The three common phases of ma)zm4aa qgsh 5b:il/n7tter are

  Density is

  Substance A has a deyjbbf xk20 .2igdp -6 .ep,ozensity of $3.0 \; g/cm^{3}$ and substance B has a density of $4.0 \; g/cm^{3}$. In order to obtain equal masses of these two substances, the ratio of the volume of A to the volume of B will be equal to

  Pressure is

  Which of the followingb ytk:2 98l)rfu 6bn9nfc;eg* 3l kqmc is not a unit of pressure?

  Consider three drinking glasses. All three havexiujk 1cmf7*6q3 nu /e the same area base, and all three are filled to the same depth with water. Glass A is cylindrical. Glass B is wider at the top than at the bottom, and u/cni*1ku3 ej76 fmxqso holds more water than A. Glass C is narrower at the top than at the bottom, and so holds less water than A. Which glass has the greatest liquid pressure at the bottom?

  What is the difference between the pressures inside and outside a 6 m(yzmapne 3sf0/ly.tire called?

  When atmospheric pressure chd5kc:, qb2mxo3kwe7p ef.t2 5hp fj m(anges, what happens to the absolute pressure at the bottom of 2kdqtp2 hf5, op(fe3w kcmmjb7 :e 5.xa pool?

  You are originally 1.0 m beneath the surface of a pool. ilm6wo/fru *35sy iqat . 8-t6g y2pqy:ia+uq If you dive to 2.0 m beneath the surface, what happens to the absolute pressure on y 8ysutl-o qy+*.wt f m ygii3p/aqau65iqr26:ou?

State Pascal's principleq.s qtr9; 3(g6qiihc h.

State Archimedes' princilqn 8z/llirs/t+/ n j0ple.

  $50 \; cm^{3}$ of wood is floating on water, and $50 \; cm^{3}$ of iron is totally submerged. Which has the greater buoyant force on it?

  As a rock sinks deeper and d bx-ms()o u+p*ktbj,reeper into water of constant density, what happens to the buoyantrk( b*sx,bmou)+jp- t force on it?

  Salt water has greater density gcm ++rc0q 4 yhla*yv/than fresh water. A boat floats in both fresh water and in salt water. Where is the buoyant force grrg+lcy/0v mc*a+4y qheater on the boat?

  Salt water is more dense than fresh wateakyyp56btea2 ,h uj e9d+0jd o;yh:b-r. A ship floats in both fresh water and salt water.ejbu;,0p yja5 6a dh:bhy +29o de-tky Compared to the fresh water, the volume of water displaced in the salt water is

  A steel ball sinks in water but floatj2v p dhrvfra nz*v0ie.7**+.p5ynsks in a pool of mercury. Where is the buoyant force on the zs .v0rij*7pp*2dn kvavn reh5 .*+fyball greater?

  A 10-kg piece of alumxd0;ccrw 9cd.inum sits at the bottom of a lake, right next to a 10-kg piece of lead. Which has thed9ccx; d.c0 wr greater buoyant force on it?

  A piece of iron rests on top of a pie6 prphipdc2b ,a(3jix /.y2p;s kjb: gce of wood floating in a bathtub. If the iron is removed from the wood, wygx6pic as2kbr(pdi pb;ph j .2j: ,/3hat happens to the water level in the tub?

  A piece of wood is floating in a bathtub. A secon:0pv ;i 4vue x:vytx,dd piece of wood sits on top of the first piece, and does not touch the water::vx;4xpu0 y,vve idt. If the top piece is taken off and placed in the water, what happens to the water level in the tub?

  Water flows through a pipe. The diameter of the pipe at po4j vgs:b7 5svzint B is larger than at point A. Where is the speed of the water gr7 sgz5:4jbvsveater?

  An ideal fluid flows at 12 m/s in a horizontal pipe. If t7x44yf.nuh9pja:m o ehe pipe widens to twice its m:4a 7upo4fhx.n yej9original radius, what is the flow speed in the wider section?

  An ideal fluid flows at 12 m/s in a hord. zjp+pk oig-2ds+,eizontal pipe. If the pipe narrows to half its original radius, whikg+o ,.pepd2d- s +zjat is the flow speed in the narrower section?

State Bernoulli's pri)zv+2 mlwbgcon/o6g2nciple.

  Which one of the following is associated with the law of con3w ddnhgg36 *e1h1ocvservation of energy in fludvh c3*g61ogew3d n1 hids?

  As the speed of a moving fluid increasekonok;/25 q 7y hwf9wys, the pressure in the fluid

  Water flows through a pipe. The diameter of the pipiw-w ;u w t5/x7yx p0h+/ceqxme at point B is larger than at point A. Where is the water pressure gtwxe7y;+-q h5 0pm /icwxx/ wureatest?

  When you blow some air above a p7sgzgwp :f4g)aper strip, the paper rises. This is because

  A sky diver falls through the aoti4)64r(pd) fld f ezir at terminal velocity. The force of air resistance on hi eoit4zff4))d6d( l prm is

  Two Styrofoam balls, ofb7bh4i yx h7m: radii R and 2R, are released simultaneously from a tall tow ybh :xim4h7b7er. Which will reach the ground first?

  When a small spherical rock of radius r falm),* xg9aq ve1hm,it uls through water, it experiences a dr h xaet)1vm*,qi, mg9uag force $F=arv$, where $v$ is its velocity and $a$ is a constant proportional to the viscosity of water. From this, one can deduce that if a rock of diameter 2.0 mm falls with terminal velocity, $v$, then a rock of diameter 4.0 mm will fall with terminal velocity .

  Which has the greatest effect on the flow of fluid throughp x pnrc8 kzm/g- pnm*(8a);wy a narrow pipe? That is, if you mad/z(x- cy par) mp; m8nkn8*pgwe a 10% change in each of the quantities below, which would cause the greatest change in the flow rate?

  Two horizontal pipes are the same length, but pipe B has twice the diame9y0y0zy1fqvg ter of pipe A. Water undergq0 yzyfg9vy10 oes viscous flow in both pipes, subject to the same pressure difference across the lengths of the pipes. If the flow rate in pipe A is Q, what is the flow rate in pipe B?

  Two horizontal pipes have the same diameter, but pipe B is twice as long -j bvz:)kqd,p g1g9zo as pipe A. Water undergoes viscous flow in both pipes, subject to o 9vgp1q-jg,z : )kbzdthe same pressure difference across the lengths of the pipes. If the flow rate in pipe B is Q, what is the flow rate in pipe A?

  When soup gets cold, it often tastes greasy. This "greasy" taste seems to be afj syik:md*9ej8 ) 2xs r/aueg,c*ie-ssociated with of /uxd)eg*is,9iyk *mre2:j je8sc a-il spreading out all over the surface of the soup, instead of staying in little globules. To us "physikers", this is readily explained in terms of

  When a tube of diameter d is placed 7 2nh6dgq-qu;uwqaw6 in water, the water rises to a height h. If the diame 6uqgq 2h wwd7-auq6n;ter were half as great, how high would the water rise?

  Certain insects, such as the wabfd4 e y28q5( 4m 50m.dvr9 jettvog ans;otk;ter bug, are sufficiently lightweight that they can run on top of water without brea8v4o( .d0 tjs; ktt9ea o4r2nvmm;eq d5ygf 5bking the surface tension. Water bug A has weight W. Water bug B is twice as big as bug A, in all dimensions. That is, bug B is twice as long, twice as wide, etc. What is the weight of bug B?

  Certain insects, such as the water bug, are sufficien2s5di zg.co,:kgyvd)uh /3j+fh.sxm b3 rlr + tly lightweight that they can run on top of water without breaking the surface tension. This is possible because the water, due to surface tension, exerts an upward force on the bottom of the bug's feet. Suppose that the maximum possible upward force on the feet of water bug csl5du+of+) g dsk.z/hmgh 2rrjx3v3b,.y: iA is F. Now suppose that water bug B is twice as big as bug A in every dimension. That is, bug B is twice as long, twice as wide, etc. What is the maximum upward force on the feet of bug B?

  A plastic block of dimensions 2.00 cm g wb ;wfgr 5v ;t*v8d dgj.04lls4g1ntx 3.00 cm x 4.00 cm has a mass of 30.0 g. What is its denbjgr1 w g vg80swf5nttvd ;4;4llgd.*sity?

  A liquid has a specific gravity of 0.357. What is its densi4/aa ra+p wp*nr 4j;ptty?

  A brick weighs 50.0 N, and measures 30.0 c,z1zq89 lr3iu f leq1om x 10.0 cm x 4.00 cm. What is the maximum po lze3 l9f 1qiz1r8qu,ressure it can exert on a horizontal surface?

  A person weighing 90wr+3def t*q ) ce9t)pvo tk;vguh0o960 N is standing on snowshoes. Each snowshoe has area $2500 \; cm^{2}$. What is the pressure on the snow?

  How much pressure (absolute) must a submarine withstand at a depr.9* mk ,ylynqth of 120.0 m in t,k.rm9l y*qnyhe ocean?

  A circular window of 30 cm diameter in a submarine can wdn xbh5:j.evb8ani(o tz;.z1 ithstand a maximum forceo .d8 xzj1h;n.vbiz ae5n:( tb of $5.20 \times 10^{5} \; N$. What is the maximum depth in a lake to which the submarine can go without damaging the window?

  What is the gauge pressure if the q/ / d/kqk7luepu quyhj 3r/8hua4l48g; x +oxabsolute pressure is 300 kPa?

  What is the gauge pressure xyrw;13*gjvz3mx5 z kat a location 15.0 m below the surface of sea? (The density of 13m xk5xrj3gz*;v wzyseawater is $1.03 \times 10^3 \; kg/m^{3}$.)

  What is the absolute pressure at a location 15.0 m be08-8c8(bhxbtozldtv fvm xgbg 93) h 5low the surface of sea? (The densibz thbxh9m v08()gt 8 d-gb5xfl83co vty of seawater is $1.03 \times 10^3 \; kg/m^{3}$.)

  A 500-N weight sits on the small piston of a hydraulic mac50cgt(2q ypjp hine. The small piston has aqtp502jy c g(prea $2.0 \; cm^{2}$. If the large piston has area $40 \; cm^{2}$, how much weight can the large piston support?

  In a hydraulic garage lift, the small piston has a radius of 5.0 cm and txvkye;:t n+ ;khe large piston has a radius of 15 cm. What force must be applied on the small piston in order to lift a car weighing 20,000 N on the l nk;:et+;yk vxarge piston?

  A 13,000 N vehicle is to be lifted by uj:z my 6tqif: 6b37jdm.aoqz1ds4(c a 25 cm diameter hydraulic piston. What force needs to be applied to a 5.0 cm diame31t6ym cjd:: dbf6 4oqi.7(zsujm qzater piston to accomplish this?

  The small piston of a hydraulic lift has a diameter of 8.0 cm, and its lar tm* f6uzoli.;w hwdq30u;xt4 ge piston has a diameter of fmutz;tx d.iw 3h6lw0o*u; q4 40 cm. The lift raises a load of 15,000 N.
(a) Determine the force that must be applied to the small piston    $N$ (fill in numerical value only)
(b) Determine the pressure applied to the fluid in the lift    $\times 10^5 \; Pa$ (fill in numerical value only)

  A block of metal weighs 40 ha6r0d4m hhde2pl25f N in air and 30 N in water. What is the buoyant force of d 5f6 02relahphdmh42the water?

  An object has a volume .,qik/6b toevr0g73mwl tj3z of $4.0 \; m^{3}$ and weighs 40,000 N. What will its weight be in water?

  A 4.00-kg cylinder of solid iron is sup;wcp ga 4hh7eay+ r1y)ported by a string while submerged in water. What is the tension in the string? (The specific gravity of iron ypae7hha1c +);4y w rgis 7.86.)

  If the density of gold i26w) jz,xcn3s6qk hwls $19.3 \times 10^3 kg/m^{3}$, what buoyant force does a 0.60-kg gold crown experience when it is immersed in water?

  A crane lifts a steel subma g qm2,; aq2gkwl5nhyg)g* fm7rine (density = $7.8 \times 10^3 \; kg/m^{3}$) of mass 20,000 kg. What is the tension in the lifting cable (1) when the submarine is submerged, and (2) when it is entirely out of the water?

  An object weighs 7.8,w uf/t2w4p7etxcf w9 4 N when it is in air and 6.86 N when it is immersed in water. What is the specific gravity of tfw4,/fep2 7cw9wtx u the object?

  A container of water is placed on a sca vrpk.j,6r ydc65l 2cdco ;(pued1) x 31mglkale, and the scale reads 120 g. Now a 20-g piece of copper (specific gravity = 8.9) is suspended from a thread and lowered into the water, not touchijc2o,y5d;()c.k1 umr1 avdpk pdrl6g cel6 x3 ng
the bottom of the container. What will the scale now read?

  A piece of aluminum wibed 83h, w 82owx.stjith a mass of 1.0 kg and density of $2700 \; kg/m^{3}$ is suspended from a string and then completely immersed in a container of water. The density of water is $1000 \; kg/m^{3}$.
(a) Determine the volume of the piece of aluminum    $\times 10^{-4} \; m^3$ (fill in numerical value only)
(b) Determine the tension in the string after the metal is immersed in the container of water $N$ (fill in numerical value only)

  A cylindrical rod of length 12 cm and diamev-1uy(oehhknruvkxm9 :: p9 0ter 2.0 cm will just barely float in water. What o y(phun9:k0hv uxkm:-1r9 evis its mass?

  A rectangular box of negligible mass measures 5.0ahlq*e+vzsm- s,3lc ) m long, 1.0 m wide, and 0.50 m high. How many kilograms of mass can be loaded onto the box b3hal +,qmz sv-*s l)ceefore it sinks in a lake?

  A $1.0 m^{3}$ object floats in water with 20% of it above the waterline. What does the object weigh out of the water?

  An object floats with half its volume beneath the s/ tm,ye:n 6g h9xpfo1murface of the water. The weight of the displaced water is 2000 N. What is the weight of 6ngx ,/poymmht1 ef:9 the object?

  A solid object floats in water .wltwjnyvcwcr *j, u +gm;765 with three-fourths of its volume beneath the surface. What is thnw utr. 7+wg6myw jv j,cc;*l5e object's density?

  A 200-N object floats with three-fourths of its v( );xs8bm xtag )x+ginwz yf,)olume beneath the surface of the water.8 gz(x mfsx)+) y,x ab;i)twgn What is the buoyant force on the object?

  A polar bear of mass 200 kg stands oq -paowy+d.m z/;lc1 zn an ice floe 100 cm thick. What is the minimum area yol+;/qwmd. 1 pczaz-of the floe that will just support the bear in saltwater of specific gravity 1.03? The specific gravity of ice is 0.98.

  Liquid flows through a pipe of zx8 0dtn-rp1) ze8g dz-su.- id o+laqdiameter 3.0 cm at 2.0 m/s. Find the flow rate.

  Liquid flows through a 4.0 cm diameter pipe at 1.0 m/s. There is a 2.0 eb5e)keb9qg/ xqzoa m) 7p4d+ cm diameter restriction in the line. What is the velocity in this restrictio a7 5bzpede+m)ko94gq/eqxb) n?

  Water flows at 12 m/s in a horizontl8jr: *m:qukd al pipe with a pressure of $3.0 \times 10^4 \; N/m^2$. If the pipe widens to twice its original radius, what is the pressure in the wider section?

  How much pressure does it take for a pump to suppwve2b yeva;o49yz1y;54tqjd j-kv0rly a drinking fountain with 300 kPa, if the fountain isvq;k4t yyv r2aee 1d-v;jw9 o4j 5y0bz 30.0 m above the pump?

  A hole of radius 1.0 mm occurs in the bottom of a water sli )l h*ke rk+w69jzk0torage tank that holds water alkh i wkl6*e0z9 +)jkrt a depth of 15 m. At what rate will water flow out of the hole?

  Water flows through a horizontal pi74yeo8 d58nn 9u ip wqn2fkjz;d3cs2epe of cross-sectional area $10.0 \; cm^{2}$ at a pressure of 0.250 atm. The flow rate is $1.00 \times 10^{-3} \; m^{3}/s$. At a valve, the effective cross-sectional area of the pipe is reduced to $5.00 \; cm^{2}$. What is the pressure at the valve?

  SAE No. 10 oil has a viscosity of 0.20 Pa-s. How long would itd -,c3 yi2lzrp take to pour 4.0 L of oil through a funnel wd , rci-p32ylzith a neck 15 cm long and 2.0 cm in diameter? Assume the surface of the oil is kept 6 cm above the top of the neck, and neglect any drag effects due to the upper part of the funnel.

  Suppose that the build-up of fatty tissue on the wall of an artery decreasedy9*uzqc 9+glv ;7mujs the radius by 1usv q*u+z9jm 9gy 7;cl0%. By how much would the pressure provided by the heart have to be increased to maintain a constant blood flow?

  Two narrow tubes are placed in a pan of water. Tube A has twiceag y62dpgc9hl*+ 2gm 6aztdy:*4w, .hxrg msb the diameter of tube B. If water rises 24 cm in tube A, how high gg c:m,xmd4b.g yaa26rtyz6ws*gl p*2 + h9h dwill it rise in tube B?

  The surface tension of water is 0.073 N/m. How highpl4nkqi y7*3.8x3eku v/bxpa will water rise in a capillary tube of diamnly 83xip*3 bqvpke4a7u /x.keter 1.2 mm?

  232

  To what height would water at 0 degreyj tcvy1u1*8bc 3ec;te Celsius rise in a glass capillary tube with a diaet1cj3b1u cyyct8 * ;vmeter of
0.50 mm?

  A narrow tube is pla( yoknm9:wj;m ced vertically in a pan of water, and the water rises in the tube to 4.0 cm above thjm9oy w(nm; k:e level of the pan. The surface tension in the liquid is lowered to one-half its original value by the addition of some soap. What happens to the height of the liquid column in the tube?

  Consider a rectangular frame of length 0.120 m and width 0.600 m with a soa/9r (w2xt fmojq8ku4 +rcb*bxp film formed withi *q+2m c4 xfxo8turkb9r(jwb/ n its confined area. If the surface tension of soapy water is 0.0260 N/m, how much force does the soap film exert on the 0.600 m side?

  An adjustable rectangulr: j2.l;:dc3sk+ et 7 q5u +gtmyxugjzar frame has length 12 cm and width 5 cm, and is built in such a way that one of the longer sides can be moved without bursting the soap film contained in the frame. Soapy water has surface tension 0.026 N/m. How much work is required to move the adjustable long side so that the fragdqrjt:el.7zt y kuum +;c5jg+s23 :xme is 12 cm square?