The three common phases of matter a7kks hmmm92xwd)wj-5re

  Density is

  Substance A has a density ofydqi/)w9 zx:tq4 -czboa -t )h $3.0 \; g/cm^{3}$ and substance B has a density of $4.0 \; g/cm^{3}$. In order to obtain equal masses of these two substances, the ratio of the volume of A to the volume of B will be equal to

  Pressure is

  Which of the following is not a unit of pressurer ndxjq0a lanq9 -c+ym305j*ut+ njz;?

  Consider three drinking glasses. All three have the sapk5l5n po51e5) qwz5z yhh;jwme area base, and all three are filled to the same depth with water. Glass A is cylindrical. Glass B is wider at the top thpp k5y) w;lhhq1ne5z5w5joz 5an at the bottom, and so holds more water than A. Glass C is narrower at the top than at the bottom, and so holds less water than A. Which glass has the greatest liquid pressure at the bottom?

  What is the difference between the h.nv7 d9qu0 ns3;zz ljpressures inside and outside a tire called?

  When atmospheric pressure changes, what happens to the absolute pressure at thek+e( 6fd :zzvy bottom of a pool?d: z ev6fzy+k(

  You are originally 1.0 m beneath the surface of a pool. If you dive to 2.0 m a(d mj/h. zs xab6 (kbn6tyj50beneath the surface, what.aksz x/65y6(jdthja (m 0bnb happens to the absolute pressure on you?

State Pascal's principr .j5p54r9f/jq4.ra ornja lple.

State Archimedes' prik ykx4v(oz, (c9mba; fnciple.

  $50 \; cm^{3}$ of wood is floating on water, and $50 \; cm^{3}$ of iron is totally submerged. Which has the greater buoyant force on it?

  As a rock sinks deeper and deeper into water of constant density, what szxg0pau lm*0(z1 t28el prs3 happens to the buoyant force on it0 gse82u1tr zamx0lp3 ps l(z*?

  Salt water has greater density than fresh water. A boat floats iyj+u1 lk as:/zmlc t;0n both fresh watert;l jly:0m /+acszk 1u and in salt water. Where is the buoyant force greater on the boat?

  Salt water is more dense than fresh wac lvga4jb5 m 7ha o0(sz0-rz8f-dma:eter. A ship floats in both fresh water and salt water. Compared to the fre7zgmb m00z-vhs(aarc 54jfo:d8a -l esh water, the volume of water displaced in the salt water is

  A steel ball sinks in water but floats in a pool of mercury. Wt sw oqd432 ah 3ozqo-jsr1.uc1xb 2z4here is the buoyant force on the ba1 .3 c21to -sqoszjh4owd 4bzqau2r3xll greater?

  A 10-kg piece of aluminum sits at the bottmei1afw2x4c d- k:ce) om of a lake, right next to a 10-kg piece of lead. Which has the greater buoyant force on xad1ec)m2ie -k:4cfwit?

  A piece of iron rests on top of a piece of wood floating in a bathte du8*v4b c1jeihn 8s,ub. If the iron is removed from the wooducdi,81vh en* j48be s, what happens to the water level in the tub?

  A piece of wood is floating in a bathtub. s(58 kjz+kxbkA second piece of wood sits on top of the first piece, and does not touch the wk(bkszj 5k+8xater. If the top piece is taken off and placed in the water, what happens to the water level in the tub?

  Water flows through a pipe. The diameter of the pipe at point B is larger ) 7obv6.me)syerfy)83 azevj than at point A.zems . 7e)8arv )3ovjfy e6)yb Where is the speed of the water greater?

  An ideal fluid flows at 12 m/s in a horizontal pipe. If t0;+ b6lineib ko 4rr;i0zwy6 dhe pipe widens to twice its original radius, what is the flow iy00w db4l;k ; bni6ri or6ez+speed in the wider section?

  An ideal fluid flows at 12 m/s in a horizontal pipe. Ivnv z5w. )yn+bf the pipe narrows to half its original radius, wwbnvy v z5)+.nhat is the flow speed in the narrower section?

State Bernoulli's princi+*gao u,uk zo4yii1m.ple.

  Which one of the following is associated with the lawt2 t0azrs//uv of conservation of energy in flr s0/vaz2/ tutuids?

  As the speed of a moving fluid+k2oq276/mei pi;an +sjal h o increases, the pressure in the fluid

  Water flows through a pipe. The diameter of the pi,z,3i8 v,t-pzxe u tl/ mfi,fepe at point B is larger than at point A. Where is ,zl-f ,m,xv if 3uz/te,tpie8the water pressure greatest?

  When you blow some air above a paper strip, the paper r-gysdaz jx2*8+kv r6: y hg5u 1rpgdw1ises. This is because

  A sky diver falls thj-kgjr7 v 8t4q*z+ sffrough the air at terminal velocity. The force of air resistance on h 4fq*gj8 vzs -j7+fkrtim is

  Two Styrofoam balls, of radii R and 2R, are released simultaneously mgfn8 h/aw/e )from a tall tower. Which will ref gnam8//h)w each the ground first?

  When a small spherical rock of radius r falls thru iyt57k4qqd -ough water, it experiences a drag forct45qi- k dy7que $F=arv$, where $v$ is its velocity and $a$ is a constant proportional to the viscosity of water. From this, one can deduce that if a rock of diameter 2.0 mm falls with terminal velocity, $v$, then a rock of diameter 4.0 mm will fall with terminal velocity .

  Which has the greatest effect on the flow o7d-) n)8du hn8nismpyf fluid through a narrow pipe? That is, if you made a 10% change in each of th y8ndps)nm8ud7 - ih)ne quantities below, which would cause the greatest change in the flow rate?

  Two horizontal pipes aretl(p,9,:mmgy bx /nxo the same length, but pipe B has twice the diameter of pipe A. Water undergoes viscous flow in both pipeson(mpxg:by /,x9t, lm, subject to the same pressure difference across the lengths of the pipes. If the flow rate in pipe A is Q, what is the flow rate in pipe B?

  Two horizontal pipes have the same diameter, but pipe zh xd/;foy*v4 B is twice as long as pipe A. Water undergoes viscous flo; h*vdxyzf/4o w in both pipes, subject to the same pressure difference across the lengths of the pipes. If the flow rate in pipe B is Q, what is the flow rate in pipe A?

  When soup gets cold, it often tastes greasy. This "greasy" tastbq6w(ja mr4 q8e seems to be associated with oil spreading out all over the surface of the soup, instead oq qja(8w4b6mr f staying in little globules. To us "physikers", this is readily explained in terms of

  When a tube of diameter d is placed v1hdi i bj1(+vv3ruq k vurp,w; ;3cb9in water, the water rises to a height h. If the +v9i(ch ,31 bk 3uwduvvr ;rpivb;q1j diameter were half as great, how high would the water rise?

  Certain insects, such as the water bug, are sufficienvqn4b:s 6r 8uwx0 4rzytly lightweight that they can run on top of water without breaking the surface tension. Water bug A has weight W. Water bug B is twice as big as bug A, in all dimensions. That is, bug B is twice as long, byx n:vqrsru0 w4z846 twice as wide, etc. What is the weight of bug B?

  Certain insects, such as theapcxa)npy ,*. water bug, are sufficiently lightweight that they can run on top of water without breaking the surface tension. This is possible because the water, due to surface tension, exerts an upward force on the bottompya ,.*c )npxa of the bug's feet. Suppose that the maximum possible upward force on the feet of water bug A is F. Now suppose that water bug B is twice as big as bug A in every dimension. That is, bug B is twice as long, twice as wide, etc. What is the maximum upward force on the feet of bug B?

  A plastic block of dimensions 2.00 cb2hx glu.sn-6 m x 3.00 cm x 4.00 cm has a mass of 30.0 g. sun62blg .- xh What is its density?

  A liquid has a specific 5ix 8 us8x4bjrgravity of 0.357. What is its density?

  A brick weighs 50.0 N, and measures 30.0 cm x 10.0 cm x 4.00 cm. What ) kalxtpxef 6-x2 e2f:is the maximum pressure it cp-2fl6xeafxe2t :)x k an exert on a horizontal surface?

  A person weighing 900 N is standing on snowshoes. Each sno4k ecy.3wsg2v) i dsd33,k tnuwshoe has area $2500 \; cm^{2}$. What is the pressure on the snow?

  How much pressure (absolute) must a submarine withstrqj2dz+ ;uirh2x2b-0i 9b. mumzo o+ sand at a depth of 120.0 m in the ocu 02bojoid2ubm;h9 r z-+q2m +.zsxriean?

  A circular window of 30 cm diameter in a subm-z0l ihp lnji+5t,e:z arine can withstand a maximum force of :+0 nzei-ipl,zhjt5l $5.20 \times 10^{5} \; N$. What is the maximum depth in a lake to which the submarine can go without damaging the window?

  What is the gauge pressure if the abd8cpjg (ss8+auol 6b nz42ef3solute pressure is 300 kPa?

  What is the gauge pressure at a location 15.0 m below the sury pf-n6kec9p 0,7obl eface of sea? (The density 07o ebefnypk c6,9 p-lof seawater is $1.03 \times 10^3 \; kg/m^{3}$.)

  What is the absolute pressure ae 4tt,.np,uq vbn+kc, t a location 15.0 m below the surface of sea? (The density of seawater ispt,. eknnq4 u+,c v,tb $1.03 \times 10^3 \; kg/m^{3}$.)

  A 500-N weight sits on the small piston of a h8 g1g7mdbc,t yydraulic machine. The small piston has areay,1ggm 7cbd 8t $2.0 \; cm^{2}$. If the large piston has area $40 \; cm^{2}$, how much weight can the large piston support?

  In a hydraulic garage lift, the smap+hr7e0fu j2c ll piston has a radius of 5.0 cm and the large piston has a radius of 15 cm. What force up07cfje+h2 r must be applied on the small piston in order to lift a car weighing 20,000 N on the large piston?

  A 13,000 N vehicle is to be lifted by a 25 cm diameter hybium /b6u*/ypv.f8rb+ 6wl f wv5y7pidraulic piston. What force needs to be applied to a 5.0 cm diameter piston t u87r/*bbbvpyy 5 v6mi.u+/i6fflwpw o accomplish this?

  The small piston of a hydraulic lift has a diameter of 8.0 cm, and itst m 0 p)x)lq 07pyczl9el1z0sj large piston has a diametelt0 z 0qmz 0)xly19e7 spplc)jr of 40 cm. The lift raises a load of 15,000 N.
(a) Determine the force that must be applied to the small piston    $N$ (fill in numerical value only)
(b) Determine the pressure applied to the fluid in the lift    $\times 10^5 \; Pa$ (fill in numerical value only)

  A block of metal weighs 40 N in air and 30 N in water. 4v:;wyrgyi2:w xfe) r uw5s ,fWhat is the buoyant force of the watw4sy:ugi,):rev;f yx2w wfr5er?

  An object has a volume of /l+; qmjc4wts $4.0 \; m^{3}$ and weighs 40,000 N. What will its weight be in water?

  A 4.00-kg cylinder of solid1kt+y*l6hi e( fi/vxn z(cv;h iron is supported by a string while submerged in water. What is ni/lhv1*e vzi6 th;(kc+fyx( the tension in the string? (The specific gravity of iron is 7.86.)

  If the density of go, unz.wfqv x34ld is $19.3 \times 10^3 kg/m^{3}$, what buoyant force does a 0.60-kg gold crown experience when it is immersed in water?

  A crane lifts a steel submarine (denmwb(vh u1kn +//mkh1cy-nbn7sity = $7.8 \times 10^3 \; kg/m^{3}$) of mass 20,000 kg. What is the tension in the lifting cable (1) when the submarine is submerged, and (2) when it is entirely out of the water?

  An object weighs 7.84 N when it is in air and 6.86 N when it is immersed 3n. q 1w5r yl-h:cvltkin water. What is the shryl.q v1c tln:3kw 5-pecific gravity of the object?

  A container of water is placed on a scale, and the scale readp pu,w6:,z gnns 120 g. Now a 20-g piece of copper (specific gravity = 8.9) i p:u,,wgnz 6pns suspended from a thread and lowered into the water, not touching
the bottom of the container. What will the scale now read?

  A piece of aluminum with a mass of 1.0 kg and density of uk7 lu,wd,n4 y ji cqe:def s8-pfy0n(c0 (cg/$2700 \; kg/m^{3}$ is suspended from a string and then completely immersed in a container of water. The density of water is $1000 \; kg/m^{3}$.
(a) Determine the volume of the piece of aluminum    $\times 10^{-4} \; m^3$ (fill in numerical value only)
(b) Determine the tension in the string after the metal is immersed in the container of water $N$ (fill in numerical value only)

  A cylindrical rod of length 12 cm and diameter 2.0 cm will just barely float in-gh*pt zhp.2hfkm9aza ,gy+ : water. Why +:phzhtgahkf, p 29g.z* am-at is its mass?

  A rectangular box oft5+jbgx(emk/5p )ic l negligible mass measures 5.0 m long, 1.0 m wide, and 0.50 m high. How many kilograms of mass can bepk /emigx5lbcjt5 ()+ loaded onto the box before it sinks in a lake?

  A $1.0 m^{3}$ object floats in water with 20% of it above the waterline. What does the object weigh out of the water?

  An object floats with half itsgbwb*17p ,rqg + :ljiu volume beneath the surface of the water. The weight of the diig gbur ,+q*jwl1p7b:splaced water is 2000 N. What is the weight of the object?

  A solid object floats in waterw0pxi:25r yvvs4 mh)c with three-fourths of its volume beneath the surface. What is the object'sr0pcsy:5 )vhx2 m wi4v density?

  A 200-N object floats with three-f 7 vye12ugwle+ourths of its volume beneath the surface of the water. We1leyg+72 uvwhat is the buoyant force on the object?

  A polar bear of mass 200 kg stands on an ice floe 100 cm thictn)drgm*7i ull9*)oo k. What is the minimum area of the floe that will just support the bear in saltwater of specific gravity 1.03? The specific gravity of ice isugldor9m)*nto 7 *li ) 0.98.

  Liquid flows through a pipe of diameter 3.0 cm at 2.0 m/s. Find c*at3cxw9 g22* oprjz ct w2r1kuj,*nthe flow rate.

  Liquid flows through a 4.0 cm diameter pipe at 1.0 m/s. Thera5vl)z4oupo w t1g8)k ;*lbxge is a 2.0 cm diameter restriction in the line. What is the velocity il1* v8aogp4bg;u x )5wtozlk)n this restriction?

  Water flows at 12 m/s in a horizn.cip-ls flajr )1y30do + m+eontal pipe with a pressure of $3.0 \times 10^4 \; N/m^2$. If the pipe widens to twice its original radius, what is the pressure in the wider section?

  How much pressure does it take for a pump to supex.p/y.fhgm. jzsu 2m xmz..1ply a drinking fountain with 300 kPa, if the fountain is 30.0 m above the pumpmj 2.pez... uzh/xm gsfx.m y1?

  A hole of radius 1.0 mm occurs in the bottom of a w6s s2x;bt icyq(utluy6jm;s13 1b2/3xv u chzater storage tank that holds water at a depth of 15 m. At what rate will water flow out of the hole?1(;tv 3/ cju326 2bsmbz6s lu ;yqxciut1syxh

  Water flows through a horizontal pipefiyc/p9+m7yj .x.yt r 1hn8a a of cross-sectional area $10.0 \; cm^{2}$ at a pressure of 0.250 atm. The flow rate is $1.00 \times 10^{-3} \; m^{3}/s$. At a valve, the effective cross-sectional area of the pipe is reduced to $5.00 \; cm^{2}$. What is the pressure at the valve?

  SAE No. 10 oil has a viscosity of 0.20 Pa-s. How lonoyzf6sfjgfq4y2*xmo q 6 . n7(g would it take to pour 4.0 L of oil through a funnel with a neck 15 cm long and 2.0 cm in diameter? Assume the surface of the of q6o*4josz (y7q.m 62yfgnxfil is kept 6 cm above the top of the neck, and neglect any drag effects due to the upper part of the funnel.

  Suppose that the build-xm7rn-9l 7v;ggqgqd ; up of fatty tissue on the wall of an artery decreased the radius by 10%. By how much would the pressure provided by the heart have to be 9x7m;-qrn ggd ;7qvlgincreased to maintain a constant blood flow?

  Two narrow tubes are placed in a pan of water. ctir.wm1b y ic3e; -y1 Tube A has twice the diameter of tube B. If water rises 24 cm in tu -tiw.3yc 1y;iec1rmb be A, how high will it rise in tube B?

  The surface tension of f:vou/0w(c lg: (ruk385vy ze l o-livaiw0.ewater is 0.073 N/m. How high will water rise in a capillary tube of diameter 1.2oyvevu0a8( .(-:lwizr i l g lowukf 3e0/5:cv mm?

  232

  To what height would water at 0 degree Celsius ad5*s 2 -xx fuxeneu/,rise in a glass capillary tube with a di-* n ade ,xsx2x/euu5fameter of
0.50 mm?

  A narrow tube is placed vertically in a pan of water, and the water rises in tgz,io7o0 oen -he tube to 4.0 cm above the level of the pan. The surface tension in the liquid is lowered gi,o7e-0 nozoto one-half its original value by the addition of some soap. What happens to the height of the liquid column in the tube?

  Consider a rectangular frame of length 0.120 m and width 0.600 m zbhm,r .b1x8 vcnuzeb5/ ) fh)with a soap film fobxe 5,z/z1 mv8nrbf.uchb h))rmed within its confined area. If the surface tension of soapy water is 0.0260 N/m, how much force does the soap film exert on the 0.600 m side?

  An adjustable rectangular frame has length 12 cm ana +: : *p;ymgnizmdpfc6; bck*d width 5 cm, and is built in such a way that one of the longer sides can be moved without bursting the soap film contained in the frame. Soapy water has surface tension 0.026 N/m. How much work is required to move the adjustable long side so tha+cgm ;fmy :* n:pikzb* ;cad6pt the frame is 12 cm square?