The three common phases of matter are)p(ylxj 6i2ha

  Density is

  Substance A has a density ofm1c .fk8wk;h x $3.0 \; g/cm^{3}$ and substance B has a density of $4.0 \; g/cm^{3}$. In order to obtain equal masses of these two substances, the ratio of the volume of A to the volume of B will be equal to

  Pressure is

  Which of the following mj,gho3.qv)i8 joc* u, m89 za-posn dis not a unit of pressure?

  Consider three drinking glasses.aetkya+ n)q2 rvk5:. j All three have the same area base, and all three are filled to the same depth with water. Glass A is cylindrical. Glass B is wider at the top than at the bottom, and so holds more water than A. Glass C is narrower at the top than at the bottom, and so holds less water than A. Which glass has the greatest liquid pressure at the bottan ky jv5k+t)e q.:2arom?

  What is the difference between the pressures inside and ou1r1(l kfxm e *bh73wygtside a tire called?

  When atmospheric pressure changes, what happens to the 2vkb 28vegc)gr:xdbg 5,heh , absolute pressure at the b,2rhc v8)dhg,bg:vebgxe k5 2 ottom of a pool?

  You are originally 1.0 m beneath the surface3 falsf g6g o0)c7d/si of a pool. If you dive to 2.0 m beneath the surface, what happens to tls/6oc7fa is3g df g)0he absolute pressure on you?

State Pascal's principlepgc 2l7 d4ak.d.

State Archimedes' prinl1ili8clu /:48lwwg qnp vi73+3tgnwciple.

  $50 \; cm^{3}$ of wood is floating on water, and $50 \; cm^{3}$ of iron is totally submerged. Which has the greater buoyant force on it?

  As a rock sinks deeper and deeper into water of constant densityenc.n pq 8 tu *-98pa/m isps,(tcga8d, what happens to the buoyant force on 9cp.8ni/ ass 8tptca gq(8eun,p*d m-it?

  Salt water has greater density than fresh water. A boat floats in both fresh g.jf )gg4/oef1 muv:d ptjr dxb h3*(+water and in salt water. jmfd j3+f( uo/e)p ggtrv:1x 4*hdg .b Where is the buoyant force greater on the boat?

  Salt water is more dense thaj,cd4;c l,enqrlp b1y85x+kp n fresh water. A ship floats in both fresh water and salt water. Compared to the fresh water, the volume of water displaced qxn +ebp4y lcjd 18,klr pc,5;in the salt water is

  A steel ball sinks in water but floats in a pool of mercury. Where is the buoyho1pnmdo 80/jant force on thdhoonm8 0j1p/e ball greater?

  A 10-kg piece of aluminum siy 92h*y rmr.oubb74xx3 ,j5wwrt:)qx -zse hkts at the bottom of a lake, right next to a 10-kg piece of lead. Which has the greater buoyant forc- *73)yrwok jx.r :uxbh5b49 w,qzrst hy2xeme on it?

  A piece of iron rests on top of a piece of wood floating in a bathtub. If theb)3 *fjzwkrl( iron is removed from the wood, what happens to zk3 fj(b*wr l)the water level in the tub?

  A piece of wood is floatingpb girlkn)b+/7 v9i t1 in a bathtub. A second piece of wood sits on top of the first p i v)7ntbi/k1rb 9lgp+iece, and does not touch the water. If the top piece is taken off and placed in the water, what happens to the water level in the tub?

  Water flows through - bb 6qycd8)jha pipe. The diameter of the pipe at point B is larger than at point A. Where is the spy-q6 b h)8cbjdeed of the water greater?

  An ideal fluid flows at 12 m/s in a 1wni-7(c toabq*hc o/( tqa :lhorizontal pipe. If the pipe widens to twice its original radius, what is the flow speed in the1hq aioa(:7c/l tw -b (tcq*no wider section?

  An ideal fluid flows at 12 m/s in a horizontali9i-oxxmv2ct0 4 n0lp6mupkg: 7 n8om pipe. If the pipe narrows to half its original radius, what4it umg-:k l892ovx0mpp 7imn cxo6n0 is the flow speed in the narrower section?

State Bernoulli's principbh f*twd0p,; jywp* w/m*zy b)le.

  Which one of the following is associated with the law of conservatiypfp/8ud5k4j;uy co fob4r 65 on of energy in flfcyop8ur6p/o f ;bjk 5u454yduids?

  As the speed of a moving fluid increases, the press. u:xy*ui+b)oc pd*apure in the fluid

  Water flows through a 7op+ ljxh./*q t)gxc ppipe. The diameter of the pipe at point B is larger than at point A. Whe*).p xc/7+gpxholtjqre is the water pressure greatest?

  When you blow some air above a paper strip, the paper rises. This .g (pdxd9k)1byr ar z.is because

  A sky diver falls through the air at terminal v2 ya52iiszvv6;j:e0fsg 8mg telocity. The force of air resistance on him0e:gj ;vg5v2a2yi68tsi szf m is

  Two Styrofoam balls, of radii R and 2R, are r8jl,7peknpaen+ 8j tbn 9z7 +jeleased simultaneously from a tall tower. Which will reach the ground firne p 7zjn++ k9n8pl78ebatjj,st?

  When a small spherical rmp*mp* .to hv8ock of radius r falls through water, it experiences a drag fh*pvm o8 pt*.morce $F=arv$, where $v$ is its velocity and $a$ is a constant proportional to the viscosity of water. From this, one can deduce that if a rock of diameter 2.0 mm falls with terminal velocity, $v$, then a rock of diameter 4.0 mm will fall with terminal velocity .

  Which has the greatest effect on the flow of fluid through a narrow kk6on. z72w3,slnf ywpipe? That is, if you made a 10% change in eachf2on3y6,wwzs n .klk7 of the quantities below, which would cause the greatest change in the flow rate?

  Two horizontal pipes are tsp/fu2 l ), n/,dcuqothe same length, but pipe B has twice the diameter of pipe A. Water undergoes viscous flow in both pipes, subjecttul,sd f,/q/c2pu on) to the same pressure difference across the lengths of the pipes. If the flow rate in pipe A is Q, what is the flow rate in pipe B?

  Two horizontal pipes;h-k-3 jjniu56( tq zdqegwm2 have the same diameter, but pipe B is twice as long as pipe A. Water undergoes viscous flow in both pipes, subject to the samm kidj5q2 n -uzh;e -w(tj6q3ge pressure difference across the lengths of the pipes. If the flow rate in pipe B is Q, what is the flow rate in pipe A?

  When soup gets cold, it often tastes greasy. Thismtishyn:j qx mp(+8da j(4y8- "greasy" taste seems to be associated with oil spreading out all over the surface of the so nps((m q-8 m48tdjxy+ iyja:hup, instead of staying in little globules. To us "physikers", this is readily explained in terms of

  When a tube of diameter d is pla:pmt)d s hf2axuq4*se-p1gzk2+ 8 f fgced in water, the water rises to a height h. If the diameter were half as great, how high 1p 2ps8asd: - hfuxq2egt)+f*4fzgkmwould the water rise?

  Certain insects, such aakhwp qbh.cc9 4l*,/zs the water bug, are sufficiently lightweight that they can run on top of water without breaking the surface tension. Water bug A has weight W. Water bug B is twice as big as bug A, in all dimensions. That iphz* 9b. qwhk, lc4c/as, bug B is twice as long, twice as wide, etc. What is the weight of bug B?

  Certain insects, such as the water bug, are sufficiently lightwfn v3 52 fs3yy,drt- pktdw,*qeight that they can run on top of water without breaking the surface tension. This is possible because the water, due to surface tension, exerts an upward force on the bottom of the bug's feet. Suppose that the maximum possible upward force on the feet of water bug A is F. Now suppose that water bug B is twice as big as bug A in every dimension. That is, bug B is twiceq23ftw,stv3y pf ry* n,d5kd- as long, twice as wide, etc. What is the maximum upward force on the feet of bug B?

  A plastic block of dimensions 2.00 cm x w: giqv b a8u49k)kf) ht(1nd)7rv nng3.00 cm x 4.00 cm has a mass of 30.0 g. Whbvu7v8kgwk) (nhnagidt:)n49f )q1 rat is its density?

  A liquid has a specific gravity of 0.35efwz::3 nu(fct /tru87. What is its density?

  A brick weighs 50.0 N, and measures 30.0 cm x 10.0 cm x 4.00 cm. Whhn).y v3nk:js at is the maximum pressure it can exertsk.nh j:y)3 nv on a horizontal surface?

  A person weighing 900 N is standing on snowshoes. Eack1pzsed hs) 5 9bw5+( vkan*zph snowshoe has area $2500 \; cm^{2}$. What is the pressure on the snow?

  How much pressure (absolute) must a submarine withstand at a depth of 120.0 mlf892z 7wapwamv2k 7 v in thaz akl8wp22v 9m 7wf7ve ocean?

  A circular window of 30 cm diameter in a submarilmac* /)dbk7i r8c v1wne can withstand a maximum force c dal178*rck/i wvm)bof $5.20 \times 10^{5} \; N$. What is the maximum depth in a lake to which the submarine can go without damaging the window?

  What is the gauge pressure if -6,t:0tt h bcaloqrm0x sy-0y the absolute pressure is 300 kPa?

  What is the gauge pressure at a location 15.0 m below the surface of sea? ) ;a(snqc(f4 y7 u-pe7jbhjzo (The deop) 47sy -;u( e7zfnjj(cbqah nsity of seawater is $1.03 \times 10^3 \; kg/m^{3}$.)

  What is the absolute pressure at a location 15.0 m below the surface of sezg: llm hwbg.17pndyht2.o, 6 a? (The de2oz dy6lm.h:1wpglbt ngh7,.nsity of seawater is $1.03 \times 10^3 \; kg/m^{3}$.)

  A 500-N weight sits on the small piston of a hydraulic machine. The small pr r-,c9*ps pde+9sacriston has ,r-sc9rc s+*p paedr9area $2.0 \; cm^{2}$. If the large piston has area $40 \; cm^{2}$, how much weight can the large piston support?

  In a hydraulic garage lift, the small piston l6go2h7et;1d (rw y bzhas a radius of 5.0 cm and the large piston has a radius of 15 cm. What force must be applied6(2g7;d tl eyo1wz rbh on the small piston in order to lift a car weighing 20,000 N on the large piston?

  A 13,000 N vehicle is to be lifted by a 25 cmj6gz*g h:xk 6u diameter hydraulic piston. What force needs to be applied to a 5.0 cm dhzkxj g*6:6guiameter piston to accomplish this?

  The small piston of a hydraulic lift has a diameter of 8.0 cmu6*3b oq0yu 7d,d; nf 9y pvei,xxt9sr, and its large piston has a di*y7xu, 9fnqy6u vx,td3epo;dr 9bsi0ameter of 40 cm. The lift raises a load of 15,000 N.
(a) Determine the force that must be applied to the small piston    $N$ (fill in numerical value only)
(b) Determine the pressure applied to the fluid in the lift    $\times 10^5 \; Pa$ (fill in numerical value only)

  A block of metal weig-6 s+f ynb3fqbhs 40 N in air and 30 N in water. What is the buoyant force ofby6-fnb f+3 sq the water?

  An object has a volumehjnb 4 t+ y)vqr+1ytl. of $4.0 \; m^{3}$ and weighs 40,000 N. What will its weight be in water?

  A 4.00-kg cylinder of solid iron is supported by a string while submerged in watfksu;oa -p5m;er. What is the tension in the strink;msu f;-p5 aog? (The specific gravity of iron is 7.86.)

  If the density of gold 9 ljc09qqizl owp2xc0g,17titdx,t- is $19.3 \times 10^3 kg/m^{3}$, what buoyant force does a 0.60-kg gold crown experience when it is immersed in water?

  A crane lifts a steel submarinxe+i:ap29x -h ipc4q he (density = $7.8 \times 10^3 \; kg/m^{3}$) of mass 20,000 kg. What is the tension in the lifting cable (1) when the submarine is submerged, and (2) when it is entirely out of the water?

  An object weighs 7.84 N when it is in air and 6.86 N when it is isddwryab . s781 jh )a8oe/so/mmersed in water. What is sjd o)ao8y/wd7s/r .es h 1ba8the specific gravity of the object?

  A container of water is placed on a scale, and the scale reads 120 g. Now a 20-gd1)qtk opukga7q 4z s/s7qm-3 piece of copper (specific gravity7 gt 3zqq/-smkouk)4 7p1a qds = 8.9) is suspended from a thread and lowered into the water, not touching
the bottom of the container. What will the scale now read?

  A piece of aluminum with a mass of 1.0 kg and den+2k2puc9.txmf 56 kk xvxacr6sity of $2700 \; kg/m^{3}$ is suspended from a string and then completely immersed in a container of water. The density of water is $1000 \; kg/m^{3}$.
(a) Determine the volume of the piece of aluminum    $\times 10^{-4} \; m^3$ (fill in numerical value only)
(b) Determine the tension in the string after the metal is immersed in the container of water $N$ (fill in numerical value only)

  A cylindrical rod of length 12 cm and diameter 2.0 cm askuljew;6 ga sy02 ui i;7k6o9:i- akwill just barely float in water. Whaja e;iogs9 ykw l6ii;sk0aa:u6 u7k -2t is its mass?

  A rectangular box of negligibleay fc c +r7bg2k:a2p2p mass measures 5.0 m long, 1.0 m wide, and 0.50 m high. How many kilograms of mass can be loaded kgrf7yp2a2:+c p c2b aonto the box before it sinks in a lake?

  A $1.0 m^{3}$ object floats in water with 20% of it above the waterline. What does the object weigh out of the water?

  An object floats with ha4+(smjq a+inct* d84 0vf iilblf its volume beneath the surface of the water. The weight of the displaced water is 2000 N. What is the weight of the obj+ i8i qn4fdil0 vt(ca b+j4*msect?

  A solid object floats in water with three- av-b cs 3aecgp5iy0;(fourths of its volume beneath the surface. What is the ob0c beaya(c5psi v3g-;ject's density?

  A 200-N object floats with th((5+nhxpt sej ree-fourths of its volume beneath the surface of the water. What is the buoyantjnp +ehx5(t(s force on the object?

  A polar bear of mass 200 kg stands on t+s1pd.;a0l xx hbw925zi buhc3 oy*p an ice floe 100 cm thick. What is the minimum area of the floe that will just support the bear in saltwater of specific gravity 1.03? The specific gravity of ice is 0.982x+obz0.xd1p ;*uyabl 53 sp tihhc9w.

  Liquid flows through a pipe of diameter 3.0 cm at 2.0 m sz8u 0.i sx(-uyopun,/s. Find the flow rate.

  Liquid flows through a 4.0 cm diameter pipe ae 5 o0mxsla84kt 1.0 m/s. There is a 2.0 cm diameter restriction in the line. What is the velocmal0kx8 e5 4soity in this restriction?

  Water flows at 12 m/s in a horizox sjxa*5to* / kn,dax7ntal pipe with a pressure of $3.0 \times 10^4 \; N/m^2$. If the pipe widens to twice its original radius, what is the pressure in the wider section?

  How much pressure does it take for a pump to supply a drinking fountain with 3ak;vrtjbczjv x)3//8 vaq4 akiy v4+ 800 kPa,vk+jaz 4a rc)bik/8/84vax;tv qvyj 3 if the fountain is 30.0 m above the pump?

  A hole of radius 1.0 mm occurs in the bottom of a water stp4;3/o tihg p.ii2 5ykwju8wyl /d3 jyorage tank that holds 53uyoy2 k4 wih8/ig dj/yj;ipw3 . pltwater at a depth of 15 m. At what rate will water flow out of the hole?

  Water flows through a horizontal pipe of cross-sectional arefm)o-ipf/ d3;gx 5 rqexly :h5a $10.0 \; cm^{2}$ at a pressure of 0.250 atm. The flow rate is $1.00 \times 10^{-3} \; m^{3}/s$. At a valve, the effective cross-sectional area of the pipe is reduced to $5.00 \; cm^{2}$. What is the pressure at the valve?

  SAE No. 10 oil has a viscosity of 0.20r )j;f4-vqqx,(rm *bx a6oivi Pa-s. How long would it take to pour 4.0 L of oil through a funnel with a neciv q(bfm ) x6 *qr,r4-ojxa;vik 15 cm long and 2.0 cm in diameter? Assume the surface of the oil is kept 6 cm above the top of the neck, and neglect any drag effects due to the upper part of the funnel.

  Suppose that the build-up of fatty tissue on the wall 9,;b9o *j;zxpb s lvyk:k z3sbof an artery decreased the radius by 10%. By how much would the pressure provided by the heart have to be increased to maintapk o3 xvy ,9j;;zl :bs9k*sbzbin a constant blood flow?

  Two narrow tubes are placed in a pan of water. Tuboia*rre:g9iq 1ywp 3; e A has twice the diameter of tube B. If water rises;p*:io g9i3yrr1qwa e 24 cm in tube A, how high will it rise in tube B?

  The surface tension of water is 0. z/9n(cank8hc073 N/m. How high will water rise in a capillary tube of dh (8ck/cn a9nziameter 1.2 mm?

  232

  To what height would water at 0 degreer 5f 8okk jqd;b+c2o ;fcf58u e.cg:gt Celsius rise in a glass capillary tube with o cug r gf2kcq885f;.cob5ej+:k ;tfd a diameter of
0.50 mm?

  A narrow tube is placed vertically in7jc , ov;,:wnw kk8jlw a pan of water, and the water rises in the tube to 4.0 cm above the level of the pan. The surface tension in the liquid is lowered to one-half its original value by the akwockl,7n,; 8:wwj j vddition of some soap. What happens to the height of the liquid column in the tube?

  Consider a rectangular frame of length 0.120 m and width 0.600 m with a so236:j; 3z9,ctb1alrirra hd ao/r4e -l hvnmnap film formed within its confined area. If the surface z1e/c oabhh-nr3:d42 al mva6r,n93jri t;l rtension of soapy water is 0.0260 N/m, how much force does the soap film exert on the 0.600 m side?

  An adjustable rectangular frame has length 12 cm and width 5 ww+ts9 c c68fxcm, and is built in such a way that one of the longer sides can be moved without bursting the soap film contained in the frame. Soapy wat+ww cx 68fct9ser has surface tension 0.026 N/m. How much work is required to move the adjustable long side so that the frame is 12 cm square?