The three common phasesplx d p5ml r8ch+l*6o; of matter are

  Density is

  Substance A has a density y05-uap:9 clg3yylpb of $3.0 \; g/cm^{3}$ and substance B has a density of $4.0 \; g/cm^{3}$. In order to obtain equal masses of these two substances, the ratio of the volume of A to the volume of B will be equal to

  Pressure is

  Which of the following is not a u-at8n + wxa5wynit of pressure?

  Consider three drinking glasses. All mys1m,r- t/akj7*a5lbx1oys three have the same area base, and all three are filled to the same depth with water. Glass A is cylindrical. Glass B is wider at the top than at the bottom, and so holds more water than A. Glass C is narrower at the top than at the bottom, and so holds less water than A. Which glass /, 5al1m*aybr -xom 1stkyjs7 has the greatest liquid pressure at the bottom?

  What is the difference between the press7kxy. ,a.:elc tcrae4(l)gh q ures inside and outside a tire called?

  When atmospheric pressure changes, what happens to the absolb *57 6wrvlubc0 r9gg iaqbk/*ute pressure at the bottom of *9 bc k lw6v r0/*iru7bagbq5ga pool?

  You are originally 1.0 m beneath thigzrq y2 0)gd)e surface of a pool. If you dive to 2.0 m beneath the surface, whazg )gq)iyd r02t happens to the absolute pressure on you?

State Pascal's princip . cq t,n;i8-/luujjagle.

State Archimedes' princinf3 :yxb lmncj2p/h )9ple.

  $50 \; cm^{3}$ of wood is floating on water, and $50 \; cm^{3}$ of iron is totally submerged. Which has the greater buoyant force on it?

  As a rock sinks deeper and deeper into water of constant density, what f5w*v: 7:ks8ww +kdy:vvzh58cf k vtp happens to ttf:8*zsd v cv5 w7 kpyv+vk 8kw:w5hf:he buoyant force on it?

  Salt water has greater density than bio -0ys1tzmkf72kcbz x r9ki86). oy fresh water. A boat floats in both fresh water and in salt water. Where is the bs)b7iyr.i o1bkk80fz9 otk zm y- 6xc2uoyant force greater on the boat?

  Salt water is more dzn:vq to2s+.r ense than fresh water. A ship floats in both fresh water and salt water. Compared to the fresh water, the volume of water displaced+v2q rzn:o s.t in the salt water is

  A steel ball sinks in water but floats in a pool of 8aksc( g:ql4cmercury. Where is the buoyant force on the ball qck(l:s4a g 8cgreater?

  A 10-kg piece of aluminum sits at the bottom of a lake, right nexfwfg-mg92n s9e. g ii8t to a 10-kg piece of lead.i-g9gfef28im9 w gsn. Which has the greater buoyant force on it?

  A piece of iron rests on top of a piece of wood floating in a bathtub. If the iry*km1 fcc nohvj14 .8uon is removed from the wood, what happens to the water level in thec 41 o.hcyfuk8vjn*1m tub?

  A piece of wood is floating -4g l0bmhh5rt,7 q wv dmw.m*vin a bathtub. A second piece of wood sits on top of the first db,4vtg5r.07q*mw-lm whhm vpiece, and does not touch the water. If the top piece is taken off and placed in the water, what happens to the water level in the tub?

  Water flows through a pipe. The diameter of the wdgdbv5r35y/fj3wqk i1 6 byk ;v70g zpipe at point B is larger than at point A. Where is q yv bifg zw310krdk/v5yb65 w;dg 37jthe speed of the water greater?

  An ideal fluid flows at 12 m/s in a horizontal pipe. If the pipe widenw)fe3ofwbo7ri.be mhmxb,+qgp)h ,4e (q x7/ s to twice its original radius, what is the flow speed in t ,be))xbpfmq( iwho7hx qe7 oe/b 3g, mw4f.+rhe wider section?

  An ideal fluid flows at 12 m/s in a horizontal pipe. If the pipebd* g(emw(j ,xz xu)a8 narrows to half its origingw 8 ,*dxmu( jea)bx(zal radius, what is the flow speed in the narrower section?

State Bernoulli's principler8aqr 1h vdp*r ahrqdqv s,)rz8-.(m).

  Which one of the following is associated w 1d0b i5rwep qyu7g21rith the law of conservation of energy in fluidrri0ubdp w2 1e 75gy1qs?

  As the speed of a movin wp/*)zruw 30ehre8oj g fluid increases, the pressure in the fluid

  Water flows through a pipe. The diameter of the pipe at point B is lar5 8qjd1mc;yze; pn c7oger than 8djzq 5np ; 17mccey;oat point A. Where is the water pressure greatest?

  When you blow some air above a paper stri9k5 wid *e p++)wa0yw9ukihr kp, the paper rises. This is because

  A sky diver falls through the air at terminal velocity. The force of air resi33x+l,r mdq8erg c7o/d i*/1piyw)s gq fyh w6stance on hi d/ody*pse33cggw1 7f+ y68whq rx/)iqr,l mim is

  Two Styrofoam balls, of radii R and 2R, arwky.rx(urnj 8-0k 4k ne released simultaneously from a tall tower. Which will reach the ground fi-x4 rykwnn0urj8( .kkrst?

  When a small spherical rock of radius r falls through water, it 2d n+iu.;j- y ozvk.ifexperiences a drag uii-+jdv 2nk; z..oyf force $F=arv$, where $v$ is its velocity and $a$ is a constant proportional to the viscosity of water. From this, one can deduce that if a rock of diameter 2.0 mm falls with terminal velocity, $v$, then a rock of diameter 4.0 mm will fall with terminal velocity .

  Which has the greatest effect on the flow of fluid through a narrow pt; 2/r4t6gsha *dgzqgipe? That is, if you made a 10% change in each of the quantities below, which would cause the greatest change in the flow rat 2gs/gaq4 g* t;zt6drhe?

  Two horizontal pipes are the same length, but pipe B has twicfi5qh*nab.r m6w qxzk4p)93h e the diameter of pipe A. Water undergoes viscous flow in both pipes, subject to the same pressure difference across the lengths of the pipes. If the flow rate in pipe A is Q, what is thk .xfb3 nr)q9pzq5 hmi 46wah*e flow rate in pipe B?

  Two horizontal pipes have t x6oq(j37/dmvmd bvm 4o:5wnghe same diameter, but pipe B is twice as long as pipe A. Water undergoes viscous flow in both pipes, subject to the same pressure difference across the lengths of th g:o4o5 wm3mjd(mxq bn7d v/6ve pipes. If the flow rate in pipe B is Q, what is the flow rate in pipe A?

  When soup gets cold, it often tastes greasy. This "greasy" taste snrtbuq 9u2xhkj, dv+1qlc ;72eems to be associated with oil spreading out all over the surface of the s1jqd b+v,2 9t7 q;uknr2cux hloup, instead of staying in little globules. To us "physikers", this is readily explained in terms of

  When a tube of diameter d is placed in water, the water rises ql3u7:(2 g s nt/fpfhoto a height h. If the diameter hqfs2/f tl: u(7pog3n were half as great, how high would the water rise?

  Certain insects, such as the water bug, are sufficiently lightweight that7a9r+vpkh08 ath(jj- eco1.j w0gamc they can ru 8wm-0ojah.jr 1ack ap7ec09+ v( tjghn on top of water without breaking the surface tension. Water bug A has weight W. Water bug B is twice as big as bug A, in all dimensions. That is, bug B is twice as long, twice as wide, etc. What is the weight of bug B?

  Certain insects, such as the water bug, are sufficiently lightweight rpo csexc:y4,3)ql9 q that they can run on top of water without breaking the surface tension. This is possible because the water, due to surface tension, exerts an upward force on the bottom of the bug's feet. Suppose that the maximum possible upward force on the feet of water bug A is F. Now suppose that water bug B is twice acce3y9s) rxq,ol qp:4 s big as bug A in every dimension. That is, bug B is twice as long, twice as wide, etc. What is the maximum upward force on the feet of bug B?

  A plastic block of dimensions l (pzeufm2sz 7t.90sy2.00 cm x 3.00 cm x 4.00 cm has a mass of 30.0 g. What is its densitysf 2elty9z s0u(mp 7.z?

  A liquid has a specific ggoh b9r118gj5aa s b)hravity of 0.357. What is its density?

  A brick weighs 50.0 N, and m oa-i9m)3j9 wvc uzh3measures 30.0 cm x 10.0 cm x 4.00 cm. What is the maximum pressure it can exert on auwcz9 vmmoh3i9 j3a-) horizontal surface?

  A person weighing 900 N is standing on snowsyts(tw- v. 1k ixc1)fuhoes. Each snowshoe has area $2500 \; cm^{2}$. What is the pressure on the snow?

  How much pressure (absolute) must a submarine withstand at a depth oqe- cfynub:dd50hz* h-u q3;-gd 4ogmf 120.0 m in the obdmg;f-4hdnoz:-c qh 0e q-u y*d35 ugcean?

  A circular window of (hn0fxn;pt ja/ g y/:tfv3.si30 cm diameter in a submarine can withstand a maximum force ofyn(0iv;/./f x3 ftjp gasn:ht $5.20 \times 10^{5} \; N$. What is the maximum depth in a lake to which the submarine can go without damaging the window?

  What is the gauge pres4ng)u/0a 2mlb sddo3 bsure if the absolute pressure is 300 kPa?

  What is the gauge pressure at a location 15.0 m below the surface of sea? zgb3k .5ijv+n zf/0 2ykb 2gsc(The density of s5c2 +ygv3gz f.jbbk i/2zk0nseawater is $1.03 \times 10^3 \; kg/m^{3}$.)

  What is the absolute pressure at a locatiozv;frqu7mlk 3wsm *cwy68s 4uaa j1/7n 15.0 m below the surface of sea? (The density w*m3szlf /1ua 8 yw47m k7u6 v;asqcrjof seawater is $1.03 \times 10^3 \; kg/m^{3}$.)

  A 500-N weight sits on the small piston of a hydraulic machine. The small pi veamfbyx ;0:(vfg8fx q 9;sw(ston has area qyab;;f sxvm(: fe8 gwv 0x(9f$2.0 \; cm^{2}$. If the large piston has area $40 \; cm^{2}$, how much weight can the large piston support?

  In a hydraulic garage lift, the small piston has a radiusgi5r2o 76pgwfqn :h 0x of 5.0 cm and the large piston has a radius of 15 cm. What force must bewn0p:qiogx67 r 5 2gfh applied on the small piston in order to lift a car weighing 20,000 N on the large piston?

  A 13,000 N vehicle is to be lifted by )o qdq, b2k,6gm( 6cjbog+l oia 25 cm diameter hydraulic piston. What force needs to be applied to a 5.0 cm diameter piston to accomplishg mq, c+ooojbk6gib2()q6d ,l this?

  The small piston of t3buv;at5oz +riy,m+ a hydraulic lift has a diameter of 8.0 cm, and its large piston has a diameter of 40 cm. The lift raises a load of 1,3vtatzr+5+u o;biy m5,000 N.
(a) Determine the force that must be applied to the small piston    $N$ (fill in numerical value only)
(b) Determine the pressure applied to the fluid in the lift    $\times 10^5 \; Pa$ (fill in numerical value only)

  A block of metal weighs 40 N in air and 30 N in water. y+v/ 0;kbpi lnq,t8ob - ctf0i What is the buoyant force bittc8ik/b- vq ,00+npy;o flof the water?

  An object has a volumaw-na0h6qqir/*t bk fi/wm44e of $4.0 \; m^{3}$ and weighs 40,000 N. What will its weight be in water?

  A 4.00-kg cylinder of solid62lxidjr9vl dh b0q0bfe82 v/l;o / gd iron is supported by a string while submerged in water. What is the tension in the string?b9l qg ebvxj/;2ddd lr28flo/i6vh0 0 (The specific gravity of iron is 7.86.)

  If the density of gold ie62z cv0xp7hpx.c- tps $19.3 \times 10^3 kg/m^{3}$, what buoyant force does a 0.60-kg gold crown experience when it is immersed in water?

  A crane lifts a steel.uq ti:/lia a: submarine (density = $7.8 \times 10^3 \; kg/m^{3}$) of mass 20,000 kg. What is the tension in the lifting cable (1) when the submarine is submerged, and (2) when it is entirely out of the water?

  An object weighs 7.84 N when it is in air and 6.86 N when it is immersed in watej, k2f nswcg4p( rq;d,r. What is the specific gravity of the object(k,4srqj ;dwfg,2cpn ?

  A container of water is placed on 83 jxb2w9kk escal bn3qn a /a:*ggo8,a scale, and the scale reads 120 g. Now a 20-g piece of copper (specific gravity = 8.9) is suspended from a thread and lowered intoabk 8aal9no/cx wgkb8n s ,32e*3:jq g the water, not touching
the bottom of the container. What will the scale now read?

  A piece of aluminum with76r6w2ptnd sj a mass of 1.0 kg and density of $2700 \; kg/m^{3}$ is suspended from a string and then completely immersed in a container of water. The density of water is $1000 \; kg/m^{3}$.
(a) Determine the volume of the piece of aluminum    $\times 10^{-4} \; m^3$ (fill in numerical value only)
(b) Determine the tension in the string after the metal is immersed in the container of water $N$ (fill in numerical value only)

  A cylindrical rod of length 12 cm and diameter 2.0 cm will just bareldx 9qza s5 l+vug)5/mbjkw.n8 y float in wateg5m5bw sva/8+d . kzn ulxq)j9r. What is its mass?

  A rectangular box of negligibleevm/ohz1 lvr-c)/ h (a mass measures 5.0 m long, 1.0 m wide, and 0.50 m high. How many kilograms of mass can be loaded onto theh om// 1l-ve(zar v)ch box before it sinks in a lake?

  A $1.0 m^{3}$ object floats in water with 20% of it above the waterline. What does the object weigh out of the water?

  An object floats witf n bz(2dg*tzvb ) z;b0nkql84h half its volume beneath the surface of the water. The weight of the displaced water is 2000 N. What is the weight l 2tg (b8)zk*zfd n4bn vqz;b0of the object?

  A solid object floats in water with three-fourths of ito;b.y.y2bc egs volume beneath the surface. What is ybbc . ge.y;o2the object's density?

  A 200-N object floats with three-fourths of its volume.is/k x. qz l2eags8+r beneath the surface of the water.r+es. 28 x isalqgk./z What is the buoyant force on the object?

  A polar bear of mass 200 kg stands ooa* 6 9yzlll,hn an ice floe 100 cm thick. What is the minimum area of the floe that will just support the bear in saltwater of specific gravity a,6hlzl* oyl 91.03? The specific gravity of ice is 0.98.

  Liquid flows through a pipe of diameter 3.0 cm at 2.0 m/s. Find the flow ra r m5h21b6qga0ygi2*un5t vph te.

  Liquid flows through a 4.0 cm diameter pipe at 1.4w0o f0),mgf;0dytpt9y1t m g hb/ jfv0 m/s. There is a 2.0 cm diameter restriction in the lihy0pm gtf,9ot4fwvd0 /j b;fg0t1)myne. What is the velocity in this restriction?

  Water flows at 12 m/s in a horizontal pipe with a pressure sq2; 7;1k lg te- qpr82 obgbz1yrifq0of $3.0 \times 10^4 \; N/m^2$. If the pipe widens to twice its original radius, what is the pressure in the wider section?

  How much pressure does it take for a pump to supply a drinking fountain w0o a9;fuprw9kith 300 kPa, if the fountain is 30.0 m above the pump? 9w0f9orp; kau

  A hole of radius 1.0 mm occurs in the bottom of a water storage /kb0 a2cix;pmoj7lg:tank that holds water at a depth of 15 m. At what rate will water flow out of the ho:g0lkp 2mcji 7obx/; ale?

  Water flows through a horizonta)egs0n- zki)ff/;c/q,hhq u al pipe of cross-sectional area $10.0 \; cm^{2}$ at a pressure of 0.250 atm. The flow rate is $1.00 \times 10^{-3} \; m^{3}/s$. At a valve, the effective cross-sectional area of the pipe is reduced to $5.00 \; cm^{2}$. What is the pressure at the valve?

  SAE No. 10 oil has a viscosity of 0.b) p*m5ph+tg0fs cep ;20 Pa-s. How long would it take to pour 4.0 L of oil through a funnel with a neck 15 cm long and 2.0 cm in diameter? Assume the surface of the oil is kept 6 cm above the top of the neck, and neglect any drag effects due to the uppsh; bg cpt*)+m ef0p5per part of the funnel.

  Suppose that the build-up of fatty tissue on the wall o1mqwas7hqqrz 7k( 4g*f an artery decreased the radius by 10%. By how much would the pressure provided by the heart have to be increased to maintain a constant bloodqs mw1q*hq( g4rkz 7a7 flow?

  Two narrow tubes are plan 3 :6nhzr7eqdced in a pan of water. Tube A has twice the diameter of tube B. If water rises 24 cm in tube A, how high will it r 76nzeqn:dh 3rise in tube B?

  The surface tension of water is 0.073 N/m. How high will water rise in a capilhkr2kll +j:j3je 4 n-xlary tube of dljlh2kk-4x jn+: j3er iameter 1.2 mm?

  232

  To what height would water at 0 degree Celsius rise in a l:hrv:h ltw6)y:zho( glass capillary tube with a o wl )6h (y:vhlrh:tz:diameter of
0.50 mm?

  A narrow tube is placed vertically in a pan of water, and the water5wm yiq2upe:2tn *b,u rises in the tube to 4.0 cm above the level of the pan. The surface tension in the liquid is lowered to one-half its original value by the addition of some soap. What happi,ub nq*m:ywue52t p2ens to the height of the liquid column in the tube?

  Consider a rectangular frame of length 0.120 m and width 0.600 mluz.ac+m) :fdio ,j-n with a soap film formed within its confined area. If the surface tension of soapy water is 0.0260 N/m, how much force does the s- .+):icuj amfzolnd, oap film exert on the 0.600 m side?

  An adjustable rectangular frame has length 12 cm and4i+6 *vr fr 4y7m)uoyr/sdkds width 5 cm, and is built in such a way that one of the longer sides can be moved without bursting the soap fi )r+* vdm6uydo47frss yik 4/rlm contained in the frame. Soapy water has surface tension 0.026 N/m. How much work is required to move the adjustable long side so that the frame is 12 cm square?