The three common phases of matterk ) inb.x82dh/0k tol.bocws( are

  Density is

  Substance A has a deaj-v.k*() g9vgdpzq qoi3*jo nsity of $3.0 \; g/cm^{3}$ and substance B has a density of $4.0 \; g/cm^{3}$. In order to obtain equal masses of these two substances, the ratio of the volume of A to the volume of B will be equal to

  Pressure is

  Which of the following ka( ox49lw7 woe-5yslis not a unit of pressure?

  Consider three drinking glasses. All three have theqbbl hwn db.too7+9p+9pi zuh4)e k87 same area base, and all three are filled to the same depth with water. Glass A is cylindrical. Glass B is wider at the top than at the bottom, and so holds more water than A. Glass C is narrower at the top thpd4ih7epblz+ 7.o +8 qt99 nubobhk)wan at the bottom, and so holds less water than A. Which glass has the greatest liquid pressure at the bottom?

  What is the differenc 4-bp/9/qzcf*yit/po rhq 6 fpe between the pressures inside and outside a tire called?

  When atmospheric pressure changes, what happens to the absolute pressure at the s: zzon9,.oe6zva l3-; ip uiyb.;alspu z 3, i6yoz:i9- onevzottom of a pool?

  You are originally 1.0 m beneath the surface of a pool. If you dive to 2.0 m je/,lp,;e ri ikn2 .grbeneath the surface, what happens to the absolute ;lp g,iie ,kn err2/.jpressure on you?

State Pascal's princidmi87q v* 4jzeple.

State Archimedes' prinnf ) /6h,cdfu:n2boghs mhglx u(/ ,o*ciple.

  $50 \; cm^{3}$ of wood is floating on water, and $50 \; cm^{3}$ of iron is totally submerged. Which has the greater buoyant force on it?

  As a rock sinks deeper and deeper into water of constant density, what thiqbdchf l:;5/n6g3 90c m ijhappens to the buoyant force on it?q5dj m9 6 ih:bnlct/c3hgf;i0

  Salt water has greater density 6 tw -2,shrn :p4;aqkig)vzezl; no:o than fresh water. A boat floats in both fresh water and in salt water. Where is the buoyant force greater on the bin,hv6l noq2t)4z- oa: g:wpks;e r z;oat?

  Salt water is more dense than fresh water. A ship floats in both fresh wahm2 hr.wi5k6*(y fc dmter and salt w(yc*hmh6id m 5.f2rk water. Compared to the fresh water, the volume of water displaced in the salt water is

  A steel ball sinks inov*7 qbhes(-w5dm.tf4 dxp (m water but floats in a pool of mercury. Where is the buoyant force on the ball great475 d*bfmpo(h(q.vsmwd te-xer?

  A 10-kg piece of aluminum sits at the bottom of a lake,9fqf hlr53;.86zmv q avrmey9 right next to a 10-kg piece of lead. Which has tz qaf8q9m e f;mr.l53y96vrvh he greater buoyant force on it?

  A piece of iron rests on top of a piece of wood floating in a bathtub. If the i/q8aeyv-, f r-gsz emm8:juw/ron is removed from the wood, what happens to the water le8r me-a/ve/:g 8zfmqjy swu,-vel in the tub?

  A piece of wood is floating in a batht8xci8n;*f-sdg nu s uhf5-r .rub. A second piece of wood sits on top of the first piece, and does not touch the water. If the top piece is taken off and placed in the water, w-ni g 8h;8crd -ur5nf*xf.su shat happens to the water level in the tub?

  Water flows through a pipe. The diameter of the pipe at ym 6(n nof26ib9biv utid6s78point B is larger than at point 6syu bi9 (2b tiiv nmd686ofn7A. Where is the speed of the water greater?

  An ideal fluid flows at 12 m/s in a w23d6ul 1mvwn horizontal pipe. If the pipe widens to twice its original radius, what is the flow speed in the wider sect nl2m wd63uwv1ion?

  An ideal fluid flows at 12 m/s in a horizontal pipe. If the pipe narrowsubthxb(78 6 u;zc1amj to half its original radius, what is the flow speed iujubtc z ax817b(6mh;n the narrower section?

State Bernoulli's princikn8l7sx7:8o46b xbaex 7 xexbple.

  Which one of the following is associated with the la(yt yn4i96s zfw of conservation of energy in9(ynf ty4 sz6i fluids?

  As the speed of a moving fluid increases, tle 3m dl939 g+td*efkwhe pressure in the fluid

  Water flows through a pipe. The diameter of the pipe at point B is la:espx /7pi7b nrger than at point A. Where is the water pressure g7bis7epn:x / preatest?

  When you blow some air above a paper strip, the paper rises. This is be:s:p4)dufv nig 9:bc 5c,amvg cause

  A sky diver falls through the air at tei;qc*uqkioo0: nnu -3nee6;g/v 1kgyrminal velocity. The force of air resistan u;k; enqi60kgyqoc u*ni: o3gve/-1nce on him is

  Two Styrofoam balls, of radii R and 2R, are released simultaneously from a tall /;b4gvby:-yx 2qrv:6tk zsnptower. Which will reach the ground f v2yk:6z-vsy ntbx/prq4;bg:irst?

  When a small spherical *mag 2s6a8 y4ix zt41- lpav :zak,eebrock of radius r falls through water, it experiences a dr 8v2 s4a* egbak4l -aey1iz,txz:6pam ag force $F=arv$, where $v$ is its velocity and $a$ is a constant proportional to the viscosity of water. From this, one can deduce that if a rock of diameter 2.0 mm falls with terminal velocity, $v$, then a rock of diameter 4.0 mm will fall with terminal velocity .

  Which has the greatest effect on the flow of fluid through a nq c/-; :xuvto/nrw hh 3r2pjo7arrow pipe? That is, if you made a 10v 23ro: tqrhp-hojnxw 7//cu;% change in each of the quantities below, which would cause the greatest change in the flow rate?

  Two horizontal pipes are t45,um 7gvlv -s,qq w3wcnuds/he same length, but pipe B has twice the diameter of pipe A. Water undergoes viscous flow in both pipes, subject to the same pressure difference across the lengths of the pipes. If the flodqw,ml 3vnqgv54 - usws/, c7uw rate in pipe A is Q, what is the flow rate in pipe B?

  Two horizontal pipes have the same diam7 r9e e* z2v0six stpxv4)u+fieter, but pipe B is twice as long as pipe A. Water undergoes viscous flow in both pipes, subject to the same pressure difference across the leng*fs0)eir zte+s9vxu47ivx 2 p ths of the pipes. If the flow rate in pipe B is Q, what is the flow rate in pipe A?

  When soup gets cold, it qyg;lx/ih)i6 sq-ri 0 often tastes greasy. This "greasy" taste seems to be associated with oil spreading out all over the surface of the soup, instead of staying in little globules. To us "physikers", t;l)xi-sg iy/r6 qq0ihhis is readily explained in terms of

  When a tube of diameter d is placed in water,gus o*7t*yhndc5x (+i the water rises to a height h. If the diameter were half as great, how high would the watoni( +7xu*sgyctd5*h er rise?

  Certain insects, such as the water bugew j.c,c-7m0 jq2igmh, are sufficiently lightweight that they can run onj. ce0wi7gcjh2mm-q , top of water without breaking the surface tension. Water bug A has weight W. Water bug B is twice as big as bug A, in all dimensions. That is, bug B is twice as long, twice as wide, etc. What is the weight of bug B?

  Certain insects, such as the water bug, are sufficiently lightwex sb4-4cwb q6tight that they can run on top of water without breaking the surface tension. This is possible because the water, due to surface tension, exerts an upward force on the bottom of the bug's feet. Suppose that the maximum possible uptcqb 6b-4 wx4sward force on the feet of water bug A is F. Now suppose that water bug B is twice as big as bug A in every dimension. That is, bug B is twice as long, twice as wide, etc. What is the maximum upward force on the feet of bug B?

  A plastic block of dimensions 2if8 on(ll:9dv gag/h3 .00 cm x 3.00 cm x 4.00 cm has a mass of 30.0 g. What vod 3 lgni9/lg :8hf(ais its density?

  A liquid has a specific gravity of 0.357. What is its densm0pr6 avz+/p(ly lu 7lity?

  A brick weighs 50.0 N, and memr2i 4 5( q.fki.nelyxasures 30.0 cm x 10.0 cm x 4.00 cm. What is the maximum pressure it can exert on a hok(qrl fiix.. nm y45e2rizontal surface?

  A person weighing 900 N d7ka2p3y*tl yxxt64 w is standing on snowshoes. Each snowshoe has area $2500 \; cm^{2}$. What is the pressure on the snow?

  How much pressure (absolute) must a submarine wia 4-b7jxm ga vbl*:ua+0o/uh othstand at a depth of 120.0 m in the ocean?b *m40u+o a l:oguv7axjbh- /a

  A circular window of 30 cm d2fu)b:/ s+wet wch4u biameter in a submarine can withstand a maximum force of 2+bt)whwb:e fc4u/su $5.20 \times 10^{5} \; N$. What is the maximum depth in a lake to which the submarine can go without damaging the window?

  What is the gauge pressure +g 61jaojktql8 .9.ihir gdh-if the absolute pressure is 300 kPa?

  What is the gauge pressure at a lo)0.)/wj fzm; zyyde)nmk qzk- cation 15.0 m below the surface of sea? (The density of seaw)q)-fzke nyz)k.zdjy 0/ mw m;ater is $1.03 \times 10^3 \; kg/m^{3}$.)

  What is the absolute pressure at a location 15.0 m below the surface of sea? oek ; +)*wb7k a emrf41*bnqwy(The densek reqw*4akw f*1b7) b;ynmo+ity of seawater is $1.03 \times 10^3 \; kg/m^{3}$.)

  A 500-N weight sits on the small piston of a hydraul wfid0piz *sc ex544x.ic machine. The small piston hp0wxxci f *e .45isd4zas area $2.0 \; cm^{2}$. If the large piston has area $40 \; cm^{2}$, how much weight can the large piston support?

  In a hydraulic garage lift, the small piston has a radius of 5.0 cm and the tm9t ;pxzx 2;ubin/ g-2p ;x1fm;izrelarge piston has a radius of 15 cm. - 2x;;pnitgx/ fem1zmt 2p;iub r; z9xWhat force must be applied on the small piston in order to lift a car weighing 20,000 N on the large piston?

  A 13,000 N vehicle is to be lifted by a 25zk4 ey+bcyixy77o 4j7 cm diameter hydraulic piston. What force needs to be applied to a 5.0 cm diameter piston to accom7i74yo by7z y+4xkce jplish this?

  The small piston of a hydraulic lift has .oiy7y jxr.bfn*n(i0 a diameter of 8.0 cm, and its large piston has a diameter of 40 cm. The lift0 ni(.xbynofij7y *.r raises a load of 15,000 N.
(a) Determine the force that must be applied to the small piston    $N$ (fill in numerical value only)
(b) Determine the pressure applied to the fluid in the lift    $\times 10^5 \; Pa$ (fill in numerical value only)

  A block of metal weighs 40 N in air and 3y f2f:tbhub-lp6 0 3ei0 N in water. What is the buoyant force of the wate06 plf :3tuy-ebhib f2r?

  An object has a volumeg6 hpb 97;intf of $4.0 \; m^{3}$ and weighs 40,000 N. What will its weight be in water?

  A 4.00-kg cylinder of solid iron is supported by a string while *mithi9c l czj*b-/-isubmerged in water. What is the tension in thh/i l*b-z*ci-m9ctij e string? (The specific gravity of iron is 7.86.)

  If the density of gold i-kh b 11n+gt95tahvuj s $19.3 \times 10^3 kg/m^{3}$, what buoyant force does a 0.60-kg gold crown experience when it is immersed in water?

  A crane lifts a steelt:tjt. 5m(sy9 m18bpvxv om2m submarine (density = $7.8 \times 10^3 \; kg/m^{3}$) of mass 20,000 kg. What is the tension in the lifting cable (1) when the submarine is submerged, and (2) when it is entirely out of the water?

  An object weighs 7.84 N whed,f nb)gsh36 2jb.zv *ubzef0a/ aa1j n it is in air and 6.86 N when it is immersed in water. What is the specific grav2us./0 *fvf ja dahjeb )z6,z3n1bbga ity of the object?

  A container of water is placey, ) prr.dbri/lu;l.dd on a scale, and the scale reads 120 g. Now a 20-g piece of copper (specific gravity = 8.9) is su/u,il.)y.dl p;drrbr spended from a thread and lowered into the water, not touching
the bottom of the container. What will the scale now read?

  A piece of aluminum with a mass of 1.0 ;mx+ t8 *h*ugb3p qwunkg and density of $2700 \; kg/m^{3}$ is suspended from a string and then completely immersed in a container of water. The density of water is $1000 \; kg/m^{3}$.
(a) Determine the volume of the piece of aluminum    $\times 10^{-4} \; m^3$ (fill in numerical value only)
(b) Determine the tension in the string after the metal is immersed in the container of water $N$ (fill in numerical value only)

  A cylindrical rod of length8 xg /2 xhszh2kkyt3 k c-mu:ww72jje 7n):lhw 12 cm and diameter 2.0 cm will just barely float in water. What 7j2wxs /k2l: k t7he:gxkch-2n y3jm zu8)hwwis its mass?

  A rectangular box of negligible mass measures 5.0 m long, 1.0 m wide,qu 6 )1yxuh;by and 0.50 m high. How many kilograms of mass can be loaded onto the box befor)uu6yqy1 b;h xe it sinks in a lake?

  A $1.0 m^{3}$ object floats in water with 20% of it above the waterline. What does the object weigh out of the water?

  An object floats with half its volume beneath the surface of the watvrjug i- bn: *5kdf/h5er. The weigh:nri/5 g-bkdhjv fu5 *t of the displaced water is 2000 N. What is the weight of the object?

  A solid object floats in water with three-fou,0 e g:3lfgat.on3-p srj lb:irths of its volume beneath the surface. What is thejagg:b3,nt 0p- iol:lsfr 3.e object's density?

  A 200-N object floats with three-fourths of its volume beneath the surface of thc-b4jf7jyx , qe water. What is the buoyant force on the objy xcjf7b ,4-jqect?

  A polar bear of mass jw(t ;xcjuj08200 kg stands on an ice floe 100 cm thick. What is the minimum area of the floe that will just support the bear (0j ;ut8 cjwjxin saltwater of specific gravity 1.03? The specific gravity of ice is 0.98.

  Liquid flows through a pipe of diameter 3.0 cm at 2.0 m/s. Fi5r;k6.9 xkfmavufbte y4h50l nd the flow rate.

  Liquid flows through a 4.0 cm diameter pipe at 1b.o). nwowh vb+ ;8hhk.0 m/s. There is a 2.0 cm diameter restriction in the l)h+ vh h8w. nbo.;wokbine. What is the velocity in this restriction?

  Water flows at 12 m/s in a horizontal pi5ust j8 lf++mlpe with a pressure of $3.0 \times 10^4 \; N/m^2$. If the pipe widens to twice its original radius, what is the pressure in the wider section?

  How much pressure does it take for a pump to supply a drinkingdp lwr8j)58n3 eju3fajr74wu fountain with 300 kPa, if f3auw4p)j u w35jd7enr8jl r8 the fountain is 30.0 m above the pump?

  A hole of radius 1.0 mm occurs in the bottom of a water szvi3l36l kvb.tn7 ugrn o 24+storage tank that holds water at a depth of tn4gv 6+3l iob n.z2rlvk3u 7s15 m. At what rate will water flow out of the hole?

  Water flows through a horizontal pipe of cross-sectional agns rl+u3d y. seg5.vh:: :, (vgeayizrea $10.0 \; cm^{2}$ at a pressure of 0.250 atm. The flow rate is $1.00 \times 10^{-3} \; m^{3}/s$. At a valve, the effective cross-sectional area of the pipe is reduced to $5.00 \; cm^{2}$. What is the pressure at the valve?

  SAE No. 10 oil has a visco 8 y bcqclq2/4y,7s2d3lvpr tfsity of 0.20 Pa-s. How long would it take to pour 4.0 L of oil through a funnel with a neck 15 cm long and 2.0 cm in diameter? Assume the surface of the oil is kept 6 cm above the top of the neck, and neglect any drag effects due to the upper payslf,t2 rcy2l/qb8 pdcq73v4 rt of the funnel.

  Suppose that the build-up of fatty tissue 6,7cgrbo 7/otxscz *ion the wall of an artery decreased the radius by 10%. By how much would the o6g,s7r*b cz7coi/t xpressure provided by the heart have to be increased to maintain a constant blood flow?

  Two narrow tubes are placed in a pan of water. Tube A has twice the diameter ofb**o u hr 5j e;;rwfna7u.9qs9kgot+n tube B. If water rises 24 cm in tube A, hq *frrtsg oju*nwuo;+ . 9kn; be7a95how high will it rise in tube B?

  The surface tension of wateg0z(0jsmpuj p/ng+ 5sr is 0.073 N/m. How high will water rise in a capillary tube of diametesjz gnpjs5 /u00gm+p(r 1.2 mm?

  232

  To what height would water at 0 degree Celsius rise in a glass capgnp:n ekp :w(yfo2c7x 5sqe0+p(e7a a illary tube with a diameter ak77(y025xew +p(ppaqscngonf :: eeof
0.50 mm?

  A narrow tube is placed vertically in a pa)06clr*dlt0t)bvtf bn of water, and the water rises in the tube to 4.0 cm above the level of the pan. The surface tension in the liquid is lowere0*) t v ltlfbd6bct)0rd to one-half its original value by the addition of some soap. What happens to the height of the liquid column in the tube?

  Consider a rectangular frame of length 0.120 m and widtp+0 )c71x0 ;gl;dx qcdx(ne0hbt k;am0cg igfh 0.600 m with a soap film formed within its confined area. If the surface tension of soapy water is 0.0260 N/m, how much force does the soap film exert on the mbg;adqc7;0tecxxn0 f(ghl0 c)dixp+k0 1 ;g0.600 m side?

  An adjustable rectangular frame has length 12 cm and width 5 cm, a 5v)c.3g w0 ; wsbifvxkx;plb)nd is built in such a way that one of the longer sides can be moved without bursting the soap film contained in the frame. Soapy water has surface tension 0.026 N/x xi0w;5;w p)vv.fbl)3 cs gbkm. How much work is required to move the adjustable long side so that the frame is 12 cm square?