The three common phases of matter a96uudgx, ms0gre

  Density is

  Substance A has a densi- -uzzqj-ky*x+.wkeb ty of $3.0 \; g/cm^{3}$ and substance B has a density of $4.0 \; g/cm^{3}$. In order to obtain equal masses of these two substances, the ratio of the volume of A to the volume of B will be equal to

  Pressure is

  Which of the following is not a unit of dl hxo: /o4j15 r z )j8n4jr1pghen,kq w9rq+qpressure?

  Consider three drinking glasses. All three have the sat, c i(vp-u ac06(s/df v)extqme area base, and all three are filled to the same depth with water. Glass A is cylindrical. ac (eqpi(0s6/tt-uf)vxc ,vdGlass B is wider at the top than at the bottom, and so holds more water than A. Glass C is narrower at the top than at the bottom, and so holds less water than A. Which glass has the greatest liquid pressure at the bottom?

  What is the difference between the pressures inside and outside a tire call/qgltdhz *jl)) kyo y-o5*3 sl d,sq7oed?

  When atmospheric pressure changesk/u6jvagzsp2*w1zo) m sd d;/4y wk:i, what happens to the absolute pressure at the bottom of a pool?:uj1s)2az4*wdp/zw yvmi ; gskd6o/k

  You are originally 1.0 m beneath the surface of a pool. If you dive to 2.0 m sgdcu4 not3-mcp x+ ;*beneath the surface, what happens to the absolute prm*gxnd; -tc +sop 4u3cessure on you?

State Pascal's principle8k8 ehn)jjh ;5eg xol5.

State Archimedes' principc0j- m c4jqds6le.

  $50 \; cm^{3}$ of wood is floating on water, and $50 \; cm^{3}$ of iron is totally submerged. Which has the greater buoyant force on it?

  As a rock sinks deeper and deeper into water of constant density, what 87 ouv n8geau7happens to the buoyant force on 78g o 8evuuna7it?

  Salt water has greater density than fresh water. A boat flom3:la fiu-9uy8mjc b hscc7mq 2i-/4gats in both fresh water and in salt water. Where is the buoyant force greatermhis/-cm7c uu:4g m b9f qy328j-ic al on the boat?

  Salt water is more dense than fresh water. A ship floats in both freejvesdc ,b-e f(1 ((nssh water and salt water. Compared to the fresh water, the voc nej1s fd(( -e,(bveslume of water displaced in the salt water is

  A steel ball sinks in water but floats in a pool of mercury. Where is the ba6e -sx x:4ycauoyana 46c:xsxea y-t force on the ball greater?

  A 10-kg piece of aluminum sits at the bottom of a lake, r41 g lse5f*kawight next to a 10-kg piece of lead. Which has the greate *wg54fa 1kselr buoyant force on it?

  A piece of iron rests on top of a piece of wood floati;b . nklau*i7ksje sm02(+bslng in a bathtub. If the iron is removed from the woobs;i7b.u (ekakmsj0*s 2l n+ld, what happens to the water level in the tub?

  A piece of wood is floating in a bathtub. A second piece of wood 6rput 7go))r5xujx.n sits on top of the first piece, and does not touch the water. If the top piece is taken off and placed in the water, what happens to the water level in t)x r ou7)nr6xgu5pj.the tub?

  Water flows through a pipe. The diameter of the pipe at point B is larger thaewoca,7w5 -q0g:)lyc qauh e) n at point Al7eqhcgcowwe:aayu q )-0 ,5). Where is the speed of the water greater?

  An ideal fluid flows at 12 m/s in a horizontal pipe. If the pipe w8v(zjb7 p6g gmidens to twice its original radius, what is the flow speed in the wid76 pzm(gg jv8ber section?

  An ideal fluid flows at 12 m/s pp/ vpkcs30:+ 6asiakin a horizontal pipe. If the pipe narrows to half its original radius, what is the flow spee p:3 asakp ivkc+p06/sd in the narrower section?

State Bernoulli's prin*4d1c)syf 8 cxdqzb )aciple.

  Which one of the following is associated with the law of conservation of hlfz2w ld,4 2venergy 2,hfv24wldl z in fluids?

  As the speed of a moving flu7x o*pn3xn,un:nz5kcid increases, the pressure in the fluid

  Water flows through a pipe. d :z/-kxj/v j.cptxj(The diameter of the pipe at point B is larger than at point A. Where is the water pressure g tj -vj://xx( z.kjpcdreatest?

  When you blow some air above a paper5ahlv zi ,:2us6k d lefr4n8*w strip, the paper rises. This is because

  A sky diver falls through the air at termiojetu8) 8p(y xilt,y68hm oj5nal velocity. The force of air resistance on him is ulij88)o 8 5,yepoxj(t mth6y

  Two Styrofoam balls, of radii R and 2R, are released simu33d- ) jfg ndilkkzan)+(;h u2khqli o.3so-z ltaneously from a tall tower. Whic+s lkluk3hknazf-)g hq2j-)z(o3n ddo. 3i i; h will reach the ground first?

  When a small sphericn7 9)m ;+hm obj5gtnc xl1px6ial rock of radius r falls through water, it experiences a dr)n9 6t7 o;m5+ npxijc hbxl1gmag force $F=arv$, where $v$ is its velocity and $a$ is a constant proportional to the viscosity of water. From this, one can deduce that if a rock of diameter 2.0 mm falls with terminal velocity, $v$, then a rock of diameter 4.0 mm will fall with terminal velocity .

  Which has the greatest effect on the flow of fluid througulggdlxe)9 c.bg4 o0cfj. 05sh a narrow pipe? That is, if you made a 10% change in each of the quantities below, which would caus 40x5 ef)jgb d.9lslocc.0gg ue the greatest change in the flow rate?

  Two horizontal pipes are the same length, but pipe B ha+yk- ao94unxi s twice the diameter of pipe A. Water undergoes viscous flow in b 9n yxi-auo4k+oth pipes, subject to the same pressure difference across the lengths of the pipes. If the flow rate in pipe A is Q, what is the flow rate in pipe B?

  Two horizontal pipes have the same diameter, but pipe B is twice as ly -q0z3 r90i hwf5hjy t-d;lllong as pipe A. Water undergoes viscous flow in both pipes, subject to the same pressure difference across the lengths of the pipes. If the flow rate in pipe B is Q, what is the flowl0qj y-tlhy5r3l i hfd;9 -0wz rate in pipe A?

  When soup gets cold, it often tastes greasy. This "greasy" taste seems tov0(0uyl ebo6b be associated with oil spreading out all over the surface of the soup, instead of staying in little globules. To us "physikers", this is readily explaineeu b0blv06o(y d in terms of

  When a tube of diameter d is placed in water, theb 9e7swze)mo* water rises to a height h. If the diameter were half as great, how high would zswm7 be)9e*othe water rise?

  Certain insects, such as the water bug, are sufficiently lightweight that they( 13xour6p qu6mf3ks l can rus 6pfmx3u6(3 r olkqu1n on top of water without breaking the surface tension. Water bug A has weight W. Water bug B is twice as big as bug A, in all dimensions. That is, bug B is twice as long, twice as wide, etc. What is the weight of bug B?

  Certain insects, such as the water bug, are g)h8z (;bt +so );knxeua:nk bsufficiently lightweight that they can run on top of water without breaking the surface tension. This is possible because the water, due to surface tension, exerts an upward force on the bottom of the bug's feet. Suppose that the maz be)x)k+ob8h :;kt sn;aug (nximum possible upward force on the feet of water bug A is F. Now suppose that water bug B is twice as big as bug A in every dimension. That is, bug B is twice as long, twice as wide, etc. What is the maximum upward force on the feet of bug B?

  A plastic block of dimensions 2.00 cm x 3.00 )vbd+2/5i-lg,t wn n1o.0att9 t5 xmsdgqxn scm x 4.00 cm has a mass of 30.0 g. What intn1obat s)02n qsw5.59l/gtidv-gxt x d,m +s its density?

  A liquid has a specific gravity of 0. m*a6rzumx 6f3357. What is its density?

  A brick weighs 50.0 N, and measures 30.0 cm x 10.0 cm /a4w3 7x3wdg nngl*ab x 4.00 cm. What is the maximum pressure it can exert on a horizo4 lga7w 3xawb*g3dn/n ntal surface?

  A person weighing 900 N i0dksy8/u rd/e s standing on snowshoes. Each snowshoe has area $2500 \; cm^{2}$. What is the pressure on the snow?

  How much pressure (absolute) must a submarine withstand at n/kc,u4;fr az*(mjth-k 2f ota depth of 120.0 m in nh ;2tr f-*f/k ozactk,u4jm(the ocean?

  A circular window of 30 cm diameter in a su nzttkh fjc) ,ut7ya+(spv.0z04w. lk bmarine can withstand a maximum force 0 lyhtkskt,n.czu7pw ja.f04)(+vztof $5.20 \times 10^{5} \; N$. What is the maximum depth in a lake to which the submarine can go without damaging the window?

  What is the gauge prf yr/cjxe* u-*essure if the absolute pressure is 300 kPa?

  What is the gauge pressure at a location 15.0 m below the sur yc.5qmu a5mt,sw) je(0fj .zhface of sea? (The density of j0)5th,qy5.mc s zuf ( wmae.jseawater is $1.03 \times 10^3 \; kg/m^{3}$.)

  What is the absolute pressure at a location 15.0 m below the surfacel):*of;; vctmt6c evx of sea? (The density oo)fev*;mc tlctxv;: 6 f seawater is $1.03 \times 10^3 \; kg/m^{3}$.)

  A 500-N weight sits on the small piston of a h7x*tiutlu 8s/ : 5povyo48kf; c* klfeydraulic machine. The small piston has a 4;* ycv to*pf8k lfltuoius: /x5ek87rea $2.0 \; cm^{2}$. If the large piston has area $40 \; cm^{2}$, how much weight can the large piston support?

  In a hydraulic garage lift, the smalojqf9b,mn:(q mg,s2s-q o kq: l piston has a radius of 5.0 cm and the large piston has a radius of 15 cm. What force must be applied on t,9:qqo jn: -q2ko( m,g fsmbqshe small piston in order to lift a car weighing 20,000 N on the large piston?

  A 13,000 N vehicle is to be lifted by a 25 cm diameter 0h 6dn1ulo-ighydraulic piston. What force needs to beoln-61ihd0ug applied to a 5.0 cm diameter piston to accomplish this?

  The small piston of a hydraulic lift has a diameter of 8.0 cm, and +ugub(b 8s u:lits large piston has a diameter of 40 bsu8b+:luu(g cm. The lift raises a load of 15,000 N.
(a) Determine the force that must be applied to the small piston    $N$ (fill in numerical value only)
(b) Determine the pressure applied to the fluid in the lift    $\times 10^5 \; Pa$ (fill in numerical value only)

  A block of metal weighs 40 N in air and 30wljns67. 7iaf5+ouam N in water. What is the buoyant force of thej7 nu 5oa+iwsfa67l m. water?

  An object has a voluc ejt qd5( 9o5c0lb :lt cro y,-ucdb3hg/4dw.me of $4.0 \; m^{3}$ and weighs 40,000 N. What will its weight be in water?

  A 4.00-kg cylinder of solid iroqli, k2:fdi;jf)00bt-quth 6qn g i f)n is supported by a string while submerged in water. What is the tension in the string? (The specific gravity of iron is 7.ihij)0q ugq b;lfd ft)i ,-6f2qtkn:086.)

  If the density of goldh;hg+ 9 si.eoio3s; +e4fa ica is $19.3 \times 10^3 kg/m^{3}$, what buoyant force does a 0.60-kg gold crown experience when it is immersed in water?

  A crane lifts a steel submarine (deewf,l8d;x)fk+ pu v0ie 6s/hrnsity = $7.8 \times 10^3 \; kg/m^{3}$) of mass 20,000 kg. What is the tension in the lifting cable (1) when the submarine is submerged, and (2) when it is entirely out of the water?

  An object weighs 7.84 nbqes8k(y3 a0w0 b4vloh53xlN when it is in air and 6.86 N when it is immersed in water. What is0ln3a e 4 (w5y8klsh0vbo 3xbq the specific gravity of the object?

  A container of water is placed on a scale, and the scale reads 123p.0by kmk-(q)ky:amlygu+d 0 g. Now a 20-g piece of copper (specific gravity = 8.9) is suspended from a thread and lowerpy-:l uybkkmqk)0 g+(y a3 m.ded into the water, not touching
the bottom of the container. What will the scale now read?

  A piece of aluminum with a mass offafh.;o,aur . 1.0 kg and density of $2700 \; kg/m^{3}$ is suspended from a string and then completely immersed in a container of water. The density of water is $1000 \; kg/m^{3}$.
(a) Determine the volume of the piece of aluminum    $\times 10^{-4} \; m^3$ (fill in numerical value only)
(b) Determine the tension in the string after the metal is immersed in the container of water $N$ (fill in numerical value only)

  A cylindrical rod of length 12 /tkxo1r j0)v jdr;ih/ cm and diameter 2.0 cm will just barely float in water. Whar) 0 r/vj k/jd1xh;itot is its mass?

  A rectangular box of negligible mass meayjyn 1ii. asdzo/))(.mdci c7sures 5.0 m long, 1.0 m wide, and 0.50 m high. How many kilograms of mass can be loaded onto the box before it sinks in a dis na . dimz jc/(.oc1y)7)iylake?

  A $1.0 m^{3}$ object floats in water with 20% of it above the waterline. What does the object weigh out of the water?

  An object floats with half its volume beneath the surface of the wateqs3qzx j.z28+)d chu ytmjy3 1r. The weight o xy3)h ty.msd z23j u1+qz8jcqf the displaced water is 2000 N. What is the weight of the object?

  A solid object floats in water with three-fourths of its volume kiz3v7p*z ot bzh25tkrin84 * beneath the surface. What is the object'kp 5z7 *zit o hv*48nr3biz2kts density?

  A 200-N object floats with three-fourths of its volume beneath the so bw6ibii6 4 qr9co7p p*)xtp*urface of the water. What is the buoyant force on the objec4 b*9boc)6i6ixprpop q w7i*tt?

  A polar bear of mass 200 kg stands-c;p u:/6g9z7dk6 u hnix i9nkmm rz.r on an ice floe 100 cm thick. What is the minimum area of the floe that will just support t.drmnir / giuzx7p;hm: 6-9zkcnk 9u6he bear in saltwater of specific gravity 1.03? The specific gravity of ice is 0.98.

  Liquid flows through a pipe of diameter7ywoog h:o oc212 )gq/u3xyt j 3.0 cm at 2.0 m/s. Find the flow rate.

  Liquid flows through a 4.0 cm agz/ cidm:. n2diameter pipe at 1.0 m/s. There is a 2.0 cm diameter restrictiongm.ad2n ic/: z in the line. What is the velocity in this restriction?

  Water flows at 12 m/s in ajxx,re o3 khn; k 2is r/d-+(wcj51eup horizontal pipe with a pressure of $3.0 \times 10^4 \; N/m^2$. If the pipe widens to twice its original radius, what is the pressure in the wider section?

  How much pressure does it ty;qz jgk)2:yt ake for a pump to supply a drinking fountain with 300 kPa, if the fountain is 30.0 m abovy) kg ;jtq2zy:e the pump?

  A hole of radius 1.0 mm occurs in the bottom of a f 9e2c3eimk -azke8;s olka*0 water storage tank that holds water at a depth of 15 m. At what rate eke9s;c 3 fka0m*-leio2z ka8will water flow out of the hole?

  Water flows through a horizon /t znkhfxp58 ulqf-c 8d/ma4;tal pipe of cross-sectional area $10.0 \; cm^{2}$ at a pressure of 0.250 atm. The flow rate is $1.00 \times 10^{-3} \; m^{3}/s$. At a valve, the effective cross-sectional area of the pipe is reduced to $5.00 \; cm^{2}$. What is the pressure at the valve?

  SAE No. 10 oil has a viscosity of 0.20 Pa-s. How long would i9v8b .q/fx nuwt take to pour 4.0 L of oil through a funnel with a neck 15 cm long and 2.0 cm in diameter? Assume the surface of the oil is kept 6 cm above the top of the neck, and neglect any drag effects due to the upper part of thux.vfqn9b8 w/ e funnel.

  Suppose that the build-up of fatty tissue on o7 epizgcxzv:7;p )g ihd+(+g+ tbww, the wall of an artery decreased the radius by 10%. By how much would the pressure provided by the heart have to be increaw7;+zg hzi )pgod 7(bigex +:+vtw,cpsed to maintain a constant blood flow?

  Two narrow tubes are pla+d w .)k mike4ia/vve+ced in a pan of water. Tube A has twice the diameter of tube B. If water rises 24 cm in tube kd+vii4/ave ke +w.m )A, how high will it rise in tube B?

  The surface tension of water is 0.073 N/m.cu6jx f u1ro,ze 7mecg3612/9s sqptw How high will water rise in a capillary tube of diameter 1.3wu1eo17s 6gpexzsc rju/m ,69t 2qcf2 mm?

  232

  To what height would water at 0 degree Celsius rise in a glass capillegr u1qog6 -jj+p5 1xtary tube with a 1guxrpg1eo-+ qj6t 5 jdiameter of
0.50 mm?

  A narrow tube is placed vertically in a pan of water, anosyc:hk i 6)ln9;ba/c apb.2 nd the water rises in the tube to 4.0 cm above the level of the pan. The surface tension in the liquid is lowered to one-half its original value by the .a/lc;n) sabp2ob6 c9y:i nhkaddition of some soap. What happens to the height of the liquid column in the tube?

  Consider a rectangular frame of length 0.120 m and width 0.600 m l -(xkpw)lxu +with a soap film formed withklpl-x u x+)(win its confined area. If the surface tension of soapy water is 0.0260 N/m, how much force does the soap film exert on the 0.600 m side?

  An adjustable rectangular frame has length 12 cm and wida(y;n wqsc+ f3g1afksvz-.6 q th 5 cm, and is built in such a way that one of the longer sides can be moved without bursting the soap film contained in the frame. Soapy water has surface tension 0.026 N/m. How much work is required to move the adjasgq;zq f.k(a1vnw-3 6 fyc+sustable long side so that the frame is 12 cm square?