The three common phases of matter w2c;h s opa;yi0r*q /s0(hsw ware

  Density is

  Substance A has a density o. 1qw3.(wrc i0eavhh if $3.0 \; g/cm^{3}$ and substance B has a density of $4.0 \; g/cm^{3}$. In order to obtain equal masses of these two substances, the ratio of the volume of A to the volume of B will be equal to

  Pressure is

  Which of the following is not a ucza udifyzha0f-4wp1fl,/ 6 3nit of pressure?

  Consider three drinking glasses. All three have the same area;:sp / tc:bpjl;c2rlc base, and all three are filled to the same depth with water. Glass A is cylindrical. Glass B is wider at the top than at the bottom, and so holds more water than A. Glass C is narrower at the top than at the bottc l: 2b:ptcs;;pl/r jcom, and so holds less water than A. Which glass has the greatest liquid pressure at the bottom?

  What is the difference between the pressures inside and outside a tire callejl 9t(yi3 u-zid?

  When atmospheric pressure changes, whake,kglwro (h ; g 3y.t::yy2bat happens to the absolute pressure at the botto.a wethb k, 3l:: y(o;yy2ggrkm of a pool?

  You are originally 1.0 m benea ttcf0i5 8tfwig)s1a/th the surface of a pool. If you dive to 2.0 m beneath the surface, what happens to th/ttf5fis t0 )wcia18ge absolute pressure on you?

State Pascal's princikojk4 cmb3 o-5ple.

State Archimedes' priu *7tl0z;61 evfa lruhnciple.

  $50 \; cm^{3}$ of wood is floating on water, and $50 \; cm^{3}$ of iron is totally submerged. Which has the greater buoyant force on it?

  As a rock sinks deeper and deeper intm wqm4fym, 5ylcnp.. +o water of constant density, what happens to the buoy yyqm c,fn4+wl pm5.m.ant force on it?

  Salt water has greater density than fresh water. A boat floats in both freswh *fuo2z-y.u h water and *ozuf2u-hy.w in salt water. Where is the buoyant force greater on the boat?

  Salt water is more densu1cjo1bvzj )b:uqn+ /9y ok,j e than fresh water. A ship floats in both fresh water and salt water. Compared to the fresh water, the volume of watero,bq) jzy1u +u1/jjvb:n kco9 displaced in the salt water is

  A steel ball sinks in ith6f:l x(;uqic5sx/water but floats in a pool of mercury. Where is the buoyant force on the ball greatxucq t6liif;x h5(/s:er?

  A 10-kg piece of aluminum sits at the mr* ov*pom/dm23l aqhl a)j+ ,bottom of a lake, right next to a 10-kg piaamqvdo/ mh2*r3lo pmlj* +),ece of lead. Which has the greater buoyant force on it?

  A piece of iron rests on top of a pi0pg97z, z qewdece of wood floating in a bathtub. If the iron is removed from the wood, what happens to the wate9 7 wzpq,z0degr level in the tub?

  A piece of wood is floating in a batzp2gqv .q1) gutbs 5nn 3qr+psn17h+ghtub. A second piece of wood sits on top of the first piece, and does not touch the water. If the top piece is taken off and placed in the water, what hsz nh1ntqbsgp 25+ .q 73g+gqn)1purv appens to the water level in the tub?

  Water flows through a pipe. The diameter of the pipe at point B is largeiw8gyp*d,5t*qz z; 2cu yt3 arr than at point A. Where is the speed of *z iuc,g;yyta83 2tr zwdp5*qthe water greater?

  An ideal fluid flows at 12 m/s in a horizontal pipe. If the pipvet,+f) um vc3 ehw+v-e widens to twice its original radius, what is the flow speed in the w+ f-uv3 hv+cve,)tmw eider section?

  An ideal fluid flows atrln7 ):vqc tn3 12 m/s in a horizontal pipe. If the pipe narrows to half its :)c v ltnqn3r7original radius, what is the flow speed in the narrower section?

State Bernoulli's principle. )z/j w6w)w 3z3; 3svvjtcxfir

  Which one of the following is associatedvpn1+2e9lqcs. c kfy / with the law of conservation of energy iq ce.2k1lvpsny9+ f/cn fluids?

  As the speed of a moving fluid ro 7*yk 5pxd(pincreases, the pressure in the fluid

  Water flows through a pipe. The diameter of the pipe at point B is larger than ab 0p3cr2ljv3at point vrb3 2a0lp 3jcA. Where is the water pressure greatest?

  When you blow some air above a paper strip, the paper rises. 0mun-oa2oeo /j/nmjs ej (9;z This is because

  A sky diver falls through the air at terminal velocity. The force of air r jx-xuvf-6 r/ xd/bk5nq1 mhy4esistance on -bvx/xh k/yqmfxj5r1n 64d u- him is

  Two Styrofoam balls, of radii R and 2R, aremueww*a848zmihh np u-r0q -6 released simultaneously from a tall tower. Which will reach the ground r8hiawe8 zupwu0 - nm4-mq6h*first?

  When a small spherical rock of radius r falls through wawudh 3/wx6io )lh(wi3u l+g 3ater, it experiences a dra gwx+wwd3 6h o)ai( uulh/l3i3g force $F=arv$, where $v$ is its velocity and $a$ is a constant proportional to the viscosity of water. From this, one can deduce that if a rock of diameter 2.0 mm falls with terminal velocity, $v$, then a rock of diameter 4.0 mm will fall with terminal velocity .

  Which has the greatest effect on gz7yj2vbnbs)z.5vp - 3 llt46-lyv rnthe flow of fluid through a narrow pipe? That is, if you made a 10% change in each of the quantities below, which would ca- 4 )lyvg3zp6rnbb vnsl y-ljt7v2z.5use the greatest change in the flow rate?

  Two horizontal pipes are the same length, but pipe B has twice the diameter h0:rjo, c/;es w :dntxof pipe A. Water undergoes viscous flow in both pipes, subject to the same pressure difference acrosshd xrt; new/cj::s0 ,o the lengths of the pipes. If the flow rate in pipe A is Q, what is the flow rate in pipe B?

  Two horizontal pipes have the3sla ;5 5imqwmi;u+ cj same diameter, but pipe B is twice as long as pipe A. Water undergoes viscous flow in both pipes, subject to the same pressure difference across the lengths of the pipe3aiqclms5u;;ij 5 w m+s. If the flow rate in pipe B is Q, what is the flow rate in pipe A?

  When soup gets cold, it often tastes greasy. This "greasy" taste seems to be t yol6s4s9q98xf i-l kassociated with oil spreading out all over the surface of the soup, instead of staying in little globules. To us "physikers", this is readily explainedl s 6 9iyfslt-kqxo894 in terms of

  When a tube of diameter d is placed in water, the watqor6b-jr0w-8x 31mp l f9skdver rises to a height h. If the diameter08rmdjq3so9--l1 k f v wbprx6 were half as great, how high would the water rise?

  Certain insects, such as the water bug, olbtc drgg) kh2f5;s0g6 23tcm feal7iy (e+8 are sufficiently lightweight that they can run on top of watertfl);g bor6( e tic32 gmlfk5ad h8g7s0e2c+ y without breaking the surface tension. Water bug A has weight W. Water bug B is twice as big as bug A, in all dimensions. That is, bug B is twice as long, twice as wide, etc. What is the weight of bug B?

  Certain insects, such as the water bugke,wz0 ee)b z-x.,blr, are sufficiently lightweight that they can run on top of water without breaking the surface tension. This is possible because the water, due to surface tension, exerts an upward force on the bottom of the bug's feet. Suppose that the maximum possible upward force on the feet of water bug A iszbl)k,.ew,xe0 ez - br F. Now suppose that water bug B is twice as big as bug A in every dimension. That is, bug B is twice as long, twice as wide, etc. What is the maximum upward force on the feet of bug B?

  A plastic block of dimensions 2. cal925m u9dbg;yweu900 cm x 3.00 cm x 4.00 cm has a mass of 30.0 g. What is its density 2u5 u9cw99lmegydab;?

  A liquid has a specific gravity of 0.357. Wh,hp6hp1ji.w uj vpm) (*o9ota3h y5yhat is its density?

  A brick weighs 50.0 N, and measures 30.0 cm x 10.0 cm ny0u9wn56 r ud1htln 55yvl)g x 4.00 cm. What is the maximum pressure it can exert on a horizonta tundg9r5y5)nh u0 ln 6vw1yl5l surface?

  A person weighing 900 N is standing on snowshoes. Each snowshoe has area euyr i-)-6qi)ebrq3r $2500 \; cm^{2}$. What is the pressure on the snow?

  How much pressure (absolute)geuu0hzten get .vftd 1hk*,14*sot( mj, +q3 must a submarine withstand at a depth of 120.0 m in the oct,mgq1 *3e(jefzd k .sthg*hu4 vn+tt1 0e, ouean?

  A circular window of 30 cm diameter in a submarine can w(;n:zs ntpmmvws;t;5 ithstand a maximum force of sns;;v5w z(: mtp; tmn$5.20 \times 10^{5} \; N$. What is the maximum depth in a lake to which the submarine can go without damaging the window?

  What is the gauge pressure if c cflhb(2rzyt: (nx):+h9fawthe absolute pressure is 300 kPa?

  What is the gauge pressure at a location 15.d705yrorrhe1 0 m below the surface of sea? (The d0hyo51 r7 rdreensity of seawater is $1.03 \times 10^3 \; kg/m^{3}$.)

  What is the absolute prt.x y2k7w jmvehfw;z2i6t4 , gessure at a location 15.0 m below the surface of sea? (The densite 4t 6w2itzg;kvwj f,mhx7.2yy of seawater is $1.03 \times 10^3 \; kg/m^{3}$.)

  A 500-N weight sits on the small piston of a hydraul3sv czu6(dc z 5;ew/00icah xtic machine. The small piston has ca(d uz36hxtcsi5 ev0 ;/0zcwarea $2.0 \; cm^{2}$. If the large piston has area $40 \; cm^{2}$, how much weight can the large piston support?

  In a hydraulic garagev f56x1rnnha pht h-a8p0j8 q4 lift, the small piston has a radius of 5.0 cm and the large piston has a radius of 15 cm. What force must be applied on the small piston in order to lift h6hn 14- 8t aqpvhf8rxa 05jpna car weighing 20,000 N on the large piston?

  A 13,000 N vehicle is to be lifted by a 25 cm diameter hydraulic pi;-ujyr +6oeucf 5 jfs48+gpl aston. What force needs to be applie8 y jc4+ p s-jle+auuff6ro;5gd to a 5.0 cm diameter piston to accomplish this?

  The small piston of a hydraulic lift has a diameter of 8tk) pt+ .g:uys.0 cm, and its large piston has a diameter of 40 cm. The lift raises a load o tg)sut+.kp y:f 15,000 N.
(a) Determine the force that must be applied to the small piston    $N$ (fill in numerical value only)
(b) Determine the pressure applied to the fluid in the lift    $\times 10^5 \; Pa$ (fill in numerical value only)

  A block of metal weighs 40 N in air and 30 N in water. Whapitsd4m e2w bb8z0w:-t is the buoyant force of the bwdt 8 b z42:isep-mw0water?

  An object has a voluq mzq6nbtw.w7 h9.v3z me of $4.0 \; m^{3}$ and weighs 40,000 N. What will its weight be in water?

  A 4.00-kg cylinder of solid iron is supported by a string whilesup0;zw 6 r4ix submerged in water. Whr6 xp0s; iz4wuat is the tension in the string? (The specific gravity of iron is 7.86.)

  If the density of gold is zfym;1 i5h0 hqed*pf9$19.3 \times 10^3 kg/m^{3}$, what buoyant force does a 0.60-kg gold crown experience when it is immersed in water?

  A crane lifts a steel su3 j )lj8 5yrwbux ig/biy/(8id*5uvilbmarine (density = $7.8 \times 10^3 \; kg/m^{3}$) of mass 20,000 kg. What is the tension in the lifting cable (1) when the submarine is submerged, and (2) when it is entirely out of the water?

  An object weighs 7.84k3w6r enmrdk- y +3:re N when it is in air and 6.86 N when it is immersed in water. What is t-krrnkew e:md +336r yhe specific gravity of the object?

  A container of water is pla h-if e aczr+.l59d)i -(hgswcced on a scale, and the scale reads 120 g. Now a 20-g piece of copper (specific gravity = 8.9) is suspended from a thread and lowered into t5.s -c)+izl i e(fg whadrch9-he water, not touching
the bottom of the container. What will the scale now read?

  A piece of aluminum with a masb5x.e1lx8hqnuj j 5t0 s of 1.0 kg and density of $2700 \; kg/m^{3}$ is suspended from a string and then completely immersed in a container of water. The density of water is $1000 \; kg/m^{3}$.
(a) Determine the volume of the piece of aluminum    $\times 10^{-4} \; m^3$ (fill in numerical value only)
(b) Determine the tension in the string after the metal is immersed in the container of water $N$ (fill in numerical value only)

  A cylindrical rod of length 12 cm ancb,wr sd: vqg-mvr)1 9 xam2dv :iy84zd diameter 2.0 cm will just barely float in water. What is its mai1v xr-4m 8c w: ,zyv9qdm d)2bgv:srass?

  A rectangular box of negligible mass mea4 am;o2wf h/ jw*com)ksures 5.0 m long, 1.0 m wide, and 0.50 m high. How many kilograms of mass can be loaded onto the box before it sick;mjwoa wf 42/om* )hnks in a lake?

  A $1.0 m^{3}$ object floats in water with 20% of it above the waterline. What does the object weigh out of the water?

  An object floats with half its volume beneath the surface of th bk1*pxgyq;;))jsp xagh*(ghe water. The weight of the d(pa*jbx;*1x hqsp) y; gkh)ggisplaced water is 2000 N. What is the weight of the object?

  A solid object floats in water witho6 9s .r6( ybz.qivheo three-fourths of its volume beneath the surface. What is the object's do hzivbsq(r96e oy6 ..ensity?

  A 200-N object floats with three-fos. 4:srxgrnw 7urths of its volume beneath the surface of the water. What isw: n.rgsrx74s the buoyant force on the object?

  A polar bear of mass 200 kg stands on an ice floe 100 cm thick. Wh 8mq/k cfphq 4)h dyc 4 im8ekle525p6z+iyv.tat is the minimum area of the floe that will just support the bear in saltwater of specific gravity 1.03? The specif)ivh e.kfmqq iz44d8/6+y ly8hkmccp5ep 52tic gravity of ice is 0.98.

  Liquid flows through a pipe of diametenfc9j sgkf,wv-.8b9 cr 3.0 cm at 2.0 m/s. Find the flow rate.

  Liquid flows through a 4.0 cm diameter pipe at 1.0 m/s. There is a 2.0 5op4ftarh/3a cm diameter restriction in the line. What is the velocity in t4r/a3at5p foh his restriction?

  Water flows at 12 m/s in a horizontal pipe with a preqpsms e5 z +iv2/;f2old 0g+sbssure of $3.0 \times 10^4 \; N/m^2$. If the pipe widens to twice its original radius, what is the pressure in the wider section?

  How much pressure does it take for a pump qeosd0 f w7o:5to supply a drinking fountain with 300 kPa, if the fountain is 30.0 m above the7 dfw:5sq0ooe pump?

  A hole of radius 1.0 mm occurs in the bottom of a water storage tank that holds tnqt+bj3 zhq-t1sa/ v-f59 ddwater at a depth of 15 m. At what rate will water flow out of the hol tdta5-j+-qbnd3q vfst/9h1 ze?

  Water flows through a horizontal pipe of , ed;-v4wuapycross-sectional area $10.0 \; cm^{2}$ at a pressure of 0.250 atm. The flow rate is $1.00 \times 10^{-3} \; m^{3}/s$. At a valve, the effective cross-sectional area of the pipe is reduced to $5.00 \; cm^{2}$. What is the pressure at the valve?

  SAE No. 10 oil has a viszh eb(wocqlv4/ac .ji..npmyt -2 ao8z+s.f -cosity of 0.20 Pa-s. How long would it take to pour 4.0 L of oil through a funnel with a neck 15 cm long and 2.0 cm in diameter? Assume the surface of the oil is kept 6 cm above the top of the neck, and neglect any drag effects due to the upper part of the funnooemlc . w .ip(z2cbf/-t vhya 8 -a4+jsn..zqel.

  Suppose that the build-up of fai h 97(-hk7nu cae/ :hgr7nsertty tissue on the wall of an artery decreased the radius by 10%. By how much would the pressure provided by the hec:ha -7ek/gihh(r7unn es r79 art have to be increased to maintain a constant blood flow?

  Two narrow tubes are placed in a pan of water. Tube A has twice trb -4.5f)jyxt o8di pdhe diameter of tub)-b 5ytri4f8 jp.oxdde B. If water rises 24 cm in tube A, how high will it rise in tube B?

  The surface tension roy 8h(-w03 m1qow* naixjl3xqj,k3 iof water is 0.073 N/m. How high will water rise in a capillary tube of 1mlw w0a(ki -qy3ij38o x*xh ,3jnoqrdiameter 1.2 mm?

  232

  To what height would water at 0 degree Celsius rise in a glass capill:ms uw;4ci:ypp5gy -kary tube with a 5wu y ::4ycp;-isgmk pdiameter of
0.50 mm?

  A narrow tube is placed vertww5gkqkz ,l13 /zn hp.ru n:v6ically in a pan of water, and the water rises in the tube to 4.0 cm above the level of the pan. The surface tension in the liquid is lowered to one-half its original value by the addition of some soap. What wp n: rgvk .3unk6zzl/,q1 5hwhappens to the height of the liquid column in the tube?

  Consider a rectangular frame of length 0.120 m and width 0.600 m with a soap filrms p3c1. o8h(je hu/cm formed within its confined area. If the surface tension.rsu p8jeco hc1m3h/( of soapy water is 0.0260 N/m, how much force does the soap film exert on the 0.600 m side?

  An adjustable rectangular frame has length 12 cm and .br9*0m* dmh7, x xb-lenmkh3tabwe 3 width 5 cm, and is built in such a way that one of the longer sides can be moved without bursting the soap film contained in the frame. Soapy water7-exrmm.lw k 9,3*hnxbb*at3he0bm d has surface tension 0.026 N/m. How much work is required to move the adjustable long side so that the frame is 12 cm square?