The three common pha8 e q2nejlmjbx+i1o */9m;qrk ses of matter are

  Density is

  Substance A has a de3t:re ok.adiz1w,sv1 of,7yunsity of $3.0 \; g/cm^{3}$ and substance B has a density of $4.0 \; g/cm^{3}$. In order to obtain equal masses of these two substances, the ratio of the volume of A to the volume of B will be equal to

  Pressure is

  Which of the following isszz +(3e68s ql,)7 zndrp9j 2llrj6az,qir ji not a unit of pressure?

  Consider three drinking glasses. All three have the same area base, and allq.0rfg.6n j+p sxmug; three are filled to thep60 f+rsgx.jmq.;g u n same depth with water. Glass A is cylindrical. Glass B is wider at the top than at the bottom, and so holds more water than A. Glass C is narrower at the top than at the bottom, and so holds less water than A. Which glass has the greatest liquid pressure at the bottom?

  What is the difference f.6 4:ckpfoe1ca 6liy between the pressures inside and outside a tire called?

  When atmospheric pressurf3 l4l+uru s ,ejqfm+:e changes, what happens to the absolute pressure at the bottomusfle4+m: rl,u3jfq+ of a pool?

  You are originally 1.0 m beneath the surface of a pool. If yoopev9:t ez 6vf8kam rb o,x1+ 3+c4rjwu dive to 2.0 m beneath the surface, what happens to tht3p ,cjr4f++ovv1r:ae w9 embzx 86koe absolute pressure on you?

State Pascal's principlekgs)wy-:: kb-t;w gforrl0u/(hosw x qn1 75o.

State Archimedes' pri.k3ul)bmrh( onciple.

  $50 \; cm^{3}$ of wood is floating on water, and $50 \; cm^{3}$ of iron is totally submerged. Which has the greater buoyant force on it?

  As a rock sinks deeper and deeper into water of constant density, what happenspyp.l3xpg *mk e .*z0 ux1wk*hx-/yev to the buoyant foxxmel/3pex*kuv*. y0wpk y- h.1 gp *zrce on it?

  Salt water has greater density than fresh water. A bxo;c2 )z) d/npis-znl),wpf/ -rfm et oat floats in both fresh water a)n-crd f2p - ztl,f)mox/ nz;ws)/epind in salt water. Where is the buoyant force greater on the boat?

  Salt water is more dense than 9bkc+fzc l3chwbs*5 u ) *enhvjv n/07fresh water. A ship floats in both fresh water and salt water. Compared to the fresh water,5 sc0 w *v9)e+b7n3vf u *cnbkhj/czhl the volume of water displaced in the salt water is

  A steel ball sinks in water3x h-v1poz ,dx but floats in a pool of mercury. Where is the buoyant force on the ball greax1d op x-,hv3zter?

  A 10-kg piece of aluminum sits at the bottom of a lake, right next l; rqy vpcas1srb8(;5v /nr,mto a 10-kg piece of lead. Whic yq;r;a(sl 8b m1rrs5pn/vv ,ch has the greater buoyant force on it?

  A piece of iron rests on top o96;l* zo b8y2pbupwvof a piece of wood floating in a bathtub. If the iron is removed from the wood, what happens to the wat9*b p8z pwv;b y62oouler level in the tub?

  A piece of wood is floao/q+u jk*orfvft/f 1 k :56rlmvxq+1mting in a bathtub. A second piece of wood sits on top of the first piece, ant: *5q k rojvlvf+rm1m x qk+/ufo/f16d does not touch the water. If the top piece is taken off and placed in the water, what happens to the water level in the tub?

  Water flows through a pipe. The diameter of the pipe agis:mqq zxa,;8c92o7z yy hg+t point B is larger than at+xyi qszq cz ;8g2,am o97h:yg point A. Where is the speed of the water greater?

  An ideal fluid flows at 12 m/s in a horizontal pipe. Ifnvtf-yie1d)) oc0 d i* the pipe widens to twice its original radius, what is v) ticdde1-*y )in of0the flow speed in the wider section?

  An ideal fluid flows at 12 m/s in a horizontal pipe. If the pipe narrh3n,+ek smbg; ows to half its original r; gk, seb3+hmnadius, what is the flow speed in the narrower section?

State Bernoulli's prierg h tqnk8(1 b+zwd32nciple.

  Which one of the following is associated wiczen )dv,ns38 th the law of conservation of energy in fluids, 3nvn)c zds8e?

  As the speed of a moving flrb,57*x(wuq jwfmu/c6i6psbuid increases, the pressure in the fluid

  Water flows through a pipe. The diameter of the pipe at point B isd1g ,-8ssxs lvvokl)gh e ao*(*3p*ni larger than at point A. Where is the water pressure greatest*-sign ph*g3 val(xesl)d o8 v*ok1,s?

  When you blow some air above a paper strip, the paper rises. This is lj8pqo 29y(egviy amf*2k59d /ksh j+because

  A sky diver falls through the air at terminal velocity. The force of atu1n .7m kxfq,ir resistance on him xtn. mk,uq71fis

  Two Styrofoam balls, of radii R and 2R, are released simulpr b7yv ;lx etn0c,kl0 *,ij;xtaneously from a tall tower. Which lkntj0xer,;x70 p *v,bi;ylc will reach the ground first?

  When a small spherical rock of radius r falls througn(e3 yq v qub prc.)1c6qyq3w+h water, it experiences a drag f.q3 1 q6n )+(3 cebcqypyvrwuqorce $F=arv$, where $v$ is its velocity and $a$ is a constant proportional to the viscosity of water. From this, one can deduce that if a rock of diameter 2.0 mm falls with terminal velocity, $v$, then a rock of diameter 4.0 mm will fall with terminal velocity .

  Which has the greatest effect on the flow of fluid through a narrow pi.wg iqm( n.vy6pe? That is, if you made a 10% change inmy. 6vw ing.q( each of the quantities below, which would cause the greatest change in the flow rate?

  Two horizontal pipes are the same length, but pipe+rq h/i4o; w7ueqe1qfe+-r bx B has twice the diameter of pipe A. Water undergoes viscous flow in both pipes, subjx4ee uf+;oqbr7hw-rq +ie/q1ect to the same pressure difference across the lengths of the pipes. If the flow rate in pipe A is Q, what is the flow rate in pipe B?

  Two horizontal pipesoa i 8cpfg:+)t7 -dfb u-cy2t.zk0la e have the same diameter, but pipe B is twice as long as pipe A. Water undergoes viscous flow in both pipes, subject to the same pressure difference across the lengths of the pipes. If the flow rate in pipe B is Q,bp to82 a lcgk yae-d7-f)z.it0u+: fc what is the flow rate in pipe A?

  When soup gets cold, it often tvl+yvus0 1f+da 4 3 0uxbrd7mmastes greasy. This "greasy" taste seems to be associated +mvd bx07v+ufsa3 1udym04 rl with oil spreading out all over the surface of the soup, instead of staying in little globules. To us "physikers", this is readily explained in terms of

  When a tube of diameter d is placed in water,f,0s v* i5 josazqo,y+ the water rises to a height h. If the diameter were half as great, how high wouloayq,vfio sszj *+ 05,d the water rise?

  Certain insects, such. -(xejtkg.o n73 dkmn as the water bug, are sufficiently lightweight that they can run on top of water without breaking the surface tension. Water bug A has weight W. Water bug B is twice as big as bug A, in all dimensions. That is, bug B is twice as long, twice as winoj.n3 g(t-k. d7xkmede, etc. What is the weight of bug B?

  Certain insects, such as the water bug, are suffi 2tmie;nbv :f-1d:yyq ciently lightweight that they can run on top of water without breaking the surface tension. This is possible because the water, due to surface tension, exerts an upward force on the bottom of the bug's feet. Suppose that the maximum possible upward force on the feet of water bug A is F. Now suppose that water bug B is twice as big as bug A in every dimension. That is, bug B is twice as long, twice as wide, etc. What is the maximum upward force on the fyd-e2mb :f: ;ytvq1nieet of bug B?

  A plastic block of dimensions 2.00 cm x 3.00 cm x 4.00 c8hh1 :2fs ruelx+*pqfm has a mass of 30.0 g. What is its depse xlu:qh*8h f1r+f2nsity?

  A liquid has a specific gravity of 0.357. + k72701, x s k.l.wahxggvybicuor k5What is its density?

  A brick weighs 50.0 N, and measures 30.0 cm x 10.0 cm x 4.00 cm. Whah;uc*9(n izss t is the maximum pressure it can exert on a horis*in (scz;9uh zontal surface?

  A person weighing 90 kbo9c*gxixk( uc,+7o yemg)50 N is standing on snowshoes. Each snowshoe has area $2500 \; cm^{2}$. What is the pressure on the snow?

  How much pressure (absolute) must a submarine withsta7ih.ryh n/go7nd at a depth of 120.0 m in the oce7 orhi7g .nhy/an?

  A circular window of 30 cm diameter in a submarine can withstand a maximumlvkn.db:.:na .n/en yt2, boz force of bo/t n2 nv:lkdn.:.aen.byz ,$5.20 \times 10^{5} \; N$. What is the maximum depth in a lake to which the submarine can go without damaging the window?

  What is the gauge pressure if the absolute pressure g w 4szcy3a,/zal3rud)l -8rg is 300 kPa?

  What is the gauge pressure at a location 15.0 m below the sur/,yi *.kw b0 e8 czr:-ltoaf5kyiy7lfface of sea? (The density of seawater i, c5 /t:b.7fl8lya fwire0 zkoik*yy-s $1.03 \times 10^3 \; kg/m^{3}$.)

  What is the absolute pressureqhr8r yo+l0/u1 yc1tjqj7j n (t+q .tm at a location 15.0 m below the surface of sea? (The densityrm y.u( jrqt l780+joqhny1cq/tt 1+j of seawater is $1.03 \times 10^3 \; kg/m^{3}$.)

  A 500-N weight sits on the small piston oi8st,ml:,b:g p1w4 hj a khk-d0jn 8ehf a hydraulic machine. The small piston has arp a, hl,kk hme-d twbjn8shgj8 i40:1:ea $2.0 \; cm^{2}$. If the large piston has area $40 \; cm^{2}$, how much weight can the large piston support?

  In a hydraulic garage lift, the small piston has a radius of , dfp;6u19oi kdgvm8h r,-pnku:p ar45.0 cm and the large piston has a radius of 15 cm. kr,dorvu4k;hiu gfm 6adp-1 ,p 9p :8n What force must be applied on the small piston in order to lift a car weighing 20,000 N on the large piston?

  A 13,000 N vehicle is t56 0wjl v-bqbfx9c59zh00arr2cu si6k jz,fho be lifted by a 25 cm diameter hydraulic piston. What force needs to be jr5- h2b 00lzx 6,0fuqz 996avshc5rfkbiwjcapplied to a 5.0 cm diameter piston to accomplish this?

  The small piston of a hydraulic lift has a diameter of 8.0 cm, and itvz6-e0o ,v bza)3;g(gazpsm ys large piston has a diameter of 0 vyzp63)- m;ezggbaao,z( s v40 cm. The lift raises a load of 15,000 N.
(a) Determine the force that must be applied to the small piston    $N$ (fill in numerical value only)
(b) Determine the pressure applied to the fluid in the lift    $\times 10^5 \; Pa$ (fill in numerical value only)

  A block of metal weighs 40 N in air and .vbbwly4.g(p 30 N in water. What is the buoyant forc(b vyw.l4. bpge of the water?

  An object has a volume m7 a q0cm fki5o)2atx/of $4.0 \; m^{3}$ and weighs 40,000 N. What will its weight be in water?

  A 4.00-kg cylinder of solid iron is supported by a string whi6o ycc9vg 9*gvle submerged in water. What is the tension in6*ovg 9c 9cgvy the string? (The specific gravity of iron is 7.86.)

  If the density of gold is ae63khp2: sro7f7ddq$19.3 \times 10^3 kg/m^{3}$, what buoyant force does a 0.60-kg gold crown experience when it is immersed in water?

  A crane lifts a steel submarindz ny:f f8hbwo4p b l6cjoksr;3 .l,),e (density = $7.8 \times 10^3 \; kg/m^{3}$) of mass 20,000 kg. What is the tension in the lifting cable (1) when the submarine is submerged, and (2) when it is entirely out of the water?

  An object weighs 7.84 N when it is in air and 6.86 N when it is immersed iki.8/zlkxdu ag)o 88kn water. What is the specific dk8x8)ugz/ kia8 .ko lgravity of the object?

  A container of water is placedv 9rcu 5r. e8m1fzd/ob,5i nwn on a scale, and the scale reads 120 g. Now a 20-g piece of copper r.nbrc/e85d m91w,vn zio5uf(specific gravity = 8.9) is suspended from a thread and lowered into the water, not touching
the bottom of the container. What will the scale now read?

  A piece of aluminum with a mass 1os4 ikx.(:tws: ipje of 1.0 kg and density of $2700 \; kg/m^{3}$ is suspended from a string and then completely immersed in a container of water. The density of water is $1000 \; kg/m^{3}$.
(a) Determine the volume of the piece of aluminum    $\times 10^{-4} \; m^3$ (fill in numerical value only)
(b) Determine the tension in the string after the metal is immersed in the container of water $N$ (fill in numerical value only)

  A cylindrical rod of length 12 cm and diameter 2.0 cm will just bf c/,m28)zevm 2o ,u sad1spk0ul wwv1arely float in wateu0s, wd28zk/vs f21)uco mvw,al1pm er. What is its mass?

  A rectangular box of negligible mass measuo9 ajtes5))b q c ltg(uy/;7jnres 5.0 m long, 1.0 m wide, and 0.50 m high. How many kilograms of mass can be loaded onto the box befoy l7jtqc o)b)stg/ (uja9;en5re it sinks in a lake?

  A $1.0 m^{3}$ object floats in water with 20% of it above the waterline. What does the object weigh out of the water?

  An object floats with half its volume beneath the 7+hk+xc63+zwr v lo )0yvau3,l lfpeysurface of the water. The weight of the displaced water is 2000 N. What is tof6w),el hxy z303a l+c 7vyuk +plv+rhe weight of the object?

  A solid object floats in water with ea;fjh*,2y msqh s)0sthree-fourths of its volume beneath the surface. What is the object's densh0fs2mh e*s)j ;a ,yqsity?

  A 200-N object floats with three-fourths of its volume beneath the surfacf2e/hz otily3 opln4 .0z5 6fye of the water. What is the buoyant force on the objectlp z0 f4olzyy5 hi6e /t2o.n3f?

  A polar bear of mass 200 kg stands on an ice floe 100 cm th3 cmx -. /f5cc,hz8-zetfh(i r,vc dedick. What is the minimum areazx.m-fdhcec, vd z-f3rh(tice / ,85c of the floe that will just support the bear in saltwater of specific gravity 1.03? The specific gravity of ice is 0.98.

  Liquid flows through a pipe of diameter 3.0 cm at 2.0 m/s. Find the fl)hgm 9bcj samp.71 tb0nn)m 3cuj;km2ow rate.

  Liquid flows through a 4.0 cm dkja.qm09yt*x2x6qtq5 7o :5 owgalsmiameter pipe at 1.0 m/s. There is a 2.0 cm diameter restriction in the linexk6a5m5j.am:wt90 g xqo27s qlq tyo*. What is the velocity in this restriction?

  Water flows at 12 m/s in a horizontal pipe withu2g9 5heo f(zbunwh;4 a pressure of $3.0 \times 10^4 \; N/m^2$. If the pipe widens to twice its original radius, what is the pressure in the wider section?

  How much pressure does it take for a pump to supply a drinking fountain wjnh07t cu mnh29x1q/u ith 300 kPa, if the fountain is 30.0 m aujn n2 9mtqxhu07/ch1 bove the pump?

  A hole of radius 1.0 mm occurs in the bottom of a water storage tanjwv4 )lea+ d,fk that holds water at a depth of 15 m. At what rate willd4ew,+ )jfval water flow out of the hole?

  Water flows through a horizontal pipe of k.4d l(:hhnrjfa, /+ w (lj)ymxlkuy5 cross-sectional area $10.0 \; cm^{2}$ at a pressure of 0.250 atm. The flow rate is $1.00 \times 10^{-3} \; m^{3}/s$. At a valve, the effective cross-sectional area of the pipe is reduced to $5.00 \; cm^{2}$. What is the pressure at the valve?

  SAE No. 10 oil has a viscosity oba)mp.1z4 *+ j.juzjwcuyx t0,)rg mhf 0.20 Pa-s. How long would it take to pour 4.0 L of oil through a funnel with a neck 15 cm long and 2.0 cm in di *)gjc.xbwhjumz1 a yj.04 +zp,)mturameter? Assume the surface of the oil is kept 6 cm above the top of the neck, and neglect any drag effects due to the upper part of the funnel.

  Suppose that the build-up of fatty tissue on the wall of an artery decreas3jg7fmbgtflj5 t0oj 0o8dl;(ed the radius by 10%. By how much would the prej5 jlob8(7 dtfm3fgg0l 0j to;ssure provided by the heart have to be increased to maintain a constant blood flow?

  Two narrow tubes are placed in a pan of water. Tube A has twice the r:7emoc -gkx* diameter of tube B. If water rises 24 cm in tube A, how high o:rme7x*g k-cwill it rise in tube B?

  The surface tension of)qdhb0tngk0;yq td 9vjt3;u: water is 0.073 N/m. How high will water rise in a capillary tube of diametejyk9n;gu)d b: h t0;tvdq3q0tr 1.2 mm?

  232

  To what height would water at 0 degree Celsius rise in jq k(el+69 lxna glass capillary tube with a diametj+le 6xqnk (l9er of
0.50 mm?

  A narrow tube is placed vertically in a pan of water, and the water rises z/ rb -yfy-n,gj .e0dxin the tube to 4.0 cm above the level of the pan. The surface tension in the liquid is lowered to one-haj0.d /yn,xz-b -rfeyg lf its original value by the addition of some soap. What happens to the height of the liquid column in the tube?

  Consider a rectangular frame of length m tj0bp5 ot*tg qk+0p+0.120 m and width 0.600 m with a soap film formed within its confined area. If the surface tension of soapy water is 0.0260 N/m, how much force does the soap film exert on the 0.600 0pt5otm+q*gk+j t b0pm side?

  An adjustable rectangular frame has length 12 cm and width 5 ystw*0 .binbv ,)dtpuffc .2+uya: 3zcm, and is built in such a way that one of the longer sides can be mo wduf 3 z ba*i):sp0 tby2tv.n,cy.+ufved without bursting the soap film contained in the frame. Soapy water has surface tension 0.026 N/m. How much work is required to move the adjustable long side so that the frame is 12 cm square?