The three common phases of matter a6aln8(c8a 5 jkncdd: ere

  Density is

  Substance A has a density v(ae8n+gn4pdve,g p6rp ic)5of $3.0 \; g/cm^{3}$ and substance B has a density of $4.0 \; g/cm^{3}$. In order to obtain equal masses of these two substances, the ratio of the volume of A to the volume of B will be equal to

  Pressure is

  Which of the following is not a unit of pressure?8nqb i)f .m-ajlcn o-:

  Consider three drinking glasses. 9yoj3myu4mh. All three have the same area base, and all three are filled to the same depth with water. Glass A is cylindrical. Glass B is widemjm. 4yu9ohy3 r at the top than at the bottom, and so holds more water than A. Glass C is narrower at the top than at the bottom, and so holds less water than A. Which glass has the greatest liquid pressure at the bottom?

  What is the difference between the pressudsod yn1m;*lwpga)5ep-k+y s86g q ) bres inside and outside a tire called?

  When atmospheric pressure changes, what happenss,b ;(yirhvbbe.: jjn* 8 c2qv to the absolute pressure at the bottobi;hjqb . ce8v*:b,y( rnsj2vm of a pool?

  You are originally 1.0 m beneath the surface of;3y.ir0 lnlj s a pool. If you dive to 2.0 m beneath the surface, what happens to the ab yl;l3ns .rj0isolute pressure on you?

State Pascal's principle.4/fol cx3 )brd rbwnod:*qn/ja j3(1 r

State Archimedes' principlqteh.04*w p1h*li n8ggaj bj-e.

  $50 \; cm^{3}$ of wood is floating on water, and $50 \; cm^{3}$ of iron is totally submerged. Which has the greater buoyant force on it?

  As a rock sinks deeper and deeper into water of cons..p wkmps9ct.tant density, what happens to the buoyant fowkt 9pc ..sp.mrce on it?

  Salt water has greater density than fresh wat agt5q0 1q:ctter. A boat floats in both fresh water and in salt water. Where is the tgt 01qa t:cq5buoyant force greater on the boat?

  Salt water is more dense than fresh water. A ship floats)lw. +z bkl e,mc1st,m in both fresh water and salt water. Compared to the fresh water, the volume of water displaced in the salt water izmlbw )c,es+,1klt m.s

  A steel ball sinks in water but floats in a pool of b6,y- d9gxrkz3a+tybn9 h s6zmercury. Where is the buoyant forczty6b+9 y6-xkh rn, 9azdgbs3e on the ball greater?

  A 10-kg piece of aluminum s: 2 oe :)(,cnseod) 4uqsktutj;zwtz1its at the bottom of a lake, right next to a 10-kg piece of lead. o:2)c w jusu on;4t1t:)zkqz(set,e dWhich has the greater buoyant force on it?

  A piece of iron rests on top of a piece of ,q,ukw ad*fguftko 0, p6 0iccgg7icm vh-748wood floating in a bathtub. If the iron is removed fdc7vo c gtw u0pi48-g*fg7ahfkc,06km ui, q,rom the wood, what happens to the water level in the tub?

  A piece of wood is floating in a bathtui g29-q zahyhk0dyek)1jqv,*b. A second piece of wood sits on top of the first piece, and does not touch the water. If the top piece is taken off and placed in the water, what happens to the water level i-g0*hv ky e,qdqkzhj)29y i1 an the tub?

  Water flows through a pipe. The diameter of the pipe at tk*/fv wyl;b /g:b2pmpoint B is larger than at point A. Where is the speed of the water g:pmw2/b vk/;lgt y* fbreater?

  An ideal fluid flows at 12 m/s in a horizontal pipe. If the pipe widens to t*04ycpvxs qtg :ciqm:-a c +-owice its original radius, what 0s 4 ap *:-qc-g+ctx:iv oqycmis the flow speed in the wider section?

  An ideal fluid flows at 12 m/s in a horiz / upvq; nrvlndd94q2+ontal pipe. If the pipe narrows to half its original radius, what is the9upln;qd42v n q/+dvr flow speed in the narrower section?

State Bernoulli's principle.:dm-o8 y)7 fubiza,lw

  Which one of the following is associated with the law of conservation of energg 5gn* y:np;jg bc1k8qy in fluids?gjn :bk g8gpny;q1c5*

  As the speed of a mov k88cpk+h/b vking fluid increases, the pressure in the fluid

  Water flows through a pipe. The diameter of the pipe at point B is largeehnef: + ;e9,hs1jpsnr than at point A. Where is thee +,;1n :hhjeps9 efsn water pressure greatest?

  When you blow some air above a paper strip, the paper riseswgohq9 :g* :be. This is because

  A sky diver falls through the air at terminal velocity. The foen 5ayzc(nw5+e wy4a dyk89 d7rce of air resistance on dz+( c7n 8we9n wek5yydaya45 him is

  Two Styrofoam balls, of radii R and 2R, are released sim5s 3bj//tbkxgultaneously from a tall tower. Which will reak/s b/xjg5t 3bch the ground first?

  When a small spherical rock of radius r falls through water, it - g;8 dy7hr3r9) b lf*siu9ecd)yyfhjexperiences a drag force8 7uyy df3lcye9f9jrrgi)d )hb sh ;-* $F=arv$, where $v$ is its velocity and $a$ is a constant proportional to the viscosity of water. From this, one can deduce that if a rock of diameter 2.0 mm falls with terminal velocity, $v$, then a rock of diameter 4.0 mm will fall with terminal velocity .

  Which has the greatest effect on the fl,usaq dnx.q8q:ky m4ue0 vj2 (ow of fluid through a narrow pipe? That is, if you made a 10% change in each of the quantities below, which woulsyj.q advq0q:8n,(e2 u4u km xd cause the greatest change in the flow rate?

  Two horizontal pipes are the s-,i:aq+ov fxaame length, but pipe B has twice the diameter of pipe A. Water undergoes viscous flow in both pia q+foi-,v:x apes, subject to the same pressure difference across the lengths of the pipes. If the flow rate in pipe A is Q, what is the flow rate in pipe B?

  Two horizontal pipes have the same diameai7q( zmbri:58(d4yfuz p 7aeter, but pipe B is twice as long as pipe A. Water undergoes viscous flow in bothzeaqa7b8rm( (p i54f7iz u:yd pipes, subject to the same pressure difference across the lengths of the pipes. If the flow rate in pipe B is Q, what is the flow rate in pipe A?

  When soup gets cold, it often tastes greasy. This "greasy" taste seems s0:18hel9 yon e vb:koto be associated with oil spreading out all over the surface of the soup, instead of staying in little globules. To us "physikers", this is readily explokebs9v 0yhl1 n:e8: oained in terms of

  When a tube of diameter d is placed in water, the water rises to m0w 0o*p6revr a height h. If the diameter were half as great, how high would the wateprroev w06*m0 r rise?

  Certain insects, such at i 3rl4la/ g:o5,fg4:xgjgq ls the water bug, are sufficiently lightweight that they can run on top of water without breaking the surface tension. Water bug A has 4g l5q 3gtgof/xl: j4g:rli, aweight W. Water bug B is twice as big as bug A, in all dimensions. That is, bug B is twice as long, twice as wide, etc. What is the weight of bug B?

  Certain insects, such as the water bubos ( dt9yp2 jwa6(7dfdomi96g, are sufficiently lightweight that they can run on top of water without breaking the surface tension. This is possible because the water, due td (do9w2(tmo9 6p ajiy6d7bsfo surface tension, exerts an upward force on the bottom of the bug's feet. Suppose that the maximum possible upward force on the feet of water bug A is F. Now suppose that water bug B is twice as big as bug A in every dimension. That is, bug B is twice as long, twice as wide, etc. What is the maximum upward force on the feet of bug B?

  A plastic block of dimenevk8gc f-lm* +d9psmb :a.v,csions 2.00 cm x 3.00 cm x 4.00 cm has a mass of 30.0 g. What9d-cvc mms*:vl,k ag 8 p.feb+ is its density?

  A liquid has a specific gravity of 0.357. What is its densityl2xt z (tyd:pw,x6s /q?

  A brick weighs 50.0 N, and measures 30.0 cm x 10.0 cm x 4ov37x(wj* b uo lvkp 8g(hvw.0 w8ahqam(d)d 4.00 cm. What is the maximum pressure it can exert on a horiwg(.(a38j4 oxvu bwvv8dq 0(7pl h )odawk*mhzontal surface?

  A person weighing 900 N isyitcqa3 ;oo8xl8:. e k9pvaj9 4n9mqw standing on snowshoes. Each snowshoe has area $2500 \; cm^{2}$. What is the pressure on the snow?

  How much pressure (absolute) must a submarine withstand at a depth of 120.eg2sq;sp1ay / o, tlq,0 m in the ocq12 ;a/ep yqog ,l,sstean?

  A circular window of 30 cm diameter in a subm zi7c/r+vvu3 rarine can withstand a maximum force v/ z+c7rrivu 3of $5.20 \times 10^{5} \; N$. What is the maximum depth in a lake to which the submarine can go without damaging the window?

  What is the gauge pressure if the absolute pressure 6 jxyyf*3;l ys/ ktjg:e/zvi 5is 300 kPa?

  What is the gauge pressure at a lb-n-/tw oo a8yocation 15.0 m below the surface of sea? (The density of seawona8 yto-/w-b ater is $1.03 \times 10^3 \; kg/m^{3}$.)

  What is the absolute pressure at a location 15.0 m below the surface of sea? (T a, f cl 6pp9-vdpiw:4;jbz3dxhe density of x,936a4:f-dbip c ;dpwljzpvseawater is $1.03 \times 10^3 \; kg/m^{3}$.)

  A 500-N weight sits on the small pistof82 :rlz lwjq+ h3 se8fn:1jeen of a hydraulic machine. The small piston+fz2 3esh8j:lfn e8jlew: r1q has area $2.0 \; cm^{2}$. If the large piston has area $40 \; cm^{2}$, how much weight can the large piston support?

  In a hydraulic garage lift, the small piston has a rad :fasvc 54fepbm+p6e (a:ww 0cius of 5.0 cm and the large piston has a radius of 15 cm. What force must be applied on thse6b5wma+fw p f4 c0:p:cve (ae small piston in order to lift a car weighing 20,000 N on the large piston?

  A 13,000 N vehicle is to be lifted by a 25 cm diameter hydraulic piston. Wha g9/a7*d pk yvcrqw21at force needs*/yg awrd12v7aqk cp 9 to be applied to a 5.0 cm diameter piston to accomplish this?

  The small piston of a h upf84xb e7:o8tz et1uydraulic lift has a diameter of 8.0 cm, and its large piston has a diameter of 40 cm. The lift raises a load of 15,000 N.:xuef7bet1t 8uz4p8 o
(a) Determine the force that must be applied to the small piston    $N$ (fill in numerical value only)
(b) Determine the pressure applied to the fluid in the lift    $\times 10^5 \; Pa$ (fill in numerical value only)

  A block of metal weighs 40 N in air and 30 N in wat:vkvc) ha49 xder. What is the buoyant forc4ahcd9v:v ) xke of the water?

  An object has a volumeu)s()6ery 9ehx2m o-.yuj tiy of $4.0 \; m^{3}$ and weighs 40,000 N. What will its weight be in water?

  A 4.00-kg cylinder of solid iron is supported by a string while submemyrwrb,m40f +rged in water. What is the tension in the string? (yrf+wm 0brm4 ,The specific gravity of iron is 7.86.)

  If the density of go-sth ifwyk2x cce6 j4t4gmdctx:97syj 5327wld is $19.3 \times 10^3 kg/m^{3}$, what buoyant force does a 0.60-kg gold crown experience when it is immersed in water?

  A crane lifts a steel ssrs+6h , 2-stl:hbxdrubmarine (density = $7.8 \times 10^3 \; kg/m^{3}$) of mass 20,000 kg. What is the tension in the lifting cable (1) when the submarine is submerged, and (2) when it is entirely out of the water?

  An object weighs 7.84 N when it is in air and 6.86 N whe6-oy)9l l47g tuw ulcgn it is immersed in water. What is the specific gravity of the objec9u loucwy6l-7gg)l t4 t?

  A container of water is p1u)-fa 9b zoeqszh+/w*aa a9ylaced on a scale, and the scale reads 120 g. Now a 20-g piece of caq +9*f-z )wa /z1byaoua9eshopper (specific gravity = 8.9) is suspended from a thread and lowered into the water, not touching
the bottom of the container. What will the scale now read?

  A piece of aluminum withw eqax+w1g:l8 a mass of 1.0 kg and density of $2700 \; kg/m^{3}$ is suspended from a string and then completely immersed in a container of water. The density of water is $1000 \; kg/m^{3}$.
(a) Determine the volume of the piece of aluminum    $\times 10^{-4} \; m^3$ (fill in numerical value only)
(b) Determine the tension in the string after the metal is immersed in the container of water $N$ (fill in numerical value only)

  A cylindrical rod of length 12 cm and diameter 2.0z*v,nzaj,cn/)mn pd: 4: isw t cm will just barely float in water. What is imjnnt) ,pzsz*w adc/:v n4 :,its mass?

  A rectangular box of negligible mass measures 5.0 m ,-ci ra4kv5t3 josq)ulong, 1.0 m wide, and 0.50 m5ajis 4q )vor3u,ctk- high. How many kilograms of mass can be loaded onto the box before it sinks in a lake?

  A $1.0 m^{3}$ object floats in water with 20% of it above the waterline. What does the object weigh out of the water?

  An object floats with half its volume beneath the surface of the water. Tzaux2 7yy;x1kg fk;i2he weight of the displaced waterx 71; uxykgy kaz2f2;i is 2000 N. What is the weight of the object?

  A solid object float3e+4l , yogd/tkyjz:sdg sj42s in water with three-fourths of its volume beneath the surface. What is the object's d4js d zt ,ogy:2slkedgy/ 3+j4ensity?

  A 200-N object floats with three-fourths of its volume beny(,l/klj9sxlykrb-u* 9b( c,on5 nar eath the surface of the water. What is the bu,a5xbjk- un 9cksl/(ylny o9r,l br*( oyant force on the object?

  A polar bear of mass 200 +5 h;pjaz 12k0dsbw igkg stands on an ice floe 100 cm thick. What is the minimum area of the floe that will just support the bear in saltwater of specific gravity 1.03? The spe b ;akgh0wsij+12d z5pcific gravity of ice is 0.98.

  Liquid flows through a pipe of diameter5c bh b9q8osp) 3.0 cm at 2.0 m/s. Find the flow rate.

  Liquid flows through a 4.0 cm diameter pipe,24d66 ebfbij*z ra0pebz-n o at 1.0 m/s. There is a 2.0 cm diameter restriction in the line. What is the velocity zne6,o4 jpfa-6z i0b*ebb2d rin this restriction?

  Water flows at 12 m/s in a hori+4;wccgm gs n6ij o77ezontal pipe with a pressure of $3.0 \times 10^4 \; N/m^2$. If the pipe widens to twice its original radius, what is the pressure in the wider section?

  How much pressure does it take for a pump to supply a drinking fc1.49 q h-elq/b,-oi cbjlet lountain with 300 kPa 4q,o htce-lcl/eq.1lb9-bji , if the fountain is 30.0 m above the pump?

  A hole of radius 1.0 mmhfx5; ;do/v,rc,+ayab *2- gr kaq s/qbwz ud. occurs in the bottom of a water storage tank that holds water at a depth of 15 m. At what rate will water flow out of the holqazaor /yqh f -x*v s/wkucb5brd; . ,,g+;d2ae?

  Water flows through a horizontal pipe of cross-sectional are v03x 9dz y6e3ezv/fqea $10.0 \; cm^{2}$ at a pressure of 0.250 atm. The flow rate is $1.00 \times 10^{-3} \; m^{3}/s$. At a valve, the effective cross-sectional area of the pipe is reduced to $5.00 \; cm^{2}$. What is the pressure at the valve?

  SAE No. 10 oil has a visc kwks q(+i+ti2osity of 0.20 Pa-s. How long would it take to pour 4.0 L of oil through a funnel with a neck 15 cm long and k+q wti(ski2+ 2.0 cm in diameter? Assume the surface of the oil is kept 6 cm above the top of the neck, and neglect any drag effects due to the upper part of the funnel.

  Suppose that the build-up of fatty tissue on the wall of an artery decreased the r2wbu:iy px:; radius by 10%. B piu:w yx2:br;y how much would the pressure provided by the heart have to be increased to maintain a constant blood flow?

  Two narrow tubes are placed in a pan of water. Tube A has twice the diameter ofex*i(igz-vth; b) ,e xs z7ly4 tube B. If water rises 24 cm in tube A, howv(t7 ),s-i *ehyz;xbx gi el4z high will it rise in tube B?

  The surface tension of water is 0.073 N/m. How high wif/g:*si,n d 7cps*hn xll water rise in a capillary tube of diameters/f:ch*7dsg*p n,xi n 1.2 mm?

  232

  To what height would water at 0 degree Celsiu 1ilb h-z:q72rysy*jms rise in a glass capillary tube with rbzm 7 jl*h-ys1 2:iyqa diameter of
0.50 mm?

  A narrow tube is placed vt4 xz4xi. x(evertically in a pan of water, and the water rises in the tube to 4.0 cm above the levelixxzv(4.ex 4t of the pan. The surface tension in the liquid is lowered to one-half its original value by the addition of some soap. What happens to the height of the liquid column in the tube?

  Consider a rectangular frame of length 0.120 m r ;1)*bw8 ne+cit2yww .a:m2u gokik,cb9q dvand width 0.600 m with a soap film formed within its confined area. If the surface tension of soapy water is 0.0260 N/m, how much force does the soap film exert on the 0.600 m sid ib;dkq9:niyre.cwm,c8w*k a2 g21two )bu+v e?

  An adjustable rectangular frame has length 12 cm and width 5 cm, and is built in2aj; q,h yjig+v- vr hw+2t k5fih-b)j such a way that one of the longer sides can be moved without bursting the soap film contained in the frame. Soapy water has surface tension 0.026 N -ibjhfgha+r jqiwj +- , 2vkht;y2)v5/m. How much work is required to move the adjustable long side so that the frame is 12 cm square?