The three common phases r72glzh6tu4nm((/vngc8qfu c k we1)of matter are

  Density is

  Substance A has a densitt8v rkd:;2u fvt8m/cmle5s 2k y of $3.0 \; g/cm^{3}$ and substance B has a density of $4.0 \; g/cm^{3}$. In order to obtain equal masses of these two substances, the ratio of the volume of A to the volume of B will be equal to

  Pressure is

  Which of the followi 8l1j y07x0e6) 6j ftr-74scjvlck)dibdacomng is not a unit of pressure?

  Consider three drinking glasses. All th h:mp m, 5ra1 4rclm/lbb0 nnu7qkbw0)ree have the same area base, and all three are filled to the same depth with wath 0 awpm/7,u0lbmq1rbrn blc5 )nkm4 :er. Glass A is cylindrical. Glass B is wider at the top than at the bottom, and so holds more water than A. Glass C is narrower at the top than at the bottom, and so holds less water than A. Which glass has the greatest liquid pressure at the bottom?

  What is the difference between the pressures inside and outside a tire calle 2pnw(1t hurt5(0sh zv5once6d?

  When atmospheric pressure chajyz.a;vx ut)k9 p *5njnges, what happens to the absolute pressure at the bot.vk;pj5 * )tjzaxynu 9tom of a pool?

  You are originally 1.0 m beneath the surface of a pool.c,:ooh /ia2h9)xlsh r If you dive to 2.0 m beneath the surface, what happens to the absoluteh)i,: s29o/ croah xhl pressure on you?

State Pascal's princip*)0t6hnhljil e .m76 kb2j/ emr0zqqfle.

State Archimedes' pr6dmh8 46. gexnr ,kpwvinciple.

  $50 \; cm^{3}$ of wood is floating on water, and $50 \; cm^{3}$ of iron is totally submerged. Which has the greater buoyant force on it?

  As a rock sinks deeper and deeper into water of constant d+ 2 ow3igk0 rv.owd)qfensity, what happens to tg0 + )q3.ov rowi2kfdwhe buoyant force on it?

  Salt water has greater density than fresh water. A boq68h2,p k.po if u.qybat floats in both fresh water and in so82k.p6bqu.,y qipf halt water. Where is the buoyant force greater on the boat?

  Salt water is more dense than fresh water. A ship floats in both fresh eyo-tpghe/ prs 67h-j xs27(pwater and salt water. Compared to the fresh w/pogsp -j6t7re(- he2 7xhspyater, the volume of water displaced in the salt water is

  A steel ball sinks in water but floats in a pool of mercpb g**gy3 the-q eml t7h,mijwym)h:-b-b9a-ury. Where is the buoyant g -q-yy*ta:j,e)-whti*bm phh 7 3g9bbmle-mforce on the ball greater?

  A 10-kg piece of aluminum sits at the bottom of a lake, right next to a 10-kg pi/19mw. 1cnz m qhbod4ecl6yy *nt6ho9ece of lead. Which hascm *9.cyyzb6ho n6hw/ m9 td11e4lqno the greater buoyant force on it?

  A piece of iron rests on top of a piece of wor8,z wq0j)2.ebc wg b:dqp3dhod floating in a bathtub. If the iro cdqq:e8 h.rz3bpd)g,w0jb w2n is removed from the wood, what happens to the water level in the tub?

  A piece of wood is floating in a bathtub. A second piece of wood sits onr;pkculxhxu,-4g3 qc 9p :px4 top of the first piece, and does not touch the water. If the top piece is taken off and p3g qlr4u,9cxpu; -4 xc:xhkp placed in the water, what happens to the water level in the tub?

  Water flows through a pipe. The diameter of the pipe at point B is larger.; jrfps5 tfo, than at po; .soft,5pjf rint A. Where is the speed of the water greater?

  An ideal fluid flows at 12 m/s q1c(z1 6pd tkvin a horizontal pipe. If the pipe widens to twice its original radius, what is the flow speed in the wider section?pkt1d zq(1 vc6

  An ideal fluid flows at 12 m/s in a horizontal pipe. If the pipe narrows to h ffqrm).5an 8e(h y/uwalf its original radius, what is the flow speed in the narrower sect)(nwa5mh 8yur / e.qffion?

State Bernoulli's prn,fk:nszz o ;7inciple.

  Which one of the following is associated with the law of conservation of en:kbe7eap86 jr p mqh:( +c7umiergy in f kp 8pj+7haree(: bc 7um:miq6luids?

  As the speed of a moving fluid increases, the i k.ixjm7g-: epressure in the fluid

  Water flows through a pipe. g nvru8f; a4hg-+bz,b The diameter of the pipe at point B is larger than at point A. Wb, gr+b4 ;-fav8 hgzunhere is the water pressure greatest?

  When you blow some air uza7(9+lq cwtmw.1y dabove a paper strip, the paper rises. This is because

  A sky diver falls through the air at terminal velocity. The force of 6j hi.w,rn3 q jzymhar- .**okair resistanhk wjro ym3,-jriqn *.*z.6hace on him is

  Two Styrofoam balls, of radii R and 2R, are released simultaneously fiy lr+tw0dnr0im2*k 9kn6s: crom a tall tower. Which will reach the grounsc *r+r :09i6y kl 20tndkniwmd first?

  When a small spherical rock of radius r falls through water, it x j1z/apgg;+)rk4 odz experiences a drag forg zkr xa4jp1o+/gz );dce $F=arv$, where $v$ is its velocity and $a$ is a constant proportional to the viscosity of water. From this, one can deduce that if a rock of diameter 2.0 mm falls with terminal velocity, $v$, then a rock of diameter 4.0 mm will fall with terminal velocity .

  Which has the greatest effect on the flow of flu gcw(1hm4 d38v- ekwpm x4h:p2c4 opv3tbjlq6id through a narrow pipe? That is, if you made a 10% change in each of the quantities below, which woulkc(p 6mc8 pmqx2obdvtj l143v wph44 :h-3egw d cause the greatest change in the flow rate?

  Two horizontal pipes are the same length, but pipe4.zm ols 6ti2x 9me7gq B has twice the diameter of pipe A. Water undergoes viscous flow in both pipes, subject to the same pressure difference across the lengths of the pipes. If the flow raqo tmge4l 62zsi.79mxte in pipe A is Q, what is the flow rate in pipe B?

  Two horizontal pipes have the same diameter, but picjdv3vhg8)aywf k, .c -6jd1dpe B is twice as long as pipe A. Water undergoes viscous flow in both pipes, subject to the same pressure difference across the lengths of the pipes. If the flow rate in pipe gwjh8 ckd.1)-avvf 63cd ,yd jB is Q, what is the flow rate in pipe A?

  When soup gets cold, it often tastes greasy. This "greasy" taste seems to be am0ajg bs 0kopmff *6+8ssociated with+ a8 o0g06*m mkpffsbj oil spreading out all over the surface of the soup, instead of staying in little globules. To us "physikers", this is readily explained in terms of

  When a tube of diameter d is placed in water, cc 7egkxg 0oni;kuyy3q(e 921the water rises to a height h. If the diameter were half as great, how high would the water ris i2(cyeky7u g0o cg9x1en;kq 3e?

  Certain insects, such as the water bug, are sufficiently lightweight that they cdexhgz hj1(+5jg h1i(4gct u3an run on top of water without breaking the surface tension. Water bug A has weight W. Water bug B is twice as big as bug A, in all dimensi4j3x1h 5hh z+(cgggu (idjt e1ons. That is, bug B is twice as long, twice as wide, etc. What is the weight of bug B?

  Certain insects, such as the w bekj l*by ccorij6v 89.l68r(ater bug, are sufficiently lightweight that they can run on top of water without breaking the surface tension. This is possible because the water, due to surface tension, exerts an upward forcbre c6cb8v8.y9kj(i* l6 lro je on the bottom of the bug's feet. Suppose that the maximum possible upward force on the feet of water bug A is F. Now suppose that water bug B is twice as big as bug A in every dimension. That is, bug B is twice as long, twice as wide, etc. What is the maximum upward force on the feet of bug B?

  A plastic block of dimensions 2.00 cm x 3.00 cm x 4.00 cm has a ms)s-o i i1add5ass of 30.0 g. What is iodsa1) ids5- its density?

  A liquid has a specif8f94 r*lkmx/o fuyu p1ic gravity of 0.357. What is its density?

  A brick weighs 50.0 N, 975h.dk.o. xdude jo4g m 7geiwv; u2rand measures 30.0 cm x 10.0 cm x 4.00 cm. What is the maximum pressure it can exert on a horizont .k;.4mod 5 h7 dode7euuw2jgvg9x.ri al surface?

  A person weighing 900 v ;bzz 5ha.aq.o;8/xn 2fcugtN is standing on snowshoes. Each snowshoe has area $2500 \; cm^{2}$. What is the pressure on the snow?

  How much pressure (absolute)76 - :)cdisrjgmaud( l must a submarine withstand at a depth of 120.0 m in the old jm:- )ia gucrsd7(6cean?

  A circular window of 30 cm diameter in a submarine can witpt ake89* mo* xbuw6:y5ltjdyi.52pf m,he ; ehstand a maximum force o 9t5mmbi yp;.*teyu:6k h8xeop,lj5ad*2 efwf $5.20 \times 10^{5} \; N$. What is the maximum depth in a lake to which the submarine can go without damaging the window?

  What is the gauge pressurezq62xrxb 0ob4 zpy6q8 if the absolute pressure is 300 kPa?

  What is the gauge pressm-:p gnt n1c:qh ,awc8ure at a location 15.0 m below the surface of sea? (The density of scptq: 1nn -wcg:,8maheawater is $1.03 \times 10^3 \; kg/m^{3}$.)

  What is the absolute pressure at a location 15.0 m below the surtxbim: m -8ia.:xo:q,e sip4rface of sea? (The density of seawater isirbmsq84t-x, a i.::xpi oe:m $1.03 \times 10^3 \; kg/m^{3}$.)

  A 500-N weight sits on the small piston of a hydraulic xc /u2 ,dr)tlymachine. The small piston has auxcl,2y)d r/ trea $2.0 \; cm^{2}$. If the large piston has area $40 \; cm^{2}$, how much weight can the large piston support?

  In a hydraulic garage 7 oym2;b9ipuclift, the small piston has a radius of 5.0 cm and the large piston has a radius of 15 cm. What force must be applied on the small piston in order to l pm2cou 7i9;ybift a car weighing 20,000 N on the large piston?

  A 13,000 N vehicle is to be lifted by a 25 cm diameter hydraulic piston. What fosjlm h3w;p)x t11rz -orce needs to be applied to a 5.0 cm diameter piston t -zw3mt)hxjr1lso 1p ;o accomplish this?

  The small piston of a hydraulic lift has a diameter of 8.0 cm, and i9kd4/)3ahy /m ewyigb ts large piston has a diameak 9yh/iw /dyg3e4m) bter of 40 cm. The lift raises a load of 15,000 N.
(a) Determine the force that must be applied to the small piston    $N$ (fill in numerical value only)
(b) Determine the pressure applied to the fluid in the lift    $\times 10^5 \; Pa$ (fill in numerical value only)

  A block of metal weighs 40 N in air and 30 N in water. Whans+vg f6:xo4ln8g qjo/ur 6p ,t is the buoyant force of the wate6xnp l6 s:4gvon/,8ojru +fqgr?

  An object has a volumeas w9r, v.3,/- gxykdo rke)wc of $4.0 \; m^{3}$ and weighs 40,000 N. What will its weight be in water?

  A 4.00-kg cylinder of solid iron is supporteddrqn 1zwdboy,cii y k(9: xj1dy/9 w71 by a string while submerged in water. What is the tension in the string? (The s:1dbi/kcwojyi x7 1qd(nz91w9 rdy y,pecific gravity of iron is 7.86.)

  If the density of gold is c4z /az s)u z5)bnh2hfz1k52fx xry3f$19.3 \times 10^3 kg/m^{3}$, what buoyant force does a 0.60-kg gold crown experience when it is immersed in water?

  A crane lifts a steel ta7mgfug5 bsc+cq7;6y lc3 7usubmarine (density = $7.8 \times 10^3 \; kg/m^{3}$) of mass 20,000 kg. What is the tension in the lifting cable (1) when the submarine is submerged, and (2) when it is entirely out of the water?

  An object weighs 7.84 3n--mh /l l(zpxu0 fmoN when it is in air and 6.86 N when it is immersed in water. Whatznmmx-f/ 3p -o(lh0 ul is the specific gravity of the object?

  A container of water is placed on a scale, and the scale reads 120 g. :: pneinth:4h Now a 20-g piece of copper (specific gravity = 8.9) is suspended fron in:p:th4:hem a thread and lowered into the water, not touching
the bottom of the container. What will the scale now read?

  A piece of aluminum with a mass of 1.0 kg hb*s t6 )k48jz61ea pfr+ ce0hswi9jrand density of $2700 \; kg/m^{3}$ is suspended from a string and then completely immersed in a container of water. The density of water is $1000 \; kg/m^{3}$.
(a) Determine the volume of the piece of aluminum    $\times 10^{-4} \; m^3$ (fill in numerical value only)
(b) Determine the tension in the string after the metal is immersed in the container of water $N$ (fill in numerical value only)

  A cylindrical rod of length 12 cm and diameter 2.0 cm will just brmh,/ao mt p+f/k y6:rarely float in wate 6ot/hy m,r+fprm:a k/r. What is its mass?

  A rectangular box of negligible mass measures 5.0 m long, 1.0 m wide, and 1xg422wy 0lkbzect6e 0.50 m high. How many e24x 10e6gztlw2yb c kkilograms of mass can be loaded onto the box before it sinks in a lake?

  A $1.0 m^{3}$ object floats in water with 20% of it above the waterline. What does the object weigh out of the water?

  An object floats with half its volume beneath the)sh lj.;)875q pysovhp cy,of surface of the water. The weight of the displaced water ip 5p)s7 )fovycy;oh s, lq8.jhs 2000 N. What is the weight of the object?

  A solid object floats in water with three-fourths of its volume bene) destklk7- l3fc8qx.p v)/59kcsc trath the surface. What is the object's de3)t /8pl-k vf)95 cxqtrcs7sk cl.kdensity?

  A 200-N object floats with three-fourths of its volume beneatli+bq p9m f6uj.n)pe5h the surface of the water. Wh)upq9ibflm +. pnje56at is the buoyant force on the object?

  A polar bear of mass 200 ks)wi,bs;f ya ,l6xw6s g stands on an ice floe 100 cm thick. What is the minimum area of the floe that will just support the bear in saltwater of specific gravity 1.03? The specific gy,f6xs b ;aw6ss),wliravity of ice is 0.98.

  Liquid flows through a pipe of diameter 3ze1pl kvmmqu692o e :3.0 cm at 2.0 m/s. Find the flow rate.

  Liquid flows through a 4.0 cm diameter pipe at 1.0 m/s. There is a 2.0 cm diam*or.aoe5o 64 k,zz xizeter restriction i5 x rok4zoae.z zi,o*6n the line. What is the velocity in this restriction?

  Water flows at 12 m/s in a horizontal pipe with a pressure ospx, w py 5el-.6k6kvpf $3.0 \times 10^4 \; N/m^2$. If the pipe widens to twice its original radius, what is the pressure in the wider section?

  How much pressure does it take for a pump to supply as(-d, a9 qeb*x( oyt lu1hzhoh z8lz,) drinking fountain with 300 kPa, if the fountain is 30.0 m abovobh(, z,hd(teyq8zz o* lsl9a) -uxh1e the pump?

  A hole of radius 1.0 mm occurs in the bottom of a water storage tank that holw u ;bx. h6l )-m;*m,ogonwac ,vo(twlds water at a depth of 15 m. At what rate will water flow out of the hvxm6o. wlm;wo w,, tlnb-*(a;cu go)hole?

  Water flows through a horizontal pipe of cross-secohln x2m(z 1eo73rd9htional area $10.0 \; cm^{2}$ at a pressure of 0.250 atm. The flow rate is $1.00 \times 10^{-3} \; m^{3}/s$. At a valve, the effective cross-sectional area of the pipe is reduced to $5.00 \; cm^{2}$. What is the pressure at the valve?

  SAE No. 10 oil has a viscosity e d8bx5rg,.zu8v b ima7 ya)79bylkd1of 0.20 Pa-s. How long would it take to pour 4.0 L of oil through a funnel with a neck 15 cm long and 2.0 cm in diameter? Assume the surface of the oil is kept 6 cm above the top of the neck, and negle,udb r8ime x7 a5y79)bbd1zk8ag ly. vct any drag effects due to the upper part of the funnel.

  Suppose that the build-up of fatty tissue on the wall of an artery decreased thewecq-hinlt)wwz;xgp;a2t 30 77ok i(ux x9* r radius by 10%. By how much would the pressure provided by the heart have to be increased to maintain a constant blood fluw7g tr2t lwn)i w*i-qc 07p ;3akz9x; x(oxehow?

  Two narrow tubes are placed in a pan of water. Tube Aur( w) ow,3kzu has twice the diameter of tube B. If water rises 24 cm in tube A, how high will it rise i (w k)ru,w3uozn tube B?

  The surface tension of water is 0.073 N/m. How high na4.byd0(o wx3 a )weo lqo8b2will water rise in a capillary tube of diametera2w0 e .d(4qnbw)o8o l3aobxy 1.2 mm?

  232

  To what height would water at 0 degree Celsius rise in a glass capillaxej6im1 qvf 9fde5* e.ry tube with a dia56f9je1 evdfexim. * qmeter of
0.50 mm?

  A narrow tube is placed vertically in a pan op hjh ux80.wbzj9- )mof water, and the water rises in the tube to 4.0 cm above the level of the pan. The surface tension in the liquid is lowered to one-half its original value by the addition of some soap. What happens to the height of t xuz)hbwo . mhp89j0j-he liquid column in the tube?

  Consider a rectangular frame of length 0.12m, mtv -u5ka-y0 m and width 0.600 m with a soap film formed within its confined area. If the surface ten-ay t ,5mk-umvsion of soapy water is 0.0260 N/m, how much force does the soap film exert on the 0.600 m side?

  An adjustable rectangular frame has length ldy+,+6ln3 za8 eywoi 12 cm and width 5 cm, and is built in such a way that one of the longer sides can be moved without bursti3,nd8i+ z6 + laeyylwong the soap film contained in the frame. Soapy water has surface tension 0.026 N/m. How much work is required to move the adjustable long side so that the frame is 12 cm square?