The three common phases of mattemrexv hxpxp0(cj,8.qtw * 6o d+2njo8r are

  Density is

  Substance A has a density of w k t9(w a03uozc);nwl$3.0 \; g/cm^{3}$ and substance B has a density of $4.0 \; g/cm^{3}$. In order to obtain equal masses of these two substances, the ratio of the volume of A to the volume of B will be equal to

  Pressure is

  Which of the following is not a ugsmsi+c,cdx** 2)7w sjof tdm83c m8xnit of pressure?

  Consider three drinking glasses.32g)caois9kwy;(h s s All three have the same area base, and all three are filled to the same depth with water. Glass A is cylin y(ss)chg9i2kwoas;3 drical. Glass B is wider at the top than at the bottom, and so holds more water than A. Glass C is narrower at the top than at the bottom, and so holds less water than A. Which glass has the greatest liquid pressure at the bottom?

  What is the differencz-w0c4 712k()dwo rut ha agbvyiss: -e between the pressures inside and outside a tire called?

  When atmospheric pressureep(2z bng*aq8 changes, what happens to the absolute pressure at the bottom of a poo (gbanq *p28zel?

  You are originally 1.0 m beneath the surface of a pool. If you diz50:at tgk pd.8w 4qx/q. ebuxve to 2.0 m beneath the surface, what happens to the absolute :ztgaw 5dq. .08xeb ux/kq t4ppressure on you?

State Pascal's principlef3o8znm3k9 ri .

State Archimedes' pr*y g4vz) 9raaq7y ,ourinciple.

  $50 \; cm^{3}$ of wood is floating on water, and $50 \; cm^{3}$ of iron is totally submerged. Which has the greater buoyant force on it?

  As a rock sinks deeper and deep.atcc(brs b9 l6j e57ier into water of constant density, what happens to the7.ra6( sl tbce i5c9jb buoyant force on it?

  Salt water has greater de/dl k9b3msd:e:.hjk 6w)r; 7wppk nmznsity than fresh water. A boat floats in both fresh water and in salt water. Where is the buoyant force greater on wk7p :kbd3nkzhr:mep ms;.l/9w 6jd)the boat?

  Salt water is more dense than fresh water. A s*;z*va b 4h3u 2fuvys;pfsjv2hip floats in both fresh water and salt water. Compared to the fresh water, the volume of watuavy2*;f3uhvfb p;2v s*s z4jer displaced in the salt water is

  A steel ball sinks in water but floats in a poold*9 j3t6 fltc4ox t0md*xfn+p of mercury. Where is the buoyant force on the b*d60fj onxx mdf4tt3tc+p* l9all greater?

  A 10-kg piece of aluminum sits at the bottom of a lake, right nextcvdqgc8aq.+b6 k l.z 22pkjb4eyk) 9x to a 10-kg piece of lead. Which has the greater buoyant force on it9x.k2p6ag .b kz +y vqc j28qedk)cbl4?

  A piece of iron rests on top of a piece of wood floating in36l z p6 (qy qxr6txhqrue,5k,-clv;e a bathtub. If the iron is removed from the wood, xl 6 eq,z r;c3qyrx6ql6v(hu-p k,e5twhat happens to the water level in the tub?

  A piece of wood is floating in a bathtub. A second prkulmv gs*q,j*/-8w oiece of wood sits on top of the first pie* m-*jql8swvrug /o k,ce, and does not touch the water. If the top piece is taken off and placed in the water, what happens to the water level in the tub?

  Water flows through a pipe. The diameter of thhmlknofg.6 f+3 a4 -pe:3fzupe pipe at point B is larger than at point A. f 36kgp4l o+f.zpu:e af-h3mn Where is the speed of the water greater?

  An ideal fluid flows at 12 m/s 0:y-bn el18llmlk s 1+g6lahjin a horizontal pipe. If the pipe widens to twice its original radius, what is the flow speed in the wider section8-:10mh6sbll1lkja + nlgely?

  An ideal fluid flows at 12 m/s in a horizo xfd;zp( (yx26- q,ri5pkdn(e;taih o ntal pipe. If the pipe narrows to half its original radius, what is the flow i2rx apne i(k6z p,hty;;f(x-5(d qodspeed in the narrower section?

State Bernoulli's principlvwj l rx;5,g78sqi.uv e.

  Which one of the following is associated 4 ip sarcfrb,)u5 -v*i. 0plcrwith the law of conservation of energy in flui,u4pcfap.ics r*b iv r) -05lrds?

  As the speed of a mov5*d, 4wiuku2sii.xf iing fluid increases, the pressure in the fluid

  Water flows through a pipe. The diameter of the pipeu:i :2pb )qrvj brdr)- at point B is larger than at point A. Where is thedp:v )j ru)ir-2q:br b water pressure greatest?

  When you blow some air above a paper strip, the paper rgr;:hp uf,d. hises. This is because

  A sky diver falls through the air at terminal velocity. The force of ai63c 0i shv2xhqvhp9i-r resistance oph0icxvsh36i 9 qh2- vn him is

  Two Styrofoam balls, of radii R and 2R, are released simultanegf c 4qa64m:hwkeq1i;ously from a tall tower. Which will cgk6ei;q wh:4 4mq 1afreach the ground first?

  When a small spherical rock of radius r f c-:,x2bx:ftq mf6dh;vww :.cwisj*m alls through water, it experiences a drag force:* xiscm,cjh vm2f.w:qxdwt 6-:;f wb $F=arv$, where $v$ is its velocity and $a$ is a constant proportional to the viscosity of water. From this, one can deduce that if a rock of diameter 2.0 mm falls with terminal velocity, $v$, then a rock of diameter 4.0 mm will fall with terminal velocity .

  Which has the greatest effect on the fl0 p9 ac4ujib1xw z+odv7 ;hpo0ow of fluid through a narrow pipe? That is, if you made a 10% change in each of the quantities below, which wou 7uv;04 +1obopwadzi cx0pjh9ld cause the greatest change in the flow rate?

  Two horizontal pipes are the same length, but pipe B has twice thek2gr/6 fn jx6 nievt+9 diameter of pipe A. Water undergoes viscous flow in both pipes, subject to the same pressure difference across the lengths of the pipes. If the 6t6xf 2v /gk+n ejin9rflow rate in pipe A is Q, what is the flow rate in pipe B?

  Two horizontal pipes have the same diameter, but pibgsny;2 bq*b 1pe B is twice as long as pipe A. Water undergoes viscous flow in both pipes, subject to the same pressure difference across the b2 nqbb1;y g*slengths of the pipes. If the flow rate in pipe B is Q, what is the flow rate in pipe A?

  When soup gets cold, it often taste )t58*kp/dmdbl4 zrb bs greasy. This "greasy" taste seems to be associated with oil spreading out all over the surface of the soup, instead of staying in little globules. 4dk/dz)8bt 5lbm *pb r To us "physikers", this is readily explained in terms of

  When a tube of diameter d is placed in water, the water rises to a h*ty9k da((/j va*yl8 mib(wyu eight h. If the d* vy/tm98jd (y(*kalabwi ( yuiameter were half as great, how high would the water rise?

  Certain insects, such as the 99jsw5p ;e1 8e ifd z,pijmqk1water bug, are sufficiently lightweight that they can run on top of water without breaking the surface tension. Water bug A has weight W. Water bug B is twice as big as bumjpdi9 q8fw k;s9,zi1ee1 5jpg A, in all dimensions. That is, bug B is twice as long, twice as wide, etc. What is the weight of bug B?

  Certain insects, suc0rwwa3*rccu;do. f a(1 vh;z co0 ,mwsh as the water bug, are sufficiently lightweight that they can run on top of water without breaking the surface tension. This is possible because the water, due to surface tension, exerts an upward force on the bottom of the bug's feet. Suppose that the maximum possible upward force on the feet ozr,ws*arc ; 00u wh 3o(dco.vamcf;1w f water bug A is F. Now suppose that water bug B is twice as big as bug A in every dimension. That is, bug B is twice as long, twice as wide, etc. What is the maximum upward force on the feet of bug B?

  A plastic block of dimensions 2.00 cm x )ip k-/ :iwab 3ydt/nv3.00 cm x 4.00 cm has a mass of 30.0 g. What is its:/wp dk vy/ bni-)3tia density?

  A liquid has a specific gravity of 0.357. What is its dezs7.+sx8pf6 khrgv+vr1zz h :nsity?

  A brick weighs 50.0 Nycz 5o ia; vys76l5lp7lq.j2n, and measures 30.0 cm x 10.0 cm x 4.00 cm. What is the maximum pressure it can exert on a horizo5.ap q l sl;5jilz6v2y7o7n cyntal surface?

  A person weighing 900 N i5m6a shcl7txau0m sy/0cb 01xs standing on snowshoes. Each snowshoe has area $2500 \; cm^{2}$. What is the pressure on the snow?

  How much pressure (absolute) must a submarine withstand at a8w g;4ezzo 0cr mfy1i+ depth of 120.0 m in rw oc401; g+8imzyezf the ocean?

  A circular window of 30) uqh*- +ot+ jbk 4zyrveg;kw1 cm diameter in a submarine can withstand a maximum force ofvuo jg;4e-bqzk +w)yk1r *h+t $5.20 \times 10^{5} \; N$. What is the maximum depth in a lake to which the submarine can go without damaging the window?

  What is the gauge pressure ilj6+-zg7 rbms f the absolute pressure is 300 kPa?

  What is the gauge pressure at a location 15.0 m below the surface of sea? (Th xvubew j81-r2c1.h33edsxvje density of seawater uv-.j83rx3hc be evdxjw 11s 2is $1.03 \times 10^3 \; kg/m^{3}$.)

  What is the absolute pressure at a lkbgof nebo8iu. l:+vd+ xo-hv(d e6:.ocation 15.0 m below the surface of sea? (The density of seawater ii +.n+:6uo :e8lb x.bdd okoe(hf-gv vs $1.03 \times 10^3 \; kg/m^{3}$.)

  A 500-N weight sits on the small piston of a hydraulic machine. The smatp hfu02kasy+ b 9l-),ga1g awll piston has arbys+tag,20u-)agl 91pkfa whea $2.0 \; cm^{2}$. If the large piston has area $40 \; cm^{2}$, how much weight can the large piston support?

  In a hydraulic garage lift, the small piston has a radius of 5.0 cm and the lar(rm5 zhot4;33 a lp9 bimkwqn-ge piston has a radius of 15 cm. What force must be applied on the small piston in order to lift a car ihwka(;rmz39n3t o5l q-b4pmweighing 20,000 N on the large piston?

  A 13,000 N vehicle is to be lifted by a 25 cm diameter hydraulic p7sc kv ff39;op4iim g2iston. What force needs to be appliedf32gskv4p; mci ifo79 to a 5.0 cm diameter piston to accomplish this?

  The small piston of a hydraulic lift has a didle23) 6i mprr8mb f;zameter of 8.0 cm, and its large piston has a diameter of 40 cm. The lift raisemdb382m ip lrr); z6fes a load of 15,000 N.
(a) Determine the force that must be applied to the small piston    $N$ (fill in numerical value only)
(b) Determine the pressure applied to the fluid in the lift    $\times 10^5 \; Pa$ (fill in numerical value only)

  A block of metal weighs 40 N i h5mi62e8sle yuvc: o*n air and 30 N in water. What is the buoyant force of the watersy2co vue6lme h*85:i?

  An object has a volu d*s7d 67aduppme of $4.0 \; m^{3}$ and weighs 40,000 N. What will its weight be in water?

  A 4.00-kg cylinder of solid iron is supported by a string while submerged in wam2tj6h*kg-*w j/n rih ter. What is the tension in the string? (The specific gravity of iron -hi6w2ng*k r h/j*tjm is 7.86.)

  If the density of gou*ci cts1tx;ee9 fm7) ld is $19.3 \times 10^3 kg/m^{3}$, what buoyant force does a 0.60-kg gold crown experience when it is immersed in water?

  A crane lifts a steel submarine (densmej 1 t7(+hrjoity = $7.8 \times 10^3 \; kg/m^{3}$) of mass 20,000 kg. What is the tension in the lifting cable (1) when the submarine is submerged, and (2) when it is entirely out of the water?

  An object weighs 7.84 N when it is in air and 6.86 N when it , 7u/ j;hsvtsuis immersed in water. Wsj7/sut hv; u,hat is the specific gravity of the object?

  A container of water is placed on a scale, anvx4w b y.uj yvzw3njvwa )p3..w:, -uwd the scale reads 120 g. Now a 20-g piece of copper (snw-w j).uv, j: w3u. vy4 zawy.x3bpvwpecific gravity = 8.9) is suspended from a thread and lowered into the water, not touching
the bottom of the container. What will the scale now read?

  A piece of aluminum with a mass ofh. pji(tz5p r0 1.0 kg and density of $2700 \; kg/m^{3}$ is suspended from a string and then completely immersed in a container of water. The density of water is $1000 \; kg/m^{3}$.
(a) Determine the volume of the piece of aluminum    $\times 10^{-4} \; m^3$ (fill in numerical value only)
(b) Determine the tension in the string after the metal is immersed in the container of water $N$ (fill in numerical value only)

  A cylindrical rod of lengteh; kewr/*3 29ywmyh lwb rw/+h 12 cm and diameter 2.0 cm will just barely float in water. lhywwwe w9 /mry+b2rkeh; *3 /What is its mass?

  A rectangular box of negligible mass measures 5.0 m lwq7m (sc+upu* ong, 1.0 m wide, and 0.50 m high. How many kilograms of mass can be loaded onto7+cwp (smuq* u the box before it sinks in a lake?

  A $1.0 m^{3}$ object floats in water with 20% of it above the waterline. What does the object weigh out of the water?

  An object floats with half its volume bff+r bmbp( 5q8eneath the surface of the water. The weight of the displaced water is 2000 N. What is the weight of the o 8mr(q5 fbpf+bbject?

  A solid object floats in water with three-fourths of its volume beneath jja.fl1(k pjd-7 r ypny95jwpsav373the surface.p7 jpp9f1dray( a-.jv 3wk5sl j73jny What is the object's density?

  A 200-N object floats with three-fourths of its volume beneath the srrb3:u mz+ik 7iz.s 8jz+3wogurface of the water. What is the buoyant force on the objej+7iz+rzki3:wu3r. 8szgom b ct?

  A polar bear of mass 200 kg +1a/b( prdo1, lbna/f tfkgw.stands on an ice floe 100 cm thick. What is the minimum area of the floe that will just support the bear in saltwater of specific gravity 1.03? The specific grn,.rd f /w a /k(bbap1tf+ogl1avity of ice is 0.98.

  Liquid flows through a pipe of diameter 3.0 cm ao0xqzf0mh 8)ht 2.0 m/s. Find the flow rate.

  Liquid flows through a 4.0 cm diameter pipe atd)qvl+ljc; -r f3 k aj2,l f(gy2burw+ 1.0 m/s. There is a 2.0 cm diameter restriction in the liner(j ludq )+kg+ f lj2v r3alc-bwy,f;2. What is the velocity in this restriction?

  Water flows at 12 m/s inqm jl jp,ypz1y qm q)n15*qx:6 a horizontal pipe with a pressure of $3.0 \times 10^4 \; N/m^2$. If the pipe widens to twice its original radius, what is the pressure in the wider section?

  How much pressure does it take for2pr i l4 hd(3ub99s/puu-foy b a pump to supply a drinking fountain with 300 kPa, if the founo42lu -ud bf(rpb99 u/pi3shy tain is 30.0 m above the pump?

  A hole of radius 1.0 mm occurs in the bottom of a water storage tank that6shnoi.t.epa x g91/a,uehr 0 holds water at a depth of 15 m. At what rat hrs.ou9an,xeeg1.i 0th a/p6e will water flow out of the hole?

  Water flows through a horizontal pipe of cross-sectiona:9bav23iotj6o2+cxs o.a f sg l area $10.0 \; cm^{2}$ at a pressure of 0.250 atm. The flow rate is $1.00 \times 10^{-3} \; m^{3}/s$. At a valve, the effective cross-sectional area of the pipe is reduced to $5.00 \; cm^{2}$. What is the pressure at the valve?

  SAE No. 10 oil has a viscosity of 0.20 Pa-s. How long would itk*w3qeec.0hxo69,we5 v h 5wi2 oyzvb take to pour 4.0 L of oil through a funnel with a neck 15 cm long and 2.0 cm in diameter? Assume the surface of the oil is kept 6 cm above the top of the neck, and neglect ao 3ezc e0xvv5,k5 9 b6whw w.yqei2ho*ny drag effects due to the upper part of the funnel.

  Suppose that the build-up of fatty tissue on the wall of lj8bgsu(j :(t-ap4vg1:u okn an artery decreased the radius by 10%. By how much would the pressure provided by the heart have to be inc (s ualb1nj:o4pujk(-v 8:tg greased to maintain a constant blood flow?

  Two narrow tubes are placed in a pan of water. Tube A has twice sjdconb1d gz 1i0*;3tthe diameter of tube B. If water rises 24 cm in tube A, how high will it dd*;tsog3nz c10ib1j rise in tube B?

  The surface tension of wat10,vyu io;cxwp8 w7j ckt+qt;er is 0.073 N/m. How high will water rise in a capillary tube of diameter 1.2 mt;0tv qxywj w;ck78+ p,uoic1m?

  232

  To what height would water at 0 degree Celsius rise in a glass capillary tube wq99f (c l;junqujk: 08ox7njv ith a diamete9j(jnx q7 ;vcquk0n9uf8jo l :r of
0.50 mm?

  A narrow tube is placed s9zi1jx6q w+3e3(wwmke 7b0ls3v yfvvertically in a pan of water, and the water rises in the tube to 4.0 cm above the level of twsv6je 3qms 10+iz33e( 9kw7xlvywfbhe pan. The surface tension in the liquid is lowered to one-half its original value by the addition of some soap. What happens to the height of the liquid column in the tube?

  Consider a rectangular frame of yccgmmh i))7*length 0.120 m and width 0.600 m with a soap film formed within its confined area. If the surface tension of soapy water is 0.0260 N/m, how much force does the soap film exert on the 0.600 i7g c*hcm)m) ym side?

  An adjustable rectangular frame d8 bu 2;y 2harjn/3gprhas length 12 cm and width 5 cm, and is built in such a way that one of the longer sides can be moved without bursting the soap film contained in the frame. Soapy water has surface tension 0.026 N/m. gj8ya n p ru2h3r;b/d2 How much work is required to move the adjustable long side so that the frame is 12 cm square?