The three common phases of matter)h3t8lepom9eu* l0hj;;xors : 6 ufts are

  Density is

  Substance A has a density n-gs11+, i gppbijug,of $3.0 \; g/cm^{3}$ and substance B has a density of $4.0 \; g/cm^{3}$. In order to obtain equal masses of these two substances, the ratio of the volume of A to the volume of B will be equal to

  Pressure is

  Which of the following is not a unit of vsb:+ xcv mg25pressure?

  Consider three drinking glasses. All three have the same ai/aqh q g4(/ecrea base, and all three are filled to the same depth with water. Glass A is cag 4 h(qci/eq/ylindrical. Glass B is wider at the top than at the bottom, and so holds more water than A. Glass C is narrower at the top than at the bottom, and so holds less water than A. Which glass has the greatest liquid pressure at the bottom?

  What is the difference between :mk*3*h;ly ovkw.f srthe pressures inside and outside a tire called?

  When atmospheric pressure changes, what happens tonr9l*ttt z ;-jqee40xt6;qs k the absolute pressure at the bottom of a pool0 *t4etqjt; ;rt qkx9-nz6lse?

  You are originally 1.0 m beneath the surface of a pool. jz. p ,oqu4g2i If you dive to 2.0 m bej2., ozup qig4neath the surface, what happens to the absolute pressure on you?

State Pascal's principleixv; zy8+w;d a.

State Archimedes' principl.zcfrk ksf k7z; 2+.cme.

  $50 \; cm^{3}$ of wood is floating on water, and $50 \; cm^{3}$ of iron is totally submerged. Which has the greater buoyant force on it?

  As a rock sinks deeper and deeper into wat (f3,ak iyxq6ger of constant density, what happens to x6yi ,a3 fq(gkthe buoyant force on it?

  Salt water has greater density than fresjfdf(,o:.dmh 7pp5 t lh water. A boat floats in both fresh water and in salt water. Where is the buoyant force hd: ld7pf mjpf5(t.o, greater on the boat?

  Salt water is more dense than fresh water. A ship floats 1k5gunep ar24fu7e+ h +m ggp:in both fresh water and salt water. Compared to the fresh water, the volume of water displacmgaukgh+p 5+re4:7pu 1 efgn2ed in the salt water is

  A steel ball sinks in water but floats in a pool of mercury. Where is the dpwqqto y04o) p4kx2dqo (r0 ;buoyant force d2o4 k)0q(;yq4d r twq0pp ooxon the ball greater?

  A 10-kg piece of aluminuj,zwjck.w1q;:zis2 hxhi bg 1*u37t gm sits at the bottom of a lake, right next to a 10-kg piece of lead. Which has the greater buoyant force on it?u1zj31sqg w*.w thbk ;2zc:j7,xig ih

  A piece of iron rests on top of a piece of wood float/1 dg.lk)a ixjing in a bathtub. If the iron is removed from the wood, what happens to the water level in the).ij1d l gakx/ tub?

  A piece of wood is floating in a b8x bnsmb s, u(v85yabz7) +qaxathtub. A second piece of wood sits on top of the first piece,axsy7m58( vzbb+8x qb anus), and does not touch the water. If the top piece is taken off and placed in the water, what happens to the water level in the tub?

  Water flows through a pipe. Theae je8dqck: pvlsp .:+abb5 68 po0yl7 diameter of the pipe at point B is larger than at point88 7leok ya0psal p:qbcj ped.:6+b5v A. Where is the speed of the water greater?

  An ideal fluid flows at 12 m/s in iaca d,3.x( eoa horizontal pipe. If the pipe widens to twice its original radius, what is the flow speed in the wider ac.di3, x(e aosection?

  An ideal fluid flows at 12 m/s in)e y-wvm2f6hn a horizontal pipe. If the pipe narrows to half its original radius, what is the flow speed inwfv 2- n6hmy)e the narrower section?

State Bernoulli's pri3 b2d36xy buaeqvo -h.nciple.

  Which one of the follmn;pd9 9e/a xnn2)f uxv 8j8kiowing is associated with the law of conservation of energy in flu2nnmju8x)xkd;/ i 8v9e f a9npids?

  As the speed of a moving fluid increases, the pressure in x+.w)d3uxsdh the fluid

  Water flows through a pipe. The diameter o( gja r0-5kxey/; r4ykg ru7yof the pipe at point B is larger than at point A. Where is the water pressu ox0yyrg4 raykr5 (;jgu/7e-kre greatest?

  When you blow some air above a paper 1p.c.4a qieyxlx 3po- strip, the paper rises. This is because

  A sky diver falls through the air at ter )sjf dvuf)*o8minal velocity. The force of air resistanc of)vju)8s*fde on him is

  Two Styrofoam balls, of radii R and 2R, are released simultadlwl/ mw4a0ho3d u l-kn7*r 8cneously from a tall tower. Which will reach 80o kawc3uwd/ l7 m-l4h n*dlrthe ground first?

  When a small spherical rock of radius)7) xouo7xfst ,kzh y; r falls through water, it experiences a drag forcefzxs,xk;y ho7 )u7ot) $F=arv$, where $v$ is its velocity and $a$ is a constant proportional to the viscosity of water. From this, one can deduce that if a rock of diameter 2.0 mm falls with terminal velocity, $v$, then a rock of diameter 4.0 mm will fall with terminal velocity .

  Which has the greatest effect on the flow of flu /a)+uu vibundusz .36id through a narrow pipe? That is, if you made a 10% change in each of the quantities bez.u a u)+6ndubu /3ivslow, which would cause the greatest change in the flow rate?

  Two horizontal pipes are the same length, but pipe B has twice rmx7n nrw2/:xthe diameter of pipe A. Water undergoes viscous flow in both pipes, subject to the same pressure difference across 2:/mxnrx7 nwr the lengths of the pipes. If the flow rate in pipe A is Q, what is the flow rate in pipe B?

  Two horizontal pipes have the same diameter, but pipe B is twice as loi.eazv9d83k bngo b/7v+a* a lng as pipe A. Water undergoes viscous flow in both pipes, subject to the same pressure difference acro zdeagib+av7b9va* / k8ol3n.ss the lengths of the pipes. If the flow rate in pipe B is Q, what is the flow rate in pipe A?

  When soup gets cold, it often tastes greasy. This "greasy" taste seems to be as1w0z-vi6tri fp11 z hwbts+f-sociated with oil spreading out all over the surface of the soup, instead of staying in little globules. To us "physikers", this is readil1riv-bhf-0twwf6 1 zt+szip 1y explained in terms of

  When a tube of diameter d is ;0 uo p5hq ,so*a0y:a1q7ctdy:asqzd placed in water, the water rises to a height h. If the diameter were half a5dq::a oc,pq0uyta* o shqs1a7zd0 y;s great, how high would the water rise?

  Certain insects, such as th,b ; k .lcthbv6wi7v3,um/hn9 uhtf :me water bug, are sufficiently lightweight that they can run on top of water without breaking the su;clb/t 9wkifb,m v3m7uhn:.,6uh vhtrface tension. Water bug A has weight W. Water bug B is twice as big as bug A, in all dimensions. That is, bug B is twice as long, twice as wide, etc. What is the weight of bug B?

  Certain insects, such as the water bug, are suff5k0bohhmq v6yf/ o7s ((qon. qiciently lightweight that they can run on top of water without breaking the surface tension. This is possible because the water, due to surface tension, exerts an upwaonmohy h 5.kv /qfb(0s76oq q(rd force on the bottom of the bug's feet. Suppose that the maximum possible upward force on the feet of water bug A is F. Now suppose that water bug B is twice as big as bug A in every dimension. That is, bug B is twice as long, twice as wide, etc. What is the maximum upward force on the feet of bug B?

  A plastic block of dimensions 2.00 cm x 3.00 cm x 4.00 cm has a mass of 30.d 7zft1-i0 kfi0 g. What is its i7 z0f- ifd1ktdensity?

  A liquid has a specific gravity of 0,e9c oynz; agsw d,/*bjv6yf (.357. What is its density?

  A brick weighs 50.0 N, exh1amb3db;r zd/ )8m and measures 30.0 cm x 10.0 cm x 4.00 cm. What is the maximum pressure it can exert on a horizontal surfmzrb 8xe d1)mab /3;hdace?

  A person weighing 900 N is standing on snowshoes. Each snowshoe ,h kluclk31fp-t*(nwyo uj5u vha((; has area $2500 \; cm^{2}$. What is the pressure on the snow?

  How much pressure (absolute) must a submarine witrpltmkj 9t.b,hp628wkq4- y b hstand at a depth of 120.0 m in ty26pp thmb r .b 8qt,l-kwkj94he ocean?

  A circular window of 30 cm diameter in a submari7ba8gdd2 pd b+mwe;:ine can withstand a maximum force ow+7 ied8 ddpbam;:gb2 f $5.20 \times 10^{5} \; N$. What is the maximum depth in a lake to which the submarine can go without damaging the window?

  What is the gauge pressure if the absolute pressure is 300 kPa?nezxvlz; )nye( tn,nx mo:,+5

  What is the gauge pressure at a location 15.0 m below the surfrk6u (9kfu ie(ace of sea? (The du9((rfkik e u6ensity of seawater is $1.03 \times 10^3 \; kg/m^{3}$.)

  What is the absolute pressuryo b3c0 wjup3i pe;/s7r f)3ije at a location 15.0 m below the surface of sea? (The densj 3;rep sc i7yj3fb)iu o3/wp0ity of seawater is $1.03 \times 10^3 \; kg/m^{3}$.)

  A 500-N weight sits on the small piston of a hydraulic machine. The qdb0/90 o0d kjdmw+zgsmall piston haj o gmk09+0zdd0bdw /qs area $2.0 \; cm^{2}$. If the large piston has area $40 \; cm^{2}$, how much weight can the large piston support?

  In a hydraulic garage lift, th,8 dpaugilc0 we;:1yz e small piston has a radius of 5.0 cm and the large piston has a radius of 15 cm. What force must be applieiygz,d;ac 0 : plw18ued on the small piston in order to lift a car weighing 20,000 N on the large piston?

  A 13,000 N vehicle is to be lifted by a 25 cm diam n9bgiey toix12t. bn36f) y9peter hydraulic piston. What force needs to be appliebnnb 96e.9)3iit1yopft xg2yd to a 5.0 cm diameter piston to accomplish this?

  The small piston of a hydraulic lift hasx2.0lo p5)sv/ sy txyg a diameter of 8.0 cm, and its large piston has a diameter of 40 cm. The lift raises a load of 15,00005 txpvs)xs2g oy/l. y N.
(a) Determine the force that must be applied to the small piston    $N$ (fill in numerical value only)
(b) Determine the pressure applied to the fluid in the lift    $\times 10^5 \; Pa$ (fill in numerical value only)

  A block of metal weighs 40 N in air and 30 N in water. What is the buoya;b dzvrmz2t7qq, f )i)nt force of thzqb rv);2 f,tqz)7i dme water?

  An object has a volu:bhb4c m98 zocme of $4.0 \; m^{3}$ and weighs 40,000 N. What will its weight be in water?

  A 4.00-kg cylinder of solid iron is supported by a string wh29a8kz9dy hlhmjza o0g ;jn./ ile submerged in water. What is t92o0 8.a9nkhzh;j /m agyjldz he tension in the string? (The specific gravity of iron is 7.86.)

  If the density of gold ismp7x -: cpr1khgm;(sv4 y x+ux $19.3 \times 10^3 kg/m^{3}$, what buoyant force does a 0.60-kg gold crown experience when it is immersed in water?

  A crane lifts a steelp ck)vqyz-) nu0 x1vpdz q dx4xe99-q5 submarine (density = $7.8 \times 10^3 \; kg/m^{3}$) of mass 20,000 kg. What is the tension in the lifting cable (1) when the submarine is submerged, and (2) when it is entirely out of the water?

  An object weighs 7.84 N when it is in air and 6.86 N when it is immersed in wateo4n1y r:u*xkuba76/ w*mf hgmr. 1/u*m :naf7kbwx4mygouh*r6What is the specific gravity of the object?

  A container of water is placed on a scale, and the scale reads 120 g. Now izpl/eeb:*; vn f.d7fa 20-g piece of copper (specific gravity = 8.9) is suspended from a thread an/d; ilbe p.vff:zn7*ed lowered into the water, not touching
the bottom of the container. What will the scale now read?

  A piece of aluminum with a masskn fj5p6ny.+ ,co/ zvo of 1.0 kg and density of $2700 \; kg/m^{3}$ is suspended from a string and then completely immersed in a container of water. The density of water is $1000 \; kg/m^{3}$.
(a) Determine the volume of the piece of aluminum    $\times 10^{-4} \; m^3$ (fill in numerical value only)
(b) Determine the tension in the string after the metal is immersed in the container of water $N$ (fill in numerical value only)

  A cylindrical rod of length 12 cm and diameter 2.0 cm will juste0nd;h jx0j88ppa3n4i if; ;dzp3jt w barely float in water. What is itf; 3p4jpj;w8dij 8i;a zpx d0hetnn 03s mass?

  A rectangular box of negligible mass measures 5.0 m long,zr2in um d+dwsv 5)b+8 1.0 m wide, and 0.50 m2d8rid5 usz m+)wb+nv high. How many kilograms of mass can be loaded onto the box before it sinks in a lake?

  A $1.0 m^{3}$ object floats in water with 20% of it above the waterline. What does the object weigh out of the water?

  An object floats with half its volume beneath the surface of sjg 43qfc7xb9ac4e*dthe water. The weight of the displaced water is 2000 N. What is the weig4 cgb73aex4dj9s fc*q ht of the object?

  A solid object floats in water wiktxp0u.w* z(e o77pbith three-fourths of its volume beneath the surface. 7ep. b* z7x(0wuip tkoWhat is the object's density?

  A 200-N object floats with three-fourths of its volume beneath u( 9lykqqmhm: qu g04 dwc7n,4the surface of the water. 079qdq u n :w4cm ,gyl(umhqk4What is the buoyant force on the object?

  A polar bear of mass 200 kg stands on an ice floe 100 cm thicmtu3yw 62iig3k. What is the minimum area of the floe that will just support the bear in saltwater of specific gravity 1.03? 3uw3iiyg m 6t2 The specific gravity of ice is 0.98.

  Liquid flows through a pipe of diameter 3.0 c/,e);mtfqqm *yh,b uk m at 2.0 m/s. Find the flow rate.

  Liquid flows through a 4.0 cm diameter pipe at 1.0 m/s. There is a 2.0 c83njyxl iqr,pl* 0 6o6 1dpxwub.ut+cm diameter restriction in the line. What is the velocity in this restricxpul+x3q6o0* n ypu c 86ijbtwdlr1,.tion?

  Water flows at 12 m/s in a horizontal pipe with azy0;l zq2i 8at pressure of $3.0 \times 10^4 \; N/m^2$. If the pipe widens to twice its original radius, what is the pressure in the wider section?

  How much pressure does it take for a pump to supply a drinking foyv-y mmr859 a;eh:/qy ho; pk4lc:ytluntain with 300 kPa, if the fountain is 30.0 m above thcy/59eyl8prvhlk m: : oy; h-myq;ta4e pump?

  A hole of radius 1.0 mm occurs in the bottom of a water storage tank that holdsn: nx2; pxp;jdm )wil5(ghv- v4wfo 1w water at a depth of 15 m. At what rate windn5 jv;p 4h; oipww v2wxf:gmx)(1-lll water flow out of the hole?

  Water flows through a horizontal pipe of cross-sectional af 5 t8mdx.g.mlw 7gvj+z( -ayhrea $10.0 \; cm^{2}$ at a pressure of 0.250 atm. The flow rate is $1.00 \times 10^{-3} \; m^{3}/s$. At a valve, the effective cross-sectional area of the pipe is reduced to $5.00 \; cm^{2}$. What is the pressure at the valve?

  SAE No. 10 oil has a viscosity of 0.2.+ceshuk 14jyx 0 3esq4wn ;,7rlooyj0 Pa-s. How long would it take to pour 4.0 L of oil through a funnel with a neck 15 cm long and 2.0 cm in diameter? Assume the surfacec,xh joej41 esrnw0s lo u37;qk4y.+y of the oil is kept 6 cm above the top of the neck, and neglect any drag effects due to the upper part of the funnel.

  Suppose that the build-up of fatty tissue on the wall of an artery der. en20gcdm76tfye.ixf nc :- creased the radius by 10%. By how much would the pressure provided by the heart hg2me. f.etf7r0 6n :i dcn-cyxave to be increased to maintain a constant blood flow?

  Two narrow tubes are placed in a pan of water. Tum 06 dxp6ywm+e10-okj0g lv:io /og jube A has twice the diameter of tube B. If water rises 24 cm in tube A, how high will it rise in ykd0x+mw6 v:o0eogu0-61op jji l/gm tube B?

  The surface tension of water i(drt0meru)a0o)( 9 lb g)vhpqs 0.073 N/m. How high will water rise in a capillagou ed9ab))r qt)(m0 vp(0r lhry tube of diameter 1.2 mm?

  232

  To what height wouldpu9p-mga (t+h water at 0 degree Celsius rise in a glass capillary tube with a diameter gh+ 9(mutpa- pof
0.50 mm?

  A narrow tube is placed vertically in a pan of water, and the water rises in tys*wy.: -z 0yyblys (she tube to 4.0 cm above the level of the pan. The surface tension in the liquid is lowered to one-half its original value by the addition ossz- yly*by:w sy (0.yf some soap. What happens to the height of the liquid column in the tube?

  Consider a rectangular frame of len f2)01 chygyxjj w2gav3bcb( )gth 0.120 m and width 0.600 m with a soap film formed within its confined area. If the surface tension of soapy water is 0.0260 N/m, how muag1gjhy)2j0 cbf23 vc (yxbw) ch force does the soap film exert on the 0.600 m side?

  An adjustable rectangu xe*;el5 kqkza 1 ev;4wz )+(eefw)qiylar frame has length 12 cm and width 5 cm, and is built in such a way that one of the longezyixl5)); ew eqq*k1+; ee(zfeka v4w r sides can be moved without bursting the soap film contained in the frame. Soapy water has surface tension 0.026 N/m. How much work is required to move the adjustable long side so that the frame is 12 cm square?