Physics Unit31: Nuclear Energy and Radiation - 51fly国际课程 (51fly.win)

?作业考试练习?国际高中通用物理?Physics Unit31: Nuclear Energy and Radiation

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习题练习：Physics Unit31: Nuclear Energy and Radiation

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作者: physics 总分: 38分得分: _____________

答题人: 游客未登录开始时间: 23年05月02日 09:09 切换到: 整卷模式

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单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

When a target nucleus is bombarded by an appropriate9 *,q6y )ggwqm;yddbv beam of particles, it is pos9dw ,6y *)dvmy;gqqbg sible to produce

A. a less massive nucleus, but not a more massive one.

B. a more massive nucleus, but not a less massive one.

C. a nucleus with smaller atomic number, but not one with a greater atomic number.

D. a nucleus with greater atomic number, but not one with a smaller atomic number.

E. a nucleus with either greater or smaller atomic number.

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单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

The mass of a proton n c-k8 n9r8bveis $1.6726 \times 10^{-27} \; kg$ and the mass of a neutron is $1.6749 \times 10^{-27} \; kg$. A proton captures a neutron forming a deuterium nucleus. One would expect the mass of this nucleus to be

A. equal to $(1.6726 + 1.6749) \times 10^{-27} \; kg$.

B. less than $(1.6726 + 1.6749) \times 10^{-27} \; kg$.

C. greater than $(1.6726 + 1.6749) \times 10^{-27} \; kg$.

D. any of these; it depends on the energy released during the capture.

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单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

In a nuclear reaction, what value is conserved q7cf 7jdk(t;sygk 1.a in addition to electric charge, energy, and moment1yt;(sg k7c.fdj q k7aum?

A. atomic number

B. neutron number

C. nucleon number

D. none of the given answers

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单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

A proton strikes an oxygen-18 nucleuym*- vrvp-6a-rhf/ l1ad as ;as producing fluorine-18 and another particle. What other particle is produced by this nucleava p6;-m*vr-r-ly1afh/ d aa sr reaction?

A. a neutron

B. an $\alpha$ particle

C. an $b-$ particle

D. an $b+$ particle

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单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

A nuclear reaction is sawne py 5np *gf-+(l5+) wipfjpid to be exothermic if the total kinetic energy is

A. less after the reaction than before.

B. equal both before and after the reaction.

C. greater after the reaction than before.

D. zero after the reaction.

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单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

A nuclear reaction is said to be endoth jk 3pke,4;(pvnrbvy8 ermic if the total kinetic energy is

A. less after the reaction than before.

B. equal both before and after the reaction.

C. greater after the reaction than before.

D. zero after the reaction.

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单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

The process during which a hi ntw0 ur-4u0seavy nucleus such as uranium splits into two intermediate-sized nuclei after being struck by a neutron i-rs0tunwu4 0 is referred to as

A. nuclear fission.

B. nuclear fusion.

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单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

The process during which sma2(3r:rq1sz q3 krtsphll nuclei combine to form larger ones is referred to 2zqp stkqrr :3h31sr( as

A. nuclear fission.

B. nuclear fusion.

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单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

How does the total mass of the products of a nuclear fission reactu9)pv.l lzn h/ion compare to thez n) lpl.v9/hu mass of the original elements?

A. greater

B. less

C. the same

D. varies according to the reaction

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10#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

How does the mass of the products of a nucxpm3o *3 1 c5hhwb2yihlear fusion reaction compare to the mass of the original epwbcim*21hh y 3xh3o5lements?

A. greater

B. less

C. the same

D. varies according to the reaction

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11#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

When light elements such as hydrogen undergo fux6s2tbt+3t pkk,r 2czsion,

A. there is a loss of mass.

B. there is an increase in mass.

C. there is no change in mass.

D. electric charge can be annihilated.

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12#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

The fuel for nuclear fissi20 9afz ytw z:jvz 0ezkx 7h71.vy-rmml1fkl2on is

A. Hydrogen

B. Helium

C. Uranium

D. any radioactive material

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13#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

The fuel for nuclear fusion in the center of t uus4gcl31*weh eeqyhv 4gkcp(/h/,:he Sun is

A. Hydrogen

B. Helium

C. Uranium

D. any radioactive material

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14#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

The energy radiated by a star, such as thek f 6t3qhwem:r.- kj (wxk-pc/ Sun, results from

A. beta decay.

B. alpha decay.

C. fission reactions.

D. fusion reactions.

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15#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

What is the source of the energy trfzzhg-4m1k -4wr 3qe he Sun radiates to us?

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16#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

What is the principle difference between a hydrogen bomb and a uran4w4ywc3t gf,od,;s qa ium bomb?

A. A uranium bomb is an atomic bomb, and a hydrogen bomb is a nuclear bomb.

B. A uranium bomb utilizes a fission reaction whereas a hydrogen bomb utilizes a fusion reaction.

C. Both work on the same principle, but the hydrogen bomb has a higher yield.

D. A hydrogen bomb converts mass into energy, whereas a uranium bomb does not.

E. One results in radioactive fallout, and the other does not.

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17#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

One sometimes hears reference to a "20-kiloton" bomb. What dort5bnqkp8k5 hp+m z9b3y v03kes this mean?

A. It means 20,000 tons of nuclear explosive is used in the bomb.

B. It means that the number of "fissile" nuclei is equal to the number of trinitrotoluene molecules in 20,000 tons of TNT explosive.

C. It means that the total weight of the bomb (not just the uranium) is 20,000 tons.

D. It means that the energy released by the bomb is equal to the energy released when 20,000 tons of TNT is exploded.

E. This refers to the maximum pressure generated by the bomb when it explodes.

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18#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

What is the meaning of the term "crq: rxwj8i/ fh:itical mass"?

A. This refers to the mass of the "critical" elements in a reactor, i.e., the uranium or plutonium.

B. This refers to the minimum amount of fissionable material required to sustain a chain reaction.

C. This is the amount of mass needed to make a power reactor economically feasible.

D. This is the material which is just on the verge of becoming radioactive.

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19#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

A chain reaction can occhp) +0mp 9sgyyur

A. in any uranium core.

B. when critical mass is reached.

C. in the center of the Sun.

D. when the coolant is too hot.

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20#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

The chief hazard of radiati. ffhw62qok 4ml.a 7knon damage to living cells is

A. due to ionization.

B. due to heating.

C. due to the creation of chemical impurities.

D. the creation of new isotopes within the body.

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21#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

What is necessary to sto q-/ gy 7xi4w)zbg3 rdpu7-ybhp beta particles?

A. air alone

B. paper

C. metal foil

D. thick metal

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22#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

What is created in pair produbc(e(pqxxna 7a1v )5ection?

A. a proton and a positron

B. an electron and an antiproton

C. an electron and a positron

D. an electron and a photon

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23#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

All of the following are units used to describe radiation dosage in.e:d;v7nddj*o7 eu v- /kybv z humans excepu .zvv ;ye- nedb dov*/djk:77t

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24#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

A unit that measures the effective dose of radiation in a human is th;4pc6wz ykgkm vv ,r96e

A. curie.

B. RBE.

C. rad.

D. rem.

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25#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

When lead-207 (Z = 82) is bombarded with ne09iltugyq g3*utrons, it can change into

A. lead-208.

B. lead-206.

C. tellurium-208 (Z = 81).

D. bismuth-208 (Z = 83).

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26#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

In the fission reactilyr / slizj-w1:pw;vm+kji 4/l8gdn y asg77 ,on $^{235}U \;+\; ^{1}n \rightarrow ^{141}Ba \;+\; ^{92}Kr \;+\; neutrons$, the number of neutrons produced is

A. zero.

B. 1.

C. 2.

D. 3.

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27#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

Complete the following nuclear reactioggtwa6tl7wf g s99e(-n: $^{16}_8 O \;+\; ^1_0 n \rightarrow \;\;\;\;\;\; \;+\; ^4_2 He$

A. $^{12} C$

B. $^{13} C$

C. $^{14} C$

D. $^{15} C$

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28#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

Complete the followin0di0 )u0oit n1-zavorpru + r72qnbm2 g nuclear reaction: $^{16}_8 O \;+\; ^4_2 He \rightarrow \;\;\;\;\;\; \;+\; ^{19}_{10} Ne$

A. $^1 p$

B. $^1 n$

C. $^2 H$

D. $^3 H$

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29#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

Complete the following nuclea wmr :g;3 7eoxih-bs:ir reaction: $^{38}_{19} K \;+\; ^1_1 H \rightarrow \;\;\;\;\;\; \;+\; ^{38}_{20} Ca$

A. $^1 p$

B. $^1 n$

C. $^2 H$

D. $^3 H$

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30#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

Complete the following nuclear reactii3;q liam/ *hzlffedf7 n8)2bon: $^3_1 H \;+\; ^3_1 H \rightarrow \;\;\;\;\;\; \;+\; ^4_2 He$

A. 2($^1 p$)

B. 2($^1 n$)

C. $^2 H$

D. $^3 H$

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31#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

Complete the following nucl,k4podr9 xi, ++zs:vt 4jqy vaear reaction: $^{27}_{13} Al (\alpha, n)$ produces

A. $^{28} P$

B. $^{29} P$

C. $^{30} P$

D. $^{31} P$

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32#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

The Q value for a particular reaction is -2.4 MeV, and the reaction's thresholdt ykg 1sjr e.;n g:33ujeo0+uy energy is 9.60 MeV. What is the ratio of the mass of the incident particle to oj+ge:; y3 ug. ns10ey tk3jurthe mass of the stationary target nucleus?

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33#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

Find the Q value of the following reactionojrul-f3ate5m 8(7wv : $^{14}_7 N \;+\; ^4_2 He \rightarrow ^{17}_8 O \;+\; ^1_1 H$
The isotopic mass for $^{14}_7 N$ is $14.003074 u$
The isotopic mass for $^4_2 He$ is $4.002603 u$
The isotopic mass for $^{17}_8 O$ is $16,999131 u$
The isotopic mass for $^1_1 H$ is $1.007825 u$

A. -0.001279 u

B. -0.002179 u

C. -0.007219 u

D. -.0.009721 u

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34#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

Find the Q value of the fol:qd; i 23h+eftg l74j9nqqn delowing reaction: $^{14}_7 N \;+\; ^4_2 He \rightarrow ^{17}_8 O \;+\; ^1_1 H$
The isotopic mass for $^{14}_7 N$ is $14.003074 u$
The isotopic mass for $^4_2 He$ is $4.002603 u$
The isotopic mass for $^{17}_8 O$ is $16,999131 u$
The isotopic mass for $^1_1 H$ is $1.007825 u$

A. $1.191 \; MeV$

B. $-1.191 \; MeV$

C. $1.279 \times 10^{-3} \; MeV$

D. $-1.279 \times 10^{-3} \; MeV$

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35#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

What is the Q value f uj wynq3b;p0a,.h;q yor the following reaction? $^{7} Li \;+\; ^1 p \rightarrow ^4 He \;+\; ^4 He$
The isotopic mass for $^7 Li$ is $7.016005 u$
The isotopic mass for $^1 p$ is $1.007825 u$
The isotopic mass for $^4 He$ is $4.002603 u$

A. $13.57 \; MeV$

B. $15.37 \; MeV$

C. $17.35 \; MeV$

D. $17.53 \; MeV$

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36#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

What is the energy of reaction ofhk 9o5 .js:awta+*qce the process $^9_4 Be \;(\alpha, n)\; ^{12}_6 C$?

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37#

单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式搜藏此题

What is the energy released (pozmnq2 w.kxg1) l/ aexu/yj s /(n)gi5ositive) or absorbed (negative) in the following reac 5zng sl/)xk2eo. x/ g)jy1(nuawimq/tion? $^3 H \;+\; ^3 H = ^4 He \;+\; 2(^1 n)$
The isotopic mass for $^3H$ is 3.016049 u
The isotopic mass for $^4He$ is 4.002603 u
The isotopic mass for $^1n$ is 1.008665 u

A. $0.0122 \; MeV$

B. $-0.0122 \; MeV$

C. $11.3 \; MeV$

D. $-11.3\; MeV$

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An X-ray technician takes an average of ten X-rays per day and receives z k;/xd8kj(dm 9 4u;7le7bacdnng uo)2.5 mrad per X-ray. What is the total dose th7l4ad8jd/7mng ;;9 uo d(u)x bn ekczke technician receives in 250 working days?

A. $2.50 \; rem$

B. $5.00 \; rem$

C. $6.25 \; rem$

D. $7.75 \; rem$

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