The three common phases of matter 9bs 4xd*)9 w q:m*xsq)hmfvhjare

  Density is

  Substance A has a density of 10bzg2m 4k;khf/ osqdl3 vn,t$3.0 \; g/cm^{3}$ and substance B has a density of $4.0 \; g/cm^{3}$. In order to obtain equal masses of these two substances, the ratio of the volume of A to the volume of B will be equal to

  Pressure is

  Which of the following is not a unit of pre9j7t8 fjlf4 u) om-//6c,tji myac.0ipes ehessure?

  Consider three drinking glaib0:mdq0 n i)nsses. All three have the same area base, and all three are filled to the same depth with water. Glass A is cylindrical. Glass B is wider at the top than at the bottom, and so holds more water than A. Glass C is narrower at the top than at the bottom, and so holds less water than A. )0:nb0ndmqi i Which glass has the greatest liquid pressure at the bottom?

  What is the difference betweeiy+qa:ehe 3+d n the pressures inside and outside a tire called?

  When atmospheric pressr6 m+ikjeu;sfb, +dj :ure changes, what happens to the absolute pressure at the bottom of a poo +ke6b:usrmj+,;i df jl?

  You are originally 1. or8wc(g*zd9i z5b n0m0 m beneath the surface of a pool. If you dive to 2.0 m beneath the surface, what happens to the absolute pred9 w*5mz (ozi c8b0grnssure on you?

State Pascal's princi0/m xq4hqv c:qple.

State Archimedes' prkxrc6-d u)kg *inciple.

  $50 \; cm^{3}$ of wood is floating on water, and $50 \; cm^{3}$ of iron is totally submerged. Which has the greater buoyant force on it?

  As a rock sinks deeper and deeper into water of constant density, what happens/hg0 thba5ja 8):g*nbuo +hp b to the buoyant fo b:5u8g*)h g+/ bbohpjan ath0rce on it?

  Salt water has greater istc3-p-s -a f)rdo/g08dzwi density than fresh water. A boat floats in both fresh water and in salt water. Where is the buoya dsigw-pfr- t3i0)-sd/8zoc ant force greater on the boat?

  Salt water is more dense than fre dr j/ d.6z5m2ns:txxxsh water. A ship floats in both fresh water and salt water. Compared to the fresh watt:xxmjr x6n.ds52/ zder, the volume of water displaced in the salt water is

  A steel ball sinks in water but floa;fa k39l8pgtr ts in a pool of mercury. Where is the buoyant forc3 af9k 8grlt;pe on the ball greater?

  A 10-kg piece of aluminum bvl/ p s8pd7v::4iwa tsits at the bottom of a lake, right next to a 10-kg piece of lead. Wh7p vd8p:lbiwsa4tv / :ich has the greater buoyant force on it?

  A piece of iron rests on top of a piece of wood floating in a bathtub. I n6 ujad2vf7(mf the ir2a j6m fdu(7vnon is removed from the wood, what happens to the water level in the tub?

  A piece of wood is floating inlyd0n1kpqv 88qz *n g8(qc go2 a bathtub. A second piece of wood sits on top of the first piece, and does not touch the water. If the top piece is taken off and placed in the0gqnl * pnvzq8 k(g8 c1yo28dq water, what happens to the water level in the tub?

  Water flows through a pipe. The diameter of the pipe at poin: kfxm4tvv;) ues )m1kt B is larger than at point A. Where is the speed of t)k :kxuv;e ft1m4s vm)he water greater?

  An ideal fluid flows at 12 m/s in a horizontal pipe. If the pipe widens to tw w: zhogp*sx2(ice its origina:oxh*2pg sw( zl radius, what is the flow speed in the wider section?

  An ideal fluid flows at 12 m/s in a horizontal pipe. Ifv0s*rt6;cl hm the pipe narrows to half its original radius, what is the flow speem;t6vlh 0c*rs d in the narrower section?

State Bernoulli's prinn w0h5 rqc*,6ae5eqhb+chxr 2ciple.

  Which one of the following is associated with)8af njut,0h8rk pkux i1::izo i 6g5as4bzg 8 the law of conservation of energy in flabp0,4s)i1iaing f g:r5koju h z:z 868uk8xt uids?

  As the speed of a mov +xryi8kl+ s9xhke7zx/oj yn.kp2*b ;ing fluid increases, the pressure in the fluid

  Water flows through a pipe. The diameter of the pipe at point B is larger thanaflf*f h l09)q at point A. Where is thffl q)*0h fal9e water pressure greatest?

  When you blow some air above a paper strip, the paper rises. Thib8r58mhdne3ihn6ib v ob2// dr d 4fo2s is because

  A sky diver falls through the air at terminal velocity. The force of air 0yn ,gv3y3ed+r h fg9kresistance on0eg39g ,yr vhkf d3n+y him is

  Two Styrofoam balls, of radii R and 2R, are released simul rpli.zh0 0p8ltaneously from a tall tower.i 0lr. phz8lp0 Which will reach the ground first?

  When a small spheric(acr6un( tftmiuzxd :-; 36zbpk r,x5al rock of radius r falls through water, it experiences a drau3xr6( r-m6nc: afdipzt(tx ,;kzub5g force $F=arv$, where $v$ is its velocity and $a$ is a constant proportional to the viscosity of water. From this, one can deduce that if a rock of diameter 2.0 mm falls with terminal velocity, $v$, then a rock of diameter 4.0 mm will fall with terminal velocity .

  Which has the greatest effect on the flow of fluid through a narrow pfb mv6 *scdqh() 0t*0edg. qzgipe? That is, if you made a 10% change in each of the quantities below, which would cause the greatest change in the 0*b). dgctdqgfmsvz(h*q e 60flow rate?

  Two horizontal pipes are the sapg(d37g+sbr. r 9dhjame length, but pipe B has twice the diameter of pipe A. Water undergoes viscous flow in both pipes, subject to the same pressure (sj gpddrh ba7r+39g.difference across the lengths of the pipes. If the flow rate in pipe A is Q, what is the flow rate in pipe B?

  Two horizontal pipes have the same diameterdy0au*q0 6xfmv 2)vc r, but pipe B is twice as long as pipe A. Water undergoes viscous flow in both pipes, subject to the same pressure difference across the lengths of the pipes. If the flow rate in pipe B is Q, what is the flow rate in *026qcf)xdam v0yr vupipe A?

  When soup gets cold, it often tastes greasy. This "grea0xzcxfltg/20 fevj(: sy" taste seems to be associated with oil spreading out all over the surface of the soup,2 z/ l0 0x:tcjfxfvg(e instead of staying in little globules. To us "physikers", this is readily explained in terms of

  When a tube of diameter d is placed in water, the water rises to a height h.:hx*qg cyudp:y( 72foe m0 rc+ If the y 0dcgq+7ru: yme(*hofcp:2x diameter were half as great, how high would the water rise?

  Certain insects, such as the water bug, are sufficiently lightweight that txlz qat. 7fooge,h), 1hey can run on top of water without breaking the e. 1lf)o7,oq tzah,xg surface tension. Water bug A has weight W. Water bug B is twice as big as bug A, in all dimensions. That is, bug B is twice as long, twice as wide, etc. What is the weight of bug B?

  Certain insects, such as the water bug, are sufficiently lightweiw +wn-(4ig.o w4c:zlnujoeqwi+, -tbght that they can run on top of water without breaking the surface i wcnjn:w+e ug.(w,z4-o+o4 b-ltw iq tension. This is possible because the water, due to surface tension, exerts an upward force on the bottom of the bug's feet. Suppose that the maximum possible upward force on the feet of water bug A is F. Now suppose that water bug B is twice as big as bug A in every dimension. That is, bug B is twice as long, twice as wide, etc. What is the maximum upward force on the feet of bug B?

  A plastic block of dimensions 2.00 cm x 3.00 cm x 4.00 cm has a massrhp q*w l rr8uws5244l of 30.0 g. What is ir4ulr2hqw8l* wp 5s4 rts density?

  A liquid has a specific gravity of 0.357. What is it rktxb-cp83:s s density?

  A brick weighs 50.0 N, and measures 30.0 cm x 10.0 cm x 4.00 yu) cqs()t t;zcm. What is the maxqtuz ty)c;( )simum pressure it can exert on a horizontal surface?

  A person weighing 900 N is standing on snowshu6 b*cf7v9vug1( qok does. Each snowshoe has area $2500 \; cm^{2}$. What is the pressure on the snow?

  How much pressure (absolute: /zpe.vuqbd2 ) must a submarine withstand at a depth of 120.0 m in/zbud :p. e2vq the ocean?

  A circular window of 30 cm diameter inmo9 r pd 52gfkxy0n4w3lv8pc : a submarine can withstand a maximum force of 0 :orkx 3w l9md2y8f5gpn4vcp$5.20 \times 10^{5} \; N$. What is the maximum depth in a lake to which the submarine can go without damaging the window?

  What is the gauge preshup(83l b )1fqvnp1h psure if the absolute pressure is 300 kPa?

  What is the gauge pressur ih3:rnas5/ ;i )zcgrpe at a location 15.0 m below the surface of sea? (The c5gn3ar s/)p: r zh;iidensity of seawater is $1.03 \times 10^3 \; kg/m^{3}$.)

  What is the absolute pressure at a location 15.0 m below the sn(;rhf kv; xh9urface of sea? (The densr f k;vx9(n;hhity of seawater is $1.03 \times 10^3 \; kg/m^{3}$.)

  A 500-N weight sits on the small piston of a hydraulic machi5bvur*6.wirfh) a;vp69 ud h one. The small piston has aufr* huad;66 h p .i)vw5vor9brea $2.0 \; cm^{2}$. If the large piston has area $40 \; cm^{2}$, how much weight can the large piston support?

  In a hydraulic garage lift, the sma58jit/7hlhtz a +1 )4iinog r-i4urlall piston has a radius of 5.0 cm and the large piston has a radius of 15 c8j/i+ laz)7 4r tigu4iarlti o-h1nh 5m. What force must be applied on the small piston in order to lift a car weighing 20,000 N on the large piston?

  A 13,000 N vehicle is to be lifted by a 25 cm diameti3 s w:nkbu;c/ fu -f9szm*aq+er hydraulic piston. What force needs to be applied to a 5./fwua+: cns9 z ;*bumsk-f 3qi0 cm diameter piston to accomplish this?

  The small piston of a hydraulic lift has a diame*9d2p fe t0 k)sp(dvvater of 8.0 cm, and its large piston has a diameter of 40 cm. The lift raises a load of 15)t kpsvfd92 vaep0*( d,000 N.
(a) Determine the force that must be applied to the small piston    $N$ (fill in numerical value only)
(b) Determine the pressure applied to the fluid in the lift    $\times 10^5 \; Pa$ (fill in numerical value only)

  A block of metal weighs 40 N in air and 30 N in water.si:s) t nc 4,sjvcn8x5 What is the buoyant force of,45s tnxs:i8 vc)jsn c the water?

  An object has a volu2 if,(,itplddme of $4.0 \; m^{3}$ and weighs 40,000 N. What will its weight be in water?

  A 4.00-kg cylinder of solid iron is supported by a string w,+c r z7m*tdbaoszft/ 4( /drfi:d oib5 rh:g*hile submerged in water. What is the tension in the strzi+(g75/: zhsrft 4t bc:*af/ brdmdoo*i,dring? (The specific gravity of iron is 7.86.)

  If the density of gold is l wefdcg4x l9*hqu7xk8v+c*)$19.3 \times 10^3 kg/m^{3}$, what buoyant force does a 0.60-kg gold crown experience when it is immersed in water?

  A crane lifts a steel submarine (densityjt/js eux :8ei- 6c5zo = $7.8 \times 10^3 \; kg/m^{3}$) of mass 20,000 kg. What is the tension in the lifting cable (1) when the submarine is submerged, and (2) when it is entirely out of the water?

  An object weighs 7.84 N when it is in air and 6.86 N when it is immersed in wate kajzmo81ha:2 r. What is the specific gravity of the obj:mk2jha8 1ozaect?

  A container of water is placedm stf3fy r)).r on a scale, and the scale reads 120 g. Now a 20-g piece of copper (specific gravity = 8.9) is susperrsm y3 ft.))fnded from a thread and lowered into the water, not touching
the bottom of the container. What will the scale now read?

  A piece of aluminum with a mass o3/y/.xwdiy xof 1.0 kg and density of $2700 \; kg/m^{3}$ is suspended from a string and then completely immersed in a container of water. The density of water is $1000 \; kg/m^{3}$.
(a) Determine the volume of the piece of aluminum    $\times 10^{-4} \; m^3$ (fill in numerical value only)
(b) Determine the tension in the string after the metal is immersed in the container of water $N$ (fill in numerical value only)

  A cylindrical rod of length 12 cm and diameter 2.0 cm will just barely float8emi :,q (w.d 3ypviis in water. What is itipd (:ie3wimsy qv8.,s mass?

  A rectangular box of negligible mass measures 5.0 m long, 1.0 m wide ysqvf-va se3k 8)wm0(, and 0.50 m high. How many kilograms of mass can be lq-w (vkmysa8 vf3 )se0oaded onto the box before it sinks in a lake?

  A $1.0 m^{3}$ object floats in water with 20% of it above the waterline. What does the object weigh out of the water?

  An object floats with hydyq(e6 6ff;half its volume beneath the surface of the water. The weifd;eyy 6f( 6qhght of the displaced water is 2000 N. What is the weight of the object?

  A solid object floats in wabm k65s4l ja,2;mgts4h fv) nw4qm s)rter with three-fourths of its volume beneath the surface. What is thbgsk4t,)s 4ah2mnq w js5r4l v 6mf);me object's density?

  A 200-N object floats with three-fourths of its volume beneath ta ft 9 x:tvwglb5/n* -i4vzzs4he surface of the water. What is the buoyant force on the objez5-wnaifv*z b xt:4 sgl/v94tct?

  A polar bear of mass 200 kg stands on an ice flou- gpd6 awbg(ad tkz 0b(g5o7n/a99bte 100 cm thick. What is the minimum area of the floe that will just support the bear in saltwater of specific gravity 1.03? The specific gravity o n79g9- pd0zdgg katoau( (bbw6t b/a5f ice is 0.98.

  Liquid flows through a pipe of diameter 3.0 cm at 2.0 m/s. Find the k3n 9 66yhomhtl wx+9hflow rate.

  Liquid flows through a 4.0 cmlsg:wwozh*2rsn6hh)xk 2 /+f diameter pipe at 1.0 m/s. There is a 2.0 cm diameter restriction in the line. What is the velocity in this restrict6ohwhf) l hx:s/+wsn* 2k2zgrion?

  Water flows at 12 m/s in a horizontal pipe witvq h:)lr l2 lj;-tl5;g,xhrei x6nont8/ 0p voh a pressure of $3.0 \times 10^4 \; N/m^2$. If the pipe widens to twice its original radius, what is the pressure in the wider section?

  How much pressure does it take for a pump to supply a drinking fountain with 3oslidndg9 *eh py6., 100 kPa, if the fountain is 30.0 m abovedg l 61yn,oihd*.p9e s the pump?

  A hole of radius 1.0 mm occurs in the bottom of a water storage tank that hozmec a1x /o+p2r8nu qoq(.z 6plds water at a depth of 15 m. At what rate will water flow o+8q1(uoe xzmc 2 aqo/.rzppn6 ut of the hole?

  Water flows through a horizontal pipe of cross-sectional ar f1bs)npqjwq-aj ic;lo5l-7 3ea $10.0 \; cm^{2}$ at a pressure of 0.250 atm. The flow rate is $1.00 \times 10^{-3} \; m^{3}/s$. At a valve, the effective cross-sectional area of the pipe is reduced to $5.00 \; cm^{2}$. What is the pressure at the valve?

  SAE No. 10 oil has a viscosity of 0.20 Pa-s. How long would it 5ob kxg4n0h-d4qsd*u s pf8f0take to pour 4.0 L of oil through a funnel with a neck 15 cm long and 2.0 cm in diameter? Assume the surface of the oil is kept 6p0q0d4-n8*b kdf hx5 4f guoss cm above the top of the neck, and neglect any drag effects due to the upper part of the funnel.

  Suppose that the build-up of fatty tissue on nf0wn7 u c6)smck.d5v*a ao6dthe wall of an artery decreased the radius by 10%. By how much would the pressure provided by the heart have to be increased to maintain a consncd)6auna5 dskocm*w v6.0 f7tant blood flow?

  Two narrow tubes are placed in a pan of water. Tube A has twice th*z 0 bjfo;k p5ec*mep* +lrtl0e diameter of tube B. If water rises 24 cm in tube A, how high will it r 0*0kl +c pm*lpr*ze5 jo;btfeise in tube B?

  The surface tension of water is 0.07*d 7 *+ w-bz 9vo-:jdupqvhbxu3 N/m. How high will water rise in a capillary tube of diameter 1.q b :uhdw+zdo- -vb7v**9jup x2 mm?

  232

  To what height would water at 0 degree Celsius rise in a glass capillary tube 9t y4pg o/+0phxov,dlg y1ctxi6./sfwith 0o,x41os //cdpgv xyp9+ihfg6.lyt t a diameter of
0.50 mm?

  A narrow tube is placed vertical bekmn/.e).++*xk lwz kp 2q-j cli0iely in a pan of water, and the water rises in the tube to 4.0 cm above le)2k. z niki ekmq-j.x+lw c0p+be/*the level of the pan. The surface tension in the liquid is lowered to one-half its original value by the addition of some soap. What happens to the height of the liquid column in the tube?

  Consider a rectangular frame of length 0.120 m and wrm/k iwx iiew*2js6xl .m)n12 idth 0.600 m with a soap film forme.sw mw) kir*162x2nj/elmxii d within its confined area. If the surface tension of soapy water is 0.0260 N/m, how much force does the soap film exert on the 0.600 m side?

  An adjustable rectangular frame has length 12 cm and width n6sx y(l:cna2 x 9tu*thpg8h1 5 cm, and is built in such a way that tyut8c lx1gxph a92 h*:n(n6sone of the longer sides can be moved without bursting the soap film contained in the frame. Soapy water has surface tension 0.026 N/m. How much work is required to move the adjustable long side so that the frame is 12 cm square?