Physics Unit31: Nuclear Energy and Radiation - 51fly国际课程 (51fly.win)

1#

When a target nucleus is bomba7 fwa9xrg2hq7 rded by an appropriate beam of particles, it is possible 7a fq 7r9hwx2gto produce

A. a less massive nucleus, but not a more massive one.

B. a more massive nucleus, but not a less massive one.

C. a nucleus with smaller atomic number, but not one with a greater atomic number.

D. a nucleus with greater atomic number, but not one with a smaller atomic number.

E. a nucleus with either greater or smaller atomic number.

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2#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

The mass of a proton( l;vox (9 bp2yol xmvv.)x1bv is $1.6726 \times 10^{-27} \; kg$ and the mass of a neutron is $1.6749 \times 10^{-27} \; kg$. A proton captures a neutron forming a deuterium nucleus. One would expect the mass of this nucleus to be

A. equal to $(1.6726 + 1.6749) \times 10^{-27} \; kg$.

B. less than $(1.6726 + 1.6749) \times 10^{-27} \; kg$.

C. greater than $(1.6726 + 1.6749) \times 10^{-27} \; kg$.

D. any of these; it depends on the energy released during the capture.

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3#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

In a nuclear reaction, what value is conserved in addition to electric)aogya vgz+2 :0zpauq6mjc5i f 5dx yx:20cw 7 charge, energy, and momxfq5d ywj5gaaz62:yz0+iuc0 a 7) :v2g oxpcmentum?

A. atomic number

B. neutron number

C. nucleon number

D. none of the given answers

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4#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

A proton strikes an oxygen-18 nucleus producing fluorin;ay7b9 lsua6/c1a 0kgvx ypb 66ud v-qe-18 and another particle. What other particle is produced by this nu -u6qsac;gaabd1790 y6vv plyk6/x ub clear reaction?

A. a neutron

B. an $\alpha$ particle

C. an $b-$ particle

D. an $b+$ particle

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5#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

A nuclear reaction is said to be exothermic if the total kinetic energy isc/zf.9uq.z/i cy2um0,zwdk p

A. less after the reaction than before.

B. equal both before and after the reaction.

C. greater after the reaction than before.

D. zero after the reaction.

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6#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

A nuclear reaction is said to b 9vvlrzi *r7 vcied3b/h,7o(p i 8r;ffe endothermic if the total kinetic energy is

A. less after the reaction than before.

B. equal both before and after the reaction.

C. greater after the reaction than before.

D. zero after the reaction.

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7#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

The process during which a heavy nucleus such as uranium sph0q0+sdog 6+gw bu/qtlits into two intermedg oqq wus+t+06g/0bh diate-sized nuclei after being struck by a neutron is referred to as

A. nuclear fission.

B. nuclear fusion.

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8#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

The process during which small nucmlcv4g ,l,zq5lei combine to form larger ones is referred to glq,vm,5z c4l as

A. nuclear fission.

B. nuclear fusion.

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9#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

How does the total ma) jj*yw*j(iyuss of the products of a nuclear fission reaction compare to the mass of the origyjw(**)j ju iyinal elements?

A. greater

B. less

C. the same

D. varies according to the reaction

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10#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

How does the mass of the productb,ohu sn8cfimz n,b c+; 3d88gs of a nuclear fusion reaction compare to the mass ncf;8go8 b+u 8bim3 ,szd, cnhof the original elements?

A. greater

B. less

C. the same

D. varies according to the reaction

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11#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

When light elements such as hydrogen undergo fusion,eh+u m1:t6x5e 0 ;piuwwh.voo

A. there is a loss of mass.

B. there is an increase in mass.

C. there is no change in mass.

D. electric charge can be annihilated.

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12#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

The fuel for nuclear fissi9 .i 9ih2 hc0bnainazw0,,u+1leh wrhon is

A. Hydrogen

B. Helium

C. Uranium

D. any radioactive material

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13#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

The fuel for nuclear fusion in the center .lal8q9 evd76nky3 zhof the Sun is

A. Hydrogen

B. Helium

C. Uranium

D. any radioactive material

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14#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

The energy radiated by a star,1o:+ egysfkn4 such as the Sun, results from

A. beta decay.

B. alpha decay.

C. fission reactions.

D. fusion reactions.

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15#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

What is the source of the energy the Sun j twuib67k2)lrr :qgcfmm*k02 iv5 :x radiates to us?

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16#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

What is the principle difference b v/w -7qezey5sg,(d 0tdg+rxretween a hydrogen bomb and a uranium bomb?

A. A uranium bomb is an atomic bomb, and a hydrogen bomb is a nuclear bomb.

B. A uranium bomb utilizes a fission reaction whereas a hydrogen bomb utilizes a fusion reaction.

C. Both work on the same principle, but the hydrogen bomb has a higher yield.

D. A hydrogen bomb converts mass into energy, whereas a uranium bomb does not.

E. One results in radioactive fallout, and the other does not.

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17#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

One sometimes hears reference to a "20-kiloton" bomb. What does glsqq0,r:nc0rt cntm2kj +e4 i ( 0zc-this mean?

A. It means 20,000 tons of nuclear explosive is used in the bomb.

B. It means that the number of "fissile" nuclei is equal to the number of trinitrotoluene molecules in 20,000 tons of TNT explosive.

C. It means that the total weight of the bomb (not just the uranium) is 20,000 tons.

D. It means that the energy released by the bomb is equal to the energy released when 20,000 tons of TNT is exploded.

E. This refers to the maximum pressure generated by the bomb when it explodes.

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18#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

What is the meaning of the term "critical mass"?,n9n*4g *ul vcb.gki (mmoz.d

A. This refers to the mass of the "critical" elements in a reactor, i.e., the uranium or plutonium.

B. This refers to the minimum amount of fissionable material required to sustain a chain reaction.

C. This is the amount of mass needed to make a power reactor economically feasible.

D. This is the material which is just on the verge of becoming radioactive.

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19#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

A chain reaction can oc il6igefa,0 u)9 pl2brm6 xgo*cur

A. in any uranium core.

B. when critical mass is reached.

C. in the center of the Sun.

D. when the coolant is too hot.

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20#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

The chief hazard of radiation 2spa/e )6p3zzaimy0 sdamage to living cells is

A. due to ionization.

B. due to heating.

C. due to the creation of chemical impurities.

D. the creation of new isotopes within the body.

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21#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

What is necessary to 5.q5ifg cpcy s6w,r7w stop beta particles?

A. air alone

B. paper

C. metal foil

D. thick metal

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22#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

What is created in pair productgh9 -pfgi .5sxion?

A. a proton and a positron

B. an electron and an antiproton

C. an electron and a positron

D. an electron and a photon

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23#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

All of the following are unitc rx-.xbt7g*ds used to describe radiation dosage in humans except.c b7g*-trxd x

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24#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

A unit that measures the effective dose of radiation gvyee9k-( 1ih in a human is the

A. curie.

B. RBE.

C. rad.

D. rem.

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25#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

When lead-207 (Z = 82) is bombarded with neutrons, it c5co5cj6r0j3g hhkj8 e an change into

A. lead-208.

B. lead-206.

C. tellurium-208 (Z = 81).

D. bismuth-208 (Z = 83).

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26#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

In the fission react, 6g9dfyiieh; tar0c:ion $^{235}U \;+\; ^{1}n \rightarrow ^{141}Ba \;+\; ^{92}Kr \;+\; neutrons$, the number of neutrons produced is

A. zero.

B. 1.

C. 2.

D. 3.

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27#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

Complete the following nuclear reaction: b:z8*6yd98f rmp3cw yx w* kui$^{16}_8 O \;+\; ^1_0 n \rightarrow \;\;\;\;\;\; \;+\; ^4_2 He$

A. $^{12} C$

B. $^{13} C$

C. $^{14} C$

D. $^{15} C$

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28#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

Complete the following nucle : g0t 0:ojveuh4q8r y8 .zzfo)zphp7mar reaction: $^{16}_8 O \;+\; ^4_2 He \rightarrow \;\;\;\;\;\; \;+\; ^{19}_{10} Ne$

A. $^1 p$

B. $^1 n$

C. $^2 H$

D. $^3 H$

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29#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

Complete the following nuclear reactig nf r85g(k,rt 9n+zcron: $^{38}_{19} K \;+\; ^1_1 H \rightarrow \;\;\;\;\;\; \;+\; ^{38}_{20} Ca$

A. $^1 p$

B. $^1 n$

C. $^2 H$

D. $^3 H$

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30#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

Complete the following nuclear react4 1ydx24 dq7lco- svps0onv. t dv4*gsion: $^3_1 H \;+\; ^3_1 H \rightarrow \;\;\;\;\;\; \;+\; ^4_2 He$

A. 2($^1 p$)

B. 2($^1 n$)

C. $^2 H$

D. $^3 H$

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31#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

Complete the following nuclear re:lm e snvz8:i.c*a ljmmx:n0jh(l*5qaction: $^{27}_{13} Al (\alpha, n)$ produces

A. $^{28} P$

B. $^{29} P$

C. $^{30} P$

D. $^{31} P$

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32#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

The Q value for a particular reaction is -2.4 MeV, and the rg;j w5u)m-h8nz;to ygeaction's threshold energy is 9.60 MeV. What is the ratio of the mass of t5hotgu;jwn8;z -my)ghe incident particle to the mass of the stationary target nucleus?

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33#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

Find the Q value of the following r9r03:c smwi3 tr47moe xcrmb01 7wfegeaction: $^{14}_7 N \;+\; ^4_2 He \rightarrow ^{17}_8 O \;+\; ^1_1 H$
The isotopic mass for $^{14}_7 N$ is $14.003074 u$
The isotopic mass for $^4_2 He$ is $4.002603 u$
The isotopic mass for $^{17}_8 O$ is $16,999131 u$
The isotopic mass for $^1_1 H$ is $1.007825 u$

A. -0.001279 u

B. -0.002179 u

C. -0.007219 u

D. -.0.009721 u

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34#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

Find the Q value of the fol0 oqmwkey*kxw7 .4l0xlowing reaction: $^{14}_7 N \;+\; ^4_2 He \rightarrow ^{17}_8 O \;+\; ^1_1 H$
The isotopic mass for $^{14}_7 N$ is $14.003074 u$
The isotopic mass for $^4_2 He$ is $4.002603 u$
The isotopic mass for $^{17}_8 O$ is $16,999131 u$
The isotopic mass for $^1_1 H$ is $1.007825 u$

A. $1.191 \; MeV$

B. $-1.191 \; MeV$

C. $1.279 \times 10^{-3} \; MeV$

D. $-1.279 \times 10^{-3} \; MeV$

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35#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

What is the Q value for the followki(7ya s 34q1rw9p-r 0qbk qkjing reaction? $^{7} Li \;+\; ^1 p \rightarrow ^4 He \;+\; ^4 He$
The isotopic mass for $^7 Li$ is $7.016005 u$
The isotopic mass for $^1 p$ is $1.007825 u$
The isotopic mass for $^4 He$ is $4.002603 u$

A. $13.57 \; MeV$

B. $15.37 \; MeV$

C. $17.35 \; MeV$

D. $17.53 \; MeV$

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36#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

What is the energy of reaction of the proq;ksoq/0 j487vey -;e trrou hcess $^9_4 Be \;(\alpha, n)\; ^{12}_6 C$?

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37#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

What is the energy released (positive) or absorbed (nega 0qw*6 a-x(sg8)lzk,zfid y0olmth7e0 hx b *ttive) in the following reactio hqk0*ezlf8xayxo(* hb7izsm -wdg)t 0lt6, 0 n? $^3 H \;+\; ^3 H = ^4 He \;+\; 2(^1 n)$
The isotopic mass for $^3H$ is 3.016049 u
The isotopic mass for $^4He$ is 4.002603 u
The isotopic mass for $^1n$ is 1.008665 u

A. $0.0122 \; MeV$

B. $-0.0122 \; MeV$

C. $11.3 \; MeV$

D. $-11.3\; MeV$

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38#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

An X-ray technician takes an average of ten X-rays per day and receim1gfznd pej(8s5k;t 6 ves 2.5 mrad per X-ray. Whatg6 t1dek;zj 85(nmf sp is the total dose the technician receives in 250 working days?

A. $2.50 \; rem$

B. $5.00 \; rem$

C. $6.25 \; rem$

D. $7.75 \; rem$

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