Physics Unit31: Nuclear Energy and Radiation - 51fly国际课程 (51fly.win)

1#

When a target nucleus is bombarded by an 7jdvykll6* g 4appropriate beam of particles, it is possible47yjk ldgl6v* to produce

A. a less massive nucleus, but not a more massive one.

B. a more massive nucleus, but not a less massive one.

C. a nucleus with smaller atomic number, but not one with a greater atomic number.

D. a nucleus with greater atomic number, but not one with a smaller atomic number.

E. a nucleus with either greater or smaller atomic number.

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2#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

The mass of a proton is gj/s6q 9 7rfjll)c2jx $1.6726 \times 10^{-27} \; kg$ and the mass of a neutron is $1.6749 \times 10^{-27} \; kg$. A proton captures a neutron forming a deuterium nucleus. One would expect the mass of this nucleus to be

A. equal to $(1.6726 + 1.6749) \times 10^{-27} \; kg$.

B. less than $(1.6726 + 1.6749) \times 10^{-27} \; kg$.

C. greater than $(1.6726 + 1.6749) \times 10^{-27} \; kg$.

D. any of these; it depends on the energy released during the capture.

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3#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

In a nuclear reaction, what value is conserved in addition to elecokrh v+*yv-( xtric charge, e hko*+x-vv(yrnergy, and momentum?

A. atomic number

B. neutron number

C. nucleon number

D. none of the given answers

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4#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

A proton strikes an oxygen-18 nucleus producing fluorine-18 and another par u 1pz4kf+6. 8wwqe-qiexhy*d(,bclpticle. What other particle is produced by this nuclear re bz eppi6w(l,1.kxqy8f+4dq hu w-ce *action?

A. a neutron

B. an $\alpha$ particle

C. an $b-$ particle

D. an $b+$ particle

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5#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

A nuclear reaction is said to be exothermi eolo/lf*kq61b.0azapr;(-+6c p se te xh9 yhc if the total kinetic energy is

A. less after the reaction than before.

B. equal both before and after the reaction.

C. greater after the reaction than before.

D. zero after the reaction.

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6#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

A nuclear reaction is said to be endothermic if the total kinet.j,c-pa5 ukktic energy is

A. less after the reaction than before.

B. equal both before and after the reaction.

C. greater after the reaction than before.

D. zero after the reaction.

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7#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

The process during which a heavy nucleus such as .xz ara.2t-h vz;wlj9 e:1gdc uranium splits into two intermediate-sized nuclei after being struck baetz2:z9-x1a.rhv . cj; lgdwy a neutron is referred to as

A. nuclear fission.

B. nuclear fusion.

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8#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

The process during whicrjk )9 25fjhqwh small nuclei combine to form larger ones is referred to aj59rh fjk w)2qs

A. nuclear fission.

B. nuclear fusion.

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9#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

How does the total mass of the products of a nuclear fission reacty:g pkn1*dt oqhv:-w;2b3v*j zs )tuoion compare to the mass of the origi *:onv 1j o2 t zg;)y3wubqd:ph*-tvsknal elements?

A. greater

B. less

C. the same

D. varies according to the reaction

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10#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

How does the mass of the products of a nuclear fusion rekd acn2b2j0k9mju 5yx*p0gyoz8 aisi/ , 8i,eaction compare to the mass of td,kp i ao8y ibacg/0* zesu,5k2mj n2j890yxihe original elements?

A. greater

B. less

C. the same

D. varies according to the reaction

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11#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

When light elements such as hgygp egp- n 5s0pr)9pe :oxw+ta1 r,j;ydrogen undergo fusion,

A. there is a loss of mass.

B. there is an increase in mass.

C. there is no change in mass.

D. electric charge can be annihilated.

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12#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

The fuel for nuclear fisstnx1hbde ;r-nc7 8p/ gion is

A. Hydrogen

B. Helium

C. Uranium

D. any radioactive material

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13#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

The fuel for nuclear fusion in the center onwo 92 iihn0h:f the Sun is

A. Hydrogen

B. Helium

C. Uranium

D. any radioactive material

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14#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

The energy radiated b7,8ip kikbr nz*;ftn*y a star, such as the Sun, results from

A. beta decay.

B. alpha decay.

C. fission reactions.

D. fusion reactions.

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15#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

What is the source of the energ)(yo* c xi 5hss57 vaz:k1qwoch+7idyy the Sun radiates to us?

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16#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

What is the principle difference between a hydrogen bomz0 b *n w-*sy7,hyuruev,( yrub and a uranium bomb?

A. A uranium bomb is an atomic bomb, and a hydrogen bomb is a nuclear bomb.

B. A uranium bomb utilizes a fission reaction whereas a hydrogen bomb utilizes a fusion reaction.

C. Both work on the same principle, but the hydrogen bomb has a higher yield.

D. A hydrogen bomb converts mass into energy, whereas a uranium bomb does not.

E. One results in radioactive fallout, and the other does not.

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17#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

One sometimes hears referel+ :je ))wp xjhpe*k)jnce to a "20-kiloton" bomb. What does this mean?

A. It means 20,000 tons of nuclear explosive is used in the bomb.

B. It means that the number of "fissile" nuclei is equal to the number of trinitrotoluene molecules in 20,000 tons of TNT explosive.

C. It means that the total weight of the bomb (not just the uranium) is 20,000 tons.

D. It means that the energy released by the bomb is equal to the energy released when 20,000 tons of TNT is exploded.

E. This refers to the maximum pressure generated by the bomb when it explodes.

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18#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

What is the meaning of the term "cr3 +/mir rb0ncjitical mass"?

A. This refers to the mass of the "critical" elements in a reactor, i.e., the uranium or plutonium.

B. This refers to the minimum amount of fissionable material required to sustain a chain reaction.

C. This is the amount of mass needed to make a power reactor economically feasible.

D. This is the material which is just on the verge of becoming radioactive.

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19#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

A chain reaction canvf s*:fkik6muk t o;z,o9,yv 1 occur

A. in any uranium core.

B. when critical mass is reached.

C. in the center of the Sun.

D. when the coolant is too hot.

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20#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

The chief hazard of radiation damage to livingk ;0w p-wj n45o)itar*pl1*0ihbm mij cells is

A. due to ionization.

B. due to heating.

C. due to the creation of chemical impurities.

D. the creation of new isotopes within the body.

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21#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

What is necessary to st tuxch+p3ja;1op beta particles?

A. air alone

B. paper

C. metal foil

D. thick metal

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22#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

What is created in pair productf ( dee8sct-p;8x ubb+ion?

A. a proton and a positron

B. an electron and an antiproton

C. an electron and a positron

D. an electron and a photon

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23#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

All of the following are units used to descrihv0r)akvo/kchz ky4m7l j61pq6) z;wbe radiation dosage in humans excepr;)l01pmov j/h hca)yzv4kkw 66 7zqkt

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24#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

A unit that measures the xy/-xls ; poyz2.l 4cqd75sxveffective dose of radiation in a human is the

A. curie.

B. RBE.

C. rad.

D. rem.

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25#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

When lead-207 (Z = 82) is bombarded with neutrobdl)e .k rc.jz6dade(x k73 +dns, it can change into

A. lead-208.

B. lead-206.

C. tellurium-208 (Z = 81).

D. bismuth-208 (Z = 83).

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26#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

In the fission reaction xhj)9o b7 l4qkfow yl*9)s9tb$^{235}U \;+\; ^{1}n \rightarrow ^{141}Ba \;+\; ^{92}Kr \;+\; neutrons$, the number of neutrons produced is

A. zero.

B. 1.

C. 2.

D. 3.

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27#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

Complete the following nuclear reacth zuhm7gv -9n;ion: $^{16}_8 O \;+\; ^1_0 n \rightarrow \;\;\;\;\;\; \;+\; ^4_2 He$

A. $^{12} C$

B. $^{13} C$

C. $^{14} C$

D. $^{15} C$

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28#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

Complete the following nuclear aur.2l z w5a,5n (q+ dr:xywvsekr; w7reaction: $^{16}_8 O \;+\; ^4_2 He \rightarrow \;\;\;\;\;\; \;+\; ^{19}_{10} Ne$

A. $^1 p$

B. $^1 n$

C. $^2 H$

D. $^3 H$

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29#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

Complete the following nuclear reaeuqf//l 3 gq)oction: $^{38}_{19} K \;+\; ^1_1 H \rightarrow \;\;\;\;\;\; \;+\; ^{38}_{20} Ca$

A. $^1 p$

B. $^1 n$

C. $^2 H$

D. $^3 H$

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30#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

Complete the following nucleaj mtshj-xb; 57r reaction: $^3_1 H \;+\; ^3_1 H \rightarrow \;\;\;\;\;\; \;+\; ^4_2 He$

A. 2($^1 p$)

B. 2($^1 n$)

C. $^2 H$

D. $^3 H$

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31#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

Complete the following nuclear rea9u32h smenlhd73 cv.5*zxp uy ction: $^{27}_{13} Al (\alpha, n)$ produces

A. $^{28} P$

B. $^{29} P$

C. $^{30} P$

D. $^{31} P$

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32#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

The Q value for a particular reaction is -2.4 MeV, and thevl5:fqk04qa +t 8 rzac reaction's threshold energy is 9.60 Mea:l05at8 vqzf 4 ckr+qV. What is the ratio of the mass of the incident particle to the mass of the stationary target nucleus?

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33#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

Find the Q value of the following reaction:go qp qor*epll-583 t) $^{14}_7 N \;+\; ^4_2 He \rightarrow ^{17}_8 O \;+\; ^1_1 H$
The isotopic mass for $^{14}_7 N$ is $14.003074 u$
The isotopic mass for $^4_2 He$ is $4.002603 u$
The isotopic mass for $^{17}_8 O$ is $16,999131 u$
The isotopic mass for $^1_1 H$ is $1.007825 u$

A. -0.001279 u

B. -0.002179 u

C. -0.007219 u

D. -.0.009721 u

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34#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

Find the Q value of thorvnl-q 9qu sd ch:r5/ y7qf 3kf01jv7cfi28te following reaction: $^{14}_7 N \;+\; ^4_2 He \rightarrow ^{17}_8 O \;+\; ^1_1 H$
The isotopic mass for $^{14}_7 N$ is $14.003074 u$
The isotopic mass for $^4_2 He$ is $4.002603 u$
The isotopic mass for $^{17}_8 O$ is $16,999131 u$
The isotopic mass for $^1_1 H$ is $1.007825 u$

A. $1.191 \; MeV$

B. $-1.191 \; MeV$

C. $1.279 \times 10^{-3} \; MeV$

D. $-1.279 \times 10^{-3} \; MeV$

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35#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

What is the Q value for the following rett* wuzso7hgf ;3tog0 8g sy+ vz26v-baction? $^{7} Li \;+\; ^1 p \rightarrow ^4 He \;+\; ^4 He$
The isotopic mass for $^7 Li$ is $7.016005 u$
The isotopic mass for $^1 p$ is $1.007825 u$
The isotopic mass for $^4 He$ is $4.002603 u$

A. $13.57 \; MeV$

B. $15.37 \; MeV$

C. $17.35 \; MeV$

D. $17.53 \; MeV$

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36#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

What is the energy of reaction of the processxk r+1 7sclk7l $^9_4 Be \;(\alpha, n)\; ^{12}_6 C$?

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37#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

What is the energy relvjj arh1* dib68)7rnweased (positive) or absorbed (negative) in the following reactioia jn r)db*vw6h1j87rn? $^3 H \;+\; ^3 H = ^4 He \;+\; 2(^1 n)$
The isotopic mass for $^3H$ is 3.016049 u
The isotopic mass for $^4He$ is 4.002603 u
The isotopic mass for $^1n$ is 1.008665 u

A. $0.0122 \; MeV$

B. $-0.0122 \; MeV$

C. $11.3 \; MeV$

D. $-11.3\; MeV$

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38#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

An X-ray technician takes an average of ten X-rays pec8kxwwn2 x k2k*5av* e dqy3t(r day and receives 2.5 mrad per X-ray. What i c85 k22w(dvenyqxxa**3tkkws the total dose the technician receives in 250 working days?

A. $2.50 \; rem$

B. $5.00 \; rem$

C. $6.25 \; rem$

D. $7.75 \; rem$

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