The three common phases ofd8f7/ fsksbqusp f+o7y,u3 v3 matter are

  Density is

  Substance A has a de)e8ns :y h14 grf5ru -qhvkaz.:c rq3nnsity of $3.0 \; g/cm^{3}$ and substance B has a density of $4.0 \; g/cm^{3}$. In order to obtain equal masses of these two substances, the ratio of the volume of A to the volume of B will be equal to

  Pressure is

  Which of the following is not a uni4ev 6,l.q7 a.ds ;7gep 4lqmoz7f izimt of pressure?

  Consider three drinking glasses. All three have the same area base k6g z( gjjhbly..4(ul, and all three are filled to the same depth with water. Glass A is cylindrical. Glass B is widezyulj.lgj(( .b kh g46r at the top than at the bottom, and so holds more water than A. Glass C is narrower at the top than at the bottom, and so holds less water than A. Which glass has the greatest liquid pressure at the bottom?

  What is the difference between the presf5zvw*q 12zoqsures inside and outside a tire called?

  When atmospheric pressccjz0 etcqqh1a8(zyh0n*d8 ,ure changes, what happens to the absolute pressure at the bottom of yh80,( hqdt*c0ce zczj8anq1 a pool?

  You are originally 1.0 m beneath the surface of a pool. s;9zf9co;5 ,rohgc 3dzm;z( xdcwgn5If you dive to 2.0 m beneath the surfac9oo53w9gz gnc5 x;mcr(,hz c; dzs f;de, what happens to the absolute pressure on you?

State Pascal's principlerzdg3tist69l(lp+ n/ .

State Archimedes' prinz2*iwlgw-mz j /*z8r7rlg w7k ciple.

  $50 \; cm^{3}$ of wood is floating on water, and $50 \; cm^{3}$ of iron is totally submerged. Which has the greater buoyant force on it?

  As a rock sinks deeper and deeper into water ocn ((/.b,;vd 0b zqm5 rokcdsmf constant density, what happens to the bu dm/do q(b(.z b5,;ncvmrc0s koyant force on it?

  Salt water has greater density t) aawjq ks*5dcr6o d1.han fresh water. A boat floats in both fresh water and in sj.)cq6*oddaarsk1w 5 alt water. Where is the buoyant force greater on the boat?

  Salt water is more dense thans6zx04ca flckc48f)7n 5v qly fresh water. A ship floats in both fresh water and salt water. Comalq fkz4cyn)cvc78 4 sfxl650pared to the fresh water, the volume of water displaced in the salt water is

  A steel ball sinks in water but floats in a pool of mercur lhho2c8p.jkr :ue9gv , dtv3q0j-c .iy. Where is the buoyant force on the balt vkv0gul d8p-e2i,. hc3oc:.jh9r jql greater?

  A 10-kg piece of aluminum sits at the bottom of a lake, rifnx,mrxph2xvj r ,8 p wkz;6lh21m01a 9czc,fght next to a 10-kg piece of lez6,a891pxk, x;ch,mvchfxfnl mr21zj2p 0rw ad. Which has the greater buoyant force on it?

  A piece of iron rests on top of ae frau5p5 :3f 49z3th,excobk piece of wood floating in a bathtub. If the iron is removed from the wood, what happens to the water level in a:r5ct4b3eokp ,3 5f xef uzh9the tub?

  A piece of wood is floating in a bathtub. A second piece of wood si,p a6rwm.*s (t *murdats on top of the first piece, and does not touch the water. If the top piece is taken off and placed in the water, what happens to maatp *.w 6s*,d rmr(uthe water level in the tub?

  Water flows through a pipe. The diameter of the pipe xh .- t pw;b, wc*s+t;mtmkw3lat point B is larger than at point A. Where iswwcm3hk*;t wm.tx psb,-t+l; the speed of the water greater?

  An ideal fluid flows at 12 m/s in a horizontal pipe. If the pipepl4av -r/ka akje21j ) widens to twice its original radius, what is the flow speed ina- j /jl2ek4kpr)1ava the wider section?

  An ideal fluid flows at 12 m/s in a horizontal pipe. If the pipe naru+w3 hk,aa ex2rows to half its original radius, what is the flow speed in the,2akaw3x +heu narrower section?

State Bernoulli's priny0c3 kt gfuv99ciple.

  Which one of the following is associated with the law of conservatihow zo6c/k7 umh4dn i7q)d/5 fon of energy in f5)7/uz hcih6dwn/o7m kod qf4luids?

  As the speed of a moving fluid increase*pb;cf+m )fp yeaa s2/u yqp3:s, the pressure in the fluid

  Water flows through a pipe. The diameter of th srb n, cnp:qcdb)pj,41qy,1 ke pipe at point B is larger than at pp,bjqy,1dn : pn)4k1cr qbcs ,oint A. Where is the water pressure greatest?

  When you blow some air above a paper strip, the paper rises. This is becaik-cmvo,w djwe(-t221vbkp7 use

  A sky diver falls through the air at terminal veloc0ikci7 up8 -nyity. The force of air resistance on hiu -nc7 yipk08im is

  Two Styrofoam balls,it-/ehw( kyi/k nuw69 g7no)g of radii R and 2R, are released simultaneously from a tall tower. Which will reach the wg9 /ti(n)hu7yke-w o6n /kigground first?

  When a small spherical rock oah :bl46x oi5 r01lwhmf radius r falls through water, it experiences a drag lh imbxo 0lh4r :w651aforce $F=arv$, where $v$ is its velocity and $a$ is a constant proportional to the viscosity of water. From this, one can deduce that if a rock of diameter 2.0 mm falls with terminal velocity, $v$, then a rock of diameter 4.0 mm will fall with terminal velocity .

  Which has the greatest effey3bqu f o m*o3s3b,g;ofco6ak22 jh: cct on the flow of fluid through a narrow pipe? That is, if you made a 10% change in each of the quantities below, which would cause the greatest change inbk2uscqoo h3o,3 6y bgf mja3o*;:cf2 the flow rate?

  Two horizontal pipes are the same length, but pipe B has twice :*bzp9 ii ra:jthe diameter of pipe A. Water undergoes viscous flow in both pipes, subb rpa*::j i9ziject to the same pressure difference across the lengths of the pipes. If the flow rate in pipe A is Q, what is the flow rate in pipe B?

  Two horizontal pipes have the same diameter, but pipe B isn*4( 00r pzitc:k /sa7i yecon twice as long as pipezcn7p(/ocsn4 y00t:rei*aki A. Water undergoes viscous flow in both pipes, subject to the same pressure difference across the lengths of the pipes. If the flow rate in pipe B is Q, what is the flow rate in pipe A?

  When soup gets cold, it often tastes greasy. This "greasy" taste seems to be atty bcru/smb8vl3k)b 532 u7hssociated with oil spreading out all ov /hkt3u cbr8tyu2 m sb)lv573ber the surface of the soup, instead of staying in little globules. To us "physikers", this is readily explained in terms of

  When a tube of diameter d is placed in water, thet:9.d/se oyszt2jm4 6kst, zg water rises to a height h. If the diameter were half , m9t4j :6kest2zz ogst /ds.yas great, how high would the water rise?

  Certain insects, such as the wathr gpkel m9z)/ zp+wj :d67:seer bug, are sufficiently lightweight that they can run on top of water without breaking the surface tension. Water bug A has weight W. Water bug B is twice as big as bug A, in all dimensions. That is, bug B is twice as long, twice as wide, etc. What is the z/6 e:kl: pmdgz js+rpeh9w)7weight of bug B?

  Certain insects, such as the water bug, are sufficiently lightwk9sv5 kj7qyor1e x n*2eight that they can run on top of water without breaking the surface tension. This is possible because the water, due to surface tension, exerts an upward force on the bottom of the bug's feet5kx k*yq1j9 7rno v2es. Suppose that the maximum possible upward force on the feet of water bug A is F. Now suppose that water bug B is twice as big as bug A in every dimension. That is, bug B is twice as long, twice as wide, etc. What is the maximum upward force on the feet of bug B?

  A plastic block of dimensions 2.00 cm x 3.00 cm x 4.0(e84ddu emr5 m0 cm has a mass of 30.0 g. What is i ur4e(ddmm58e ts density?

  A liquid has a specific gravity o6d peo:tx jf7,f 0.357. What is its density?

  A brick weighs 50.0 N, ancrzz .n3n8v)w fc9 q)6lsv6bg0d c 2rsd measures 30.0 cm x 10.0 cm x 4.00 cm. What is the maximum pn 2qsbr69 s0cvdg8z)z 3.cv)6wln rfcressure it can exert on a horizontal surface?

  A person weighing 900 N is standi,h ;55nuol*mzl) l lodng on snowshoes. Each snowshoe has area $2500 \; cm^{2}$. What is the pressure on the snow?

  How much pressure (absolute) m.c(jgp +n 6q(iwx9yg fust a submarine withstand at a depth of 120.0 m in the occw(.(xq6ggnij +fp9 yean?

  A circular window of 30 cm diameter in a submarine can withstand ad-qk+ : by83zv)tmmkz maximum force )3tqkdyzk: -+mbm vz8of $5.20 \times 10^{5} \; N$. What is the maximum depth in a lake to which the submarine can go without damaging the window?

  What is the gauge pressure if dpn a90 ualbbd3+ 7be3the absolute pressure is 300 kPa?

  What is the gauge pressure at a location 15.0 ilq1p,3aa ri 3m below the surface of sea? (The density of seawate i,laqa3ir13 pr is $1.03 \times 10^3 \; kg/m^{3}$.)

  What is the absolute pressure at a location 15.0 m below the sudgq7lw ez0bm:k9hf vo(191 q-wd ucz-rface of sea? (Thmu 7do q1dfe wh0(w9-gz-qblv: c1kz9e density of seawater is $1.03 \times 10^3 \; kg/m^{3}$.)

  A 500-N weight sits on the small piston of a hydraul9 j8d cnlu(;fpic machine. The small piston has area 9unldc; fp j(8$2.0 \; cm^{2}$. If the large piston has area $40 \; cm^{2}$, how much weight can the large piston support?

  In a hydraulic garage lifpg2 3ijo 7l*dfxc3qc11zp ys6 t, the small piston has a radius of 5.0 cm and the large piston has a radius of 15 cm. What force must be applied on the small piston in order to lift a car weic*l1q7spy1xg o6 d 3cfz3j2 ipghing 20,000 N on the large piston?

  A 13,000 N vehicle is to /s fx2aym, p)d5fk vk7be lifted by a 25 cm diameter hydraulic piston. What force needs to be applied to a 5.0 cm diameter piston to accomp7faxv/ym skkf) 5p,d2lish this?

  The small piston of a hydraulic lib0h m7 wa wuf-( xmvt da2 ,nlcli+27g3nrd9k-ft has a diameter of 8.0 cm, and its large piston (w,gmldx- ki2nd2w3h+7-9b cn t mrlf7a av0uhas a diameter of 40 cm. The lift raises a load of 15,000 N.
(a) Determine the force that must be applied to the small piston    $N$ (fill in numerical value only)
(b) Determine the pressure applied to the fluid in the lift    $\times 10^5 \; Pa$ (fill in numerical value only)

  A block of metal weighs 40 yohu6+r ,h :8giy7sdoN in air and 30 N in water. What is the buoyant force of ,8 y+h:ohgyui7sr6d othe water?

  An object has a volume gtg-,:p c0s; z;u bhnpof $4.0 \; m^{3}$ and weighs 40,000 N. What will its weight be in water?

  A 4.00-kg cylinder of solid iron is supported by r0wdasm7 4xy2a string while submerged in water. What is the tension in the string? (The specific gravit74yw r2 msx0ady of iron is 7.86.)

  If the density of go3 srv ;k-r/iwvtt;w1 w0hlj ph iy64g-ld is $19.3 \times 10^3 kg/m^{3}$, what buoyant force does a 0.60-kg gold crown experience when it is immersed in water?

  A crane lifts a steel subau)5 e,c1nvfcafy 2n2n u p-a2marine (density = $7.8 \times 10^3 \; kg/m^{3}$) of mass 20,000 kg. What is the tension in the lifting cable (1) when the submarine is submerged, and (2) when it is entirely out of the water?

  An object weighs 7.84 N when it is in air and 6.86 N when it is immersed;t5v vbbho-o3 in water. What is the specith bo 3b;ov-v5fic gravity of the object?

  A container of water is placed on a scale, and the scale rea+rb1ati v zq3;ds 120 g. Now a 20-g piece of copper (specific gravity = 8.9) is suspended from a thread and l zba+tv13;rq iowered into the water, not touching
the bottom of the container. What will the scale now read?

  A piece of aluminum with a 4c5hiha*0j2dfwl a9u mass of 1.0 kg and density of $2700 \; kg/m^{3}$ is suspended from a string and then completely immersed in a container of water. The density of water is $1000 \; kg/m^{3}$.
(a) Determine the volume of the piece of aluminum    $\times 10^{-4} \; m^3$ (fill in numerical value only)
(b) Determine the tension in the string after the metal is immersed in the container of water $N$ (fill in numerical value only)

  A cylindrical rod of ldv.4) kb icg0uength 12 cm and diameter 2.0 cm will just barely float in water. What is its 0 g .vc4duibk)mass?

  A rectangular box ofiz wfl* /a45yg+ uhxlgjk i7;7 negligible mass measures 5.0 m long, 1.0 m wide, and 0.50 m high. How many kilograms of+i7*fky/5l ;hjuglwi z7gxa4 mass can be loaded onto the box before it sinks in a lake?

  A $1.0 m^{3}$ object floats in water with 20% of it above the waterline. What does the object weigh out of the water?

  An object floats with half its volume beneath the surface of the water. The y/q2 m/e tbpbu679l jkweight of the displaced water is 2009mq bebj67lp2//u kyt 0 N. What is the weight of the object?

  A solid object floats in water wittz.k.bg-d:hhzq1j i 5qc g f6;h three-fourths of its volume beneath the surface. What is tj - ;6zgk1h qifchbg5t:d q..zhe object's density?

  A 200-N object floats with three-k8cotklk*xw1jed0 2k/qea* i k3m1x5 fourths of its volume beneath the surface of the water. What is the buoyant force on ttwa/ q1jl ke1*ox3d* ik08e5kkm cxk2he object?

  A polar bear of mass 200 kg stands on an ice floe 100 cm thic nop5oni9*z0 o8hg it-k. What is the minimum area of the floe that will just support the bear in saltwater of specific gravity 1.03? The specific goo5-ini n tozh gp809*ravity of ice is 0.98.

  Liquid flows through a pipe of diameter 3.0 cm at 2.0 m/s. hfl0*n be ;ys0ac7n. ljf 27stFind the flow rate.

  Liquid flows through a 4.0 cm diameter pipe at 1.0 m *5 codzjy n7ygb+sf-//s. There is a 2.0 cm diameter restriction in the line. yosj -gf/7d5bc*z +ny What is the velocity in this restriction?

  Water flows at 12 m/s in a horizontal pipe with a pressure o,yfhk:t c p(zm*itl0+7o-.osv; qlgjf $3.0 \times 10^4 \; N/m^2$. If the pipe widens to twice its original radius, what is the pressure in the wider section?

  How much pressure does it take for a pump to supply a 8 /uaojlox*o,drinking fountain with 300 kPa, if the foun, o oo*xja/u8ltain is 30.0 m above the pump?

  A hole of radius 1.0 mm occurs in the bottom of a wa ppn3po7 1gtop 0 gjbx)yp47.dter storage tank that holds water at a depth of 15 m. At what rate will water flow out )pg yb otp0 .7pjg3pdn4po7x1 of the hole?

  Water flows through a horizontal pipe of cross-secnx;ve zdu a+7z 6i;xiyn90e u e)pb;h1tional area $10.0 \; cm^{2}$ at a pressure of 0.250 atm. The flow rate is $1.00 \times 10^{-3} \; m^{3}/s$. At a valve, the effective cross-sectional area of the pipe is reduced to $5.00 \; cm^{2}$. What is the pressure at the valve?

  SAE No. 10 oil has a viscosity of 0.20 Pa-s. How long would it take to pour 4.r f ev n;rkkfgm(v93*(9/k fyj0 L of oil through a funnel with a neck 15 cm long /nfy(*9jgkk f f3rv9(vermk;and 2.0 cm in diameter? Assume the surface of the oil is kept 6 cm above the top of the neck, and neglect any drag effects due to the upper part of the funnel.

  Suppose that the build-up of fatty tissue onsh.+y3qvu ih+(st8vgnk tw ( 7 the wall of an artery decreased the radius by 10%. By vnh +k 7w.3qt (uv+s 8(gsihythow much would the pressure provided by the heart have to be increased to maintain a constant blood flow?

  Two narrow tubes are placed in a panvp4:i -lq0w uenzt5 o/ of water. Tube A has twice the diameter of tube B. If water rises 24 cm iovqin 5 /w4pzu:0el- tn tube A, how high will it rise in tube B?

  The surface tension of water is 0.073 N/m. How high will wm 1b/u/t *u8b7)5,ij nbtjx yxsu ihp*ater rise in a capillary tub8y/sbnbu xh m,i)tji7t5x 1u/uj*p*be of diameter 1.2 mm?

  232

  To what height would waterfn a)cnl9eb8 f4qritn,.0 fn : at 0 degree Celsius rise in a glass capillary tube wibl a:089. nfc,ne tnf4n)qfi rth a diameter of
0.50 mm?

  A narrow tube is placed vertically in a pan of water, and the water rises in t/ np 8g q;l;y/)cxsdsl ;cjlf*he tube to 4.0 cm above the level of the pan. The surface tension in the liquid is lowe)j8flgqpsnx ;lsy ;c*cl;/d/red to one-half its original value by the addition of some soap. What happens to the height of the liquid column in the tube?

  Consider a rectangular frame of tc98powl )kik5ue5fyp.vy.5 length 0.120 m and width 0.600 m with a soap film formed within its confinepe5ocp.ufy k.vkw i) 8lt559y d area. If the surface tension of soapy water is 0.0260 N/m, how much force does the soap film exert on the 0.600 m side?

  An adjustable rectangular frame has length 12 c2:; k+lez edsqm and width 5 cm, and is built in such a way that one of the longer sides can be moved without bursting the soap film contained in the frame. Soapy water has surface tension 0.026 N/m. How much work is required to move the adjustable loze+le:;q dk2 sng side so that the frame is 12 cm square?