucleus with smaller atomic number, but not one with a greater atomic number.

D. a nucleus with greater atomic number, but not one with a smaller atomic number.

E. a nucleus with either greater or smaller atomic number.

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单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

The mass of a proton iskf,y902-u+ gmcnfcjk hl ej* )ox 68xp $1.6726 \times 10^{-27} \; kg$ and the mass of a neutron is $1.6749 \times 10^{-27} \; kg$. A proton captures a neutron forming a deuterium nucleus. One would expect the mass of this nucleus to be

A. equal to $(1.6726 + 1.6749) \times 10^{-27} \; kg$.

B. less than $(1.6726 + 1.6749) \times 10^{-27} \; kg$.

C. greater than $(1.6726 + 1.6749) \times 10^{-27} \; kg$.

D. any of these; it depends on the energy released during the capture.

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单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

In a nuclear reaction, what valuq y(p;u.; itdi+ lzi,oe is conserved in addition to electric charge, energy, and momel;( i dpo+yu.;q itz,intum?

A. atomic number

B. neutron number

C. nucleon number

D. none of the given answers

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单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

A proton strikes an oxygen-18 nucleus producing t8m5onn98 jw*bg9aen t;kho ) fluorine-18 and another particle. What other p bk988;* mt5ann w e9jgtonoh)article is produced by this nuclear reaction?

A. a neutron

B. an $\alpha$ particle

C. an $b-$ particle

D. an $b+$ particle

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单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

A nuclear reaction is said to be exothermic if the total kiba xwc5cyne) xl5bh5o8 x;sk5n2, 8janetic energy is

A. less after the reaction than before.

B. equal both before and after the reaction.

C. greater after the reaction than before.

D. zero after the reaction.

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单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

A nuclear reaction is said to be endothermic if tt2b:tz zj0a.,+sdgfy he total kinetic energy is

A. less after the reaction than before.

B. equal both before and after the reaction.

C. greater after the reaction than before.

D. zero after the reaction.

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单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

The process during which a heavy nucleus such as uranium spgznbys:,, fu 8z/ ly*plits into two intermediate-siz szply *8n/zf,g,u:ybed nuclei after being struck by a neutron is referred to as

A. nuclear fission.

B. nuclear fusion.

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单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

The process during which small nuclei combiy7z8kbcjl: beiim65q 8oh s() ne to form larger ones is referred to az8qe(:i ycb5hb7ml6kos 8 i j)s

A. nuclear fission.

B. nuclear fusion.

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单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

How does the total mass ous)s)s6 ;o fewf the products of a nuclear fission reaction compare to theue6w) s ;)ssfo mass of the original elements?

A. greater

B. less

C. the same

D. varies according to the reaction

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10#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

How does the mass of the products of a nuclear fusion reagawxf:mfhv3-t 6x*o0 qv85y .nkvmt 9 ction compare to the mass of the original elements 8gxf -.hvvqwf*9kn6mmty5ta0 : ov3 x?

A. greater

B. less

C. the same

D. varies according to the reaction

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11#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

When light elements suc3vt d gcitb, chl8ka7l6 c6qe2s8-7z gh as hydrogen undergo fusion,

A. there is a loss of mass.

B. there is an increase in mass.

C. there is no change in mass.

D. electric charge can be annihilated.

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12#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

The fuel for nuclear fwm a.gl0-3 skiission is

A. Hydrogen

B. Helium

C. Uranium

D. any radioactive material

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13#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

The fuel for nuclear fusion in ( l6no:ouw.b rthe center of the Sun is

A. Hydrogen

B. Helium

C. Uranium

D. any radioactive material

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14#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

The energy radiated by 9uh xjx11lvktt3 fhn6z3 w-c. a star, such as the Sun, results from

A. beta decay.

B. alpha decay.

C. fission reactions.

D. fusion reactions.

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15#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

What is the source of the energy the Sun raf o2dut,djkb(+,2usm (edgi: diates to us?

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16#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

What is the principle difference between a hydrogen bfkg 3g// .g yoeg:pbd3omb and a uranium bomb?

A. A uranium bomb is an atomic bomb, and a hydrogen bomb is a nuclear bomb.

B. A uranium bomb utilizes a fission reaction whereas a hydrogen bomb utilizes a fusion reaction.

C. Both work on the same principle, but the hydrogen bomb has a higher yield.

D. A hydrogen bomb converts mass into energy, whereas a uranium bomb does not.

E. One results in radioactive fallout, and the other does not.

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17#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

One sometimes hears ref6.a-jblf ;9xznc )xsy: 4iqjverence to a "20-kiloton" bomb. What does this mean?

A. It means 20,000 tons of nuclear explosive is used in the bomb.

B. It means that the number of "fissile" nuclei is equal to the number of trinitrotoluene molecules in 20,000 tons of TNT explosive.

C. It means that the total weight of the bomb (not just the uranium) is 20,000 tons.

D. It means that the energy released by the bomb is equal to the energy released when 20,000 tons of TNT is exploded.

E. This refers to the maximum pressure generated by the bomb when it explodes.

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18#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

What is the meaning of the term "critical massa wx.w;29p ss3ivu-md"?

A. This refers to the mass of the "critical" elements in a reactor, i.e., the uranium or plutonium.

B. This refers to the minimum amount of fissionable material required to sustain a chain reaction.

C. This is the amount of mass needed to make a power reactor economically feasible.

D. This is the material which is just on the verge of becoming radioactive.

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19#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

A chain reaction can v).82xj lmdk e,r l)baoccur

A. in any uranium core.

B. when critical mass is reached.

C. in the center of the Sun.

D. when the coolant is too hot.

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20#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

The chief hazard of radiation1(oc cylo66ar damage to living cells is

A. due to ionization.

B. due to heating.

C. due to the creation of chemical impurities.

D. the creation of new isotopes within the body.

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21#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

What is necessary to stop beta particledafd i7ulcf2 1y92f;zunwk 7ul+t8 y ,s?

A. air alone

B. paper

C. metal foil

D. thick metal

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22#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

What is created in pa/c6n f *zukdt:ir production?

A. a proton and a positron

B. an electron and an antiproton

C. an electron and a positron

D. an electron and a photon

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23#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

All of the following are unitmf; 4u* cpmjo2;u: g e9;lpqses used to describe radiation dosage in humans except4o csumu:e;;qmf;*g j29p pel

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24#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

A unit that measures the ;g(brna7x3x hx fuv -o( e96xceffective dose of radiation in a human is the

A. curie.

B. RBE.

C. rad.

D. rem.

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25#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

When lead-207 (Z = 82) isqbok;z a0i+g waw76a0 bombarded with neutrons, it can change into

A. lead-208.

B. lead-206.

C. tellurium-208 (Z = 81).

D. bismuth-208 (Z = 83).

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26#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

In the fission reaction/6m4y( ows u0 uyz.xep $^{235}U \;+\; ^{1}n \rightarrow ^{141}Ba \;+\; ^{92}Kr \;+\; neutrons$, the number of neutrons produced is

A. zero.

B. 1.

C. 2.

D. 3.

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27#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

Complete the following nuclear re,zr:qzk+-eq; m1xhm; io cq,maction: $^{16}_8 O \;+\; ^1_0 n \rightarrow \;\;\;\;\;\; \;+\; ^4_2 He$

A. $^{12} C$

B. $^{13} C$

C. $^{14} C$

D. $^{15} C$

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28#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

Complete the following nuclear reafx 0atxicu.n8f 9 -zxnpad5t2 :p;vv 0ction: $^{16}_8 O \;+\; ^4_2 He \rightarrow \;\;\;\;\;\; \;+\; ^{19}_{10} Ne$

A. $^1 p$

B. $^1 n$

C. $^2 H$

D. $^3 H$

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29#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

Complete the following nuqsnh9 mj6::2 ljf xlbjdr7u(1clear reaction: $^{38}_{19} K \;+\; ^1_1 H \rightarrow \;\;\;\;\;\; \;+\; ^{38}_{20} Ca$

A. $^1 p$

B. $^1 n$

C. $^2 H$

D. $^3 H$

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30#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

Complete the following nucmv)rx,b hdt7o 3 ;m1aclear reaction: $^3_1 H \;+\; ^3_1 H \rightarrow \;\;\;\;\;\; \;+\; ^4_2 He$

A. 2($^1 p$)

B. 2($^1 n$)

C. $^2 H$

D. $^3 H$

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31#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

Complete the followin2os axwb,wg3uc )lkg6xt693yt k vo:- g nuclear reaction: $^{27}_{13} Al (\alpha, n)$ produces

A. $^{28} P$

B. $^{29} P$

C. $^{30} P$

D. $^{31} P$

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32#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

The Q value for a particular reaction is -2.4 MeV, and the react3e ecobizy3) -ion's threshold energy is 9.60 MeV. What is the ratio of the mass of the incident particle 3)eec-iyz o b3to the mass of the stationary target nucleus?

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33#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

Find the Q value of the following reaction: + t7qhlhu,pljrs0vrm5y- 02d $^{14}_7 N \;+\; ^4_2 He \rightarrow ^{17}_8 O \;+\; ^1_1 H$
The isotopic mass for $^{14}_7 N$ is $14.003074 u$
The isotopic mass for $^4_2 He$ is $4.002603 u$
The isotopic mass for $^{17}_8 O$ is $16,999131 u$
The isotopic mass for $^1_1 H$ is $1.007825 u$

A. -0.001279 u

B. -0.002179 u

C. -0.007219 u

D. -.0.009721 u

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34#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

Find the Q value of the following rell e9n3b vx+:a 8xqp-c0d upsfheo3 97action: $^{14}_7 N \;+\; ^4_2 He \rightarrow ^{17}_8 O \;+\; ^1_1 H$
The isotopic mass for $^{14}_7 N$ is $14.003074 u$
The isotopic mass for $^4_2 He$ is $4.002603 u$
The isotopic mass for $^{17}_8 O$ is $16,999131 u$
The isotopic mass for $^1_1 H$ is $1.007825 u$

A. $1.191 \; MeV$

B. $-1.191 \; MeV$

C. $1.279 \times 10^{-3} \; MeV$

D. $-1.279 \times 10^{-3} \; MeV$

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35#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

What is the Q value for the followswqek30 g08w7zo (mmq ing reaction? $^{7} Li \;+\; ^1 p \rightarrow ^4 He \;+\; ^4 He$
The isotopic mass for $^7 Li$ is $7.016005 u$
The isotopic mass for $^1 p$ is $1.007825 u$
The isotopic mass for $^4 He$ is $4.002603 u$

A. $13.57 \; MeV$

B. $15.37 \; MeV$

C. $17.35 \; MeV$

D. $17.53 \; MeV$

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36#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

What is the energy of reaction of the processw*ifr0t* p+t5c6pkk /r ob3ui $^9_4 Be \;(\alpha, n)\; ^{12}_6 C$?

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37#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

What is the energy released (posit8 re;.t +iuc 33mrslohvc2lj8 ive) or absorbed (negative) in the following reacthl+crriv;s 3ut o 3.828ljmce ion? $^3 H \;+\; ^3 H = ^4 He \;+\; 2(^1 n)$
The isotopic mass for $^3H$ is 3.016049 u
The isotopic mass for $^4He$ is 4.002603 u
The isotopic mass for $^1n$ is 1.008665 u

A. $0.0122 \; MeV$

B. $-0.0122 \; MeV$

C. $11.3 \; MeV$

D. $-11.3\; MeV$

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An X-ray technician takes an aveusn;xe(uafd+/s6jiw5k 3 s/ g rage of ten X-rays per day and receives 2.5 mrad per X-ray. What is the total do36dkfa giusn x5/(/sejs u+w ;se the technician receives in 250 working days?

A. $2.50 \; rem$

B. $5.00 \; rem$

C. $6.25 \; rem$

D. $7.75 \; rem$

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