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习题练习：Physics Unit15: Laws of Thermodynamics
本习题练习试卷来源于51fly国际课程 (https://51fly.win)， 为试卷打印版，您也可以在网站平台(https://autodiscover.51fly.win/)直接 访问本试卷的在线电子版并查看正确答案与解析，搜藏保存任意题目到收藏集。 访问方法: 平台首页左上角"通过试卷号快速访问"输入试卷号 73，并点击直达试卷；或浏览器地址栏内直接输入本试卷链接 https://autodiscover.51fly.win/test73.html  教师使用本平台可以抽题组卷或一键复制他人试卷，布置为在线考试或在线作业，全自动判分成绩一键排序导出，省时省力。
 作者: physics    总分: 71分  得分: _____________

答题人: 游客未登录  开始时间: 22年08月15日 12:53  切换到: 整卷模式

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1#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The process shown on the T-V gra 8vatrlar y) (c1kc.6ve9uou 1ph is an


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2#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isothermal procee(zv5l)d/p3 ew:ylc a ss, there is no change in

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3#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law of thermo/.f ltrpf:pt3dynamics, $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an isothermal process,

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4#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is expanded to twice its original u h5tf5l(jul-/a e1b cmf8l)qvolume with no change in its temperature. This proces8 /b c)( h1tmlullqf5aujf5-es is

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5#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas is compressed isothermally tl ev:zdi(03jhq w2fd+y2i; r from 30 L to 20 L. During this process, 6.0 J of energfty+:3e; zihv0wij2 (rd2dlq y is expended by the external mechanism that compressed the gas. What is the change of internal energy for this gas?

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6#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas is compressed to one-half it2eu.eh9:nl-b.j qw pds original volume during an isothermal process. The finahw-pu 2 lqej.b: .den9l pressure of the gas

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7#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas is expanded isotr;jsbu5u f,h6 utx+ 4ohermally from 20 L to 30 L. During this process, 6 J of energy is expended by the external mechanism that expanded the gasx4fu;6t+ruh,ojb5u s. Which of the following statements is correct?

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8#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is quickly compressed in an isolated en jgv:jyu(o9 ,j*cw s+hvironment. During the event, the gas exchanged no heat wi: +jvoh (9sw*j,jcu ygth its surroundings. This process is

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9#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law of t xx:o4 t4felsw;mm iy+w,qz3; m /jm9ehermodynamics, $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an adiabatic process,

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10#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A monatomic ideal gas is compressed to one-half its origid vi77d k;sxs0 iv71bknal volume during an adiabatic process. The final 1vbvdxks7ik77;i d0 spressure of the gas

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11#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider two cylinders(lqm k m*9nzl8 of gas identical in all respects except that one contains k (nl8*zmm 9lq$O_2$ and the other $H_e$. Both hold the same volume of gas at STP and are closed by a movable piston at one end. Both gases are now compressed adiabatically to one-third their original volume. Which gas will show the greater temperature increase?

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12#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider two cylinders of gas identical in all respects except that one conta15u3h2 cijrgev d;f6hins rvc6f2j hiu13 dg 5;he$O_2$ and the other $H_e$. Both hold the same volume of gas at STP and are closed by a movable piston at one end. Both gases are now compressed adiabatically to one-third their original volume. Which gas will show the greater pressure increase?

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13#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The process shown on the PV d(-wsg z6 0+o:ds8qkrijywg5 i iagram is an


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14#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isobaric process, thnob uq: kr4.n+ere is no change in

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15#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law of thermod5qy3 y0k7u.ezppt6 30eecg mu ynamics, $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an isobaric process,

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16#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is allowed to expand at constant pressugfsw0wg6 r1yi e2+ks,re as heat is added to it. This processiwgsreg 1f2,kw0 6y+s is

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17#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Ten joules of heat energy are transferred to a sample ofg+/ zn hu(4*pgwv icj44v/ 8j5vhw mzb ideal gas at constant pressu gwv g /cjup/8z 45vmvhwnijh4z b4*+(re. As a result, the internal energy of the gas

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18#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The process shown on the PV diagram im7)+j ykek 0x01jyhhxs


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19#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isochoric process, there is no changybbe;* xh0t7vi i7aq(bi3tyhk)v1 0xe in

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20#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law of th(qxjhz+c.v h:72jah 2vy v2h eermodynamics, $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an isochoric process,

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21#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is confined to a rigid container that u1r r0r2obvlq5;a tg9cannot expand as heat energy is added to g9t2 ;r0 uaql r5rbv1oit. This process is

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22#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Ten joules of heat energy are transferred to a sample of ideal *hofe.3p 9aeegas at constant volume. As a result, the internal energy oo 3f9p.e*he eaf the gas

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23#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the first law ofcxa ylz(zkb/t:*t/d+ thermodynamics.
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24#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Is it possible to transfer heat from a hot reservoir to a cold rese s +6y-bmqh2qervoir?

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25#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Is it possible to transfer heat from a colw7* ;xkuhl/l 1p;dfha d7s)dsd reservoir to a hot reservoir?

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26#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the second law of thermodynamics acs x+)c):m 5ikj/tz pgtcording to Clausius.
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27#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is taken through the cycle illustrated here. Dur2 tup dvpn,5ufpve77qyl 5w 04ing one cycle, how much work is done d ypuv27e pwp,5n 5utl07qvf4by an engine operating on this cycle?


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28#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The efficiency of a heat engine is defineu8pdare : gvbtou vhs2o-70.,1 (ocmhd as the ratio of

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29#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If the theoretical efficiency of a Carnot engine is to be tvwy 3mm xid z-4960eh100%, the heat sink must be z0htm9dvm63wxy4-i e

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30#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A Carnot cycle consists 9pchbvk /l1m* of

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31#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
Give the Kelvin-Planck statement of the second law v0mhq5s/t3 v3 1 ntz0g av /m8-ljysfwof thermodynamics.
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32#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The coefficient of performance (COP) of a refrigerator is dx: us 0wda*gjgvnai+.2-u6u-zfb ;by efined as the ratio o+au 6 0 :.nsgijg -yxvfud* wu-b2a;bzf

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33#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The coefficient of performance (COP) of a he0,1hd7 txjeusk hg1p 6at pump is defined as the ratio of

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34#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When water freezes, the entropy of zkej6p(ij1 .l the water

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35#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  According to the second law m2nwwm i0c9ww5nr93v of thermodynamics, for any process that may occur within an isolated system, r3vwnc i0mw9w2 nmw95which one of the choices applies?

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36#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
Give a general statement of the second law of thermodynajyke6 iu(fm t8/k *fg/mics.
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37#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The second law of thermodynamics leads us to conclude t,zf94 ochd5fzzd8.+j */uysb s+rx o mhat

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38#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During an isothermal process, 5.0 J of heat isfzorw) z +t ;*xndfr01 removed from an ideal gas. What is the changfr +fzz*n) dxo;r10twe in internal energy?

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39#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During an isothermal process, 5.0 J of heat ispe 3z7hs -cjh(mq9 7hp removed from an ideal gas. What is the work done in the proce7j7p c9phm3(h-es h zqss?

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40#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The work done on an ideal gas system inzo3 db x *yp4(r/l9dsma,mtd- an isothermal process is -400 J. What is the change in internal lztm,obr dyp/ d43md9s*x (a- energy?

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41#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  200 J of work is done in c.8cam8;2 - .riy7cxmuqljbp -qi9kimoe 15qjompressing a gas adiabatically. What is the change in internal energy ca bo5j81 qm9i plj 8--k.qu7r cm.qxmeiy2i ;of the gas?

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42#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas undergoes an adiewdb8a5lc9nzk ws)/,abatic process while doing 25 J of work. What is the chang/)z5kl a,w9snewb 8 cde in internal energy?

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43#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isochoric process, (xxly g x0z9y;the internal energy of a system decreases by 50 J. What is the;x 9zyxg(lxy 0 work done?

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本习题练习题目来源于51fly国际课程 (https://51fly.win)，学生可刷题练习，扫右侧二维码或加微信xxxxxxxxxx，获取更多资料
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44#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isochoric process, the in; 4vya,e pexfb) jc(*tternal energy of a system decreases by 50 J. What is the heat exc4p j c,f )ae(xvte*;byhange?

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45#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A certain amount of a monatomic gas is maintaink6fixdve fe53cx /. +(odxv3) nqmo6aed at constant volume as it is cooled by 50 K. This feat is accovx6ec 3)em od5a36 d.xiq+/ fkxof(v nmplished by removing 400 J of energy from the gas. How much work is done by the gas?

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46#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A monatomic gas is cool do94pm.; b9cey jqf:hvu,h1bi3vtf0ed by 50 K at constant volume when 831 J of energy is removed from it. How f.ov91 0vt 3p b cu,ehd4;j9:byfqihmmany moles of gas are in the sample?

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47#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A system consists of 3.0 kg of water 7sc bpao fzuvr46fu4a-+k6z )br93xm at $80 ^{\circ}C$. 30 J of work is done on the system by stirring with a paddle wheel, while 66 J of heat is removed. What is the change in internal energy of the system?

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48#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine receives 7000 Jnz/qu+4d.qusrr,/q;yz 2: bz .qbmiq of heat and loses 3000 J in each cycle. What is thed .,n:u4bsrziqyzq2/b;.qmz/qru+ q efficiency?

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49#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine has an eflcr:, 2acnl(xficiency of 35.0% and receives 150 J of heat per cycle. How much work does it perform i: acl2xn( crl,n each cycle?

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50#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine has an efficiency of 35.0% and receives 150 J of heat per ox(vfeqis;56sn ;p8r cycle. How much heat d(nqespi;6ro 8fvs; 5 xoes it exhaust in each cycle?

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51#
 
  303

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52#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine absorbs 64 kcal of heat each jwqt/ yvbmt9) tujia7 (2t)1 vcycle and exhausts 42 kcal. Calculate the efficiency oi)mbv1jvqatt9( jt7uy w2 /)tf each cycle.

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53#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine absorbs 64 kcal of heat each cuwe d.(b1q iid hu,*d2ycle and exhausts 42 kcal. Calculate the work done eq d1i,(.2wud*diuhbeach cycle.

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54#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of the most efficient engines built so far has the following charact/ jc..bpal*h yeristics: cojachlp* .by. /mbustion chamber temperature = $1900 ^{\circ}C$, exhaust temperature = $430 ^{\circ}C$, $7.0 \times 10^{9} \; cal$ of fuel produces $1.4 \times 10^{10} \; J$ of work in one hour. What is the actual efficiency of this engine?

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55#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of the most efficient enginep9kje nrp:9zy2y 6l* ks built so far has the following characteristics: combk :yy2ze9pjlnp*kr6 9 ustion chamber temperature = $1900 ^{\circ}C$, exhaust temperature = $430 ^{\circ}C$, $7.0 \times 10^{9} \; cal$ of fuel produces $1.4 \times 10^{10} \; J$ of work in one hour. What is the Carnot efficiency of this engine?

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56#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of the most efficient engines built so far has the following characteristip2wybgw93c gasl3(t :cs: combust33y : (wsbwltcgg2a9pion chamber temperature = $1900 ^{\circ}C$, exhaust temperature = $430 ^{\circ}C$, $7.0 \times 10^{9} \; cal$ of fuel produces $1.4 \times 10^{10} \; J$ of work in one hour. What is the power output, in hp, of this engine?

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57#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A coal-fired plant generates 600 MW o-9rer7txba d5 4j k vhd3i:l*rf electric power. The plant uses $4.8 \times 10^{6} \; kg$ of coal each day. The heat of combustion of coal is $3.3 \times 10^7 \; J/kg$. The steam that drives the turbines is at a temperature of $300 ^{\circ}C$, and the exhaust water is at $37 ^{\circ}C$. What is the overall efficiency of the plant for generating electric power?

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58#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A coal-fired plant generates 600my.r k 8r0l7zhzq.,kcjq(b3r MW of electric power. The plant uses $4.8 \times 10^{6} \; kg$ of coal each day. The heat of combustion of coal is $3.3 \times 10^7 \; J/kg$. The steam that drives the turbines is at a temperature of $300 ^{\circ}C$, and the exhaust water is at $37 ^{\circ}C$. What is the Carnot efficiency?

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59#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A coal-fired plant generates 600 My9i d3 -x cdr(3ktld/sW of electric power. The plant uses $4.8 \times 10^{6} \; kg$ of coal each day. The heat of combustion of coal is $3.3 \times 10^7 \; J/kg$. The steam that drives the turbines is at a temperature of $300 ^{\circ}C$, and the exhaust water is at $37 ^{\circ}C$. How much thermal energy is exhausted each day?

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60#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the Carnot efficiency of an )v u h+x yc+k5u7/eqwiengine which operates between $450 ^{\circ}K$ and $310 ^{\circ}K$?

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61#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the maximum theoreticaleahe:d((ttx2j9 wp/ rikou/- efficiency possible for an engine operating betwe(iwetx2eh j//(d- ok ruta9p:en $100 ^{\circ}C$ and $400 ^{\circ}C$?

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62#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The efficiency of a Carnot engine is 35.0%. What is 00o lkfcm*r +athe temperature of the cold reservoir if the tempel0*kmafr 0+co rature of the hot reservoir is $500 ^{\circ}K$?

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63#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine operating *k.;o4 pxy(mtiyk -frbetween $40 ^{\circ}C$ and $380 ^{\circ}C$ has an efficiency 60% of that of a Carnot engine operating between the same temperatures. If the engine absorbs heat at a rate of 60 kW, at what rate does it exhaust heat?

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64#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A refrigerator removes heat from the freezing compartment at the rate oo 6/pm+m pn6;tsu y/laf 20 kJ and ejects 24 kJ into+;t/ ums/ap6lo mn 6py a room per cycle. How much work is required in each cycle?

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65#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A refrigerator removeonfx)a .ow. *es heat from the freezing compartment at the rate of 20 kJ and ejects 24 kJ into a room per cycle. What is the coefficient of performan ofe.xaw*o.n )ce?

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66#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During each cycle of operation, a refrigerator absorbs qkghhku lfx7)gg :r 1+h-75)zem rrg8230 J of heat from the freezer and expels 356 J of heat to the room. How much work input is requireruk8lg:e5h z7gq1) fxhgrg7 k h)m- +rd in each cycle?

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67#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the change in entropy when 50 g of ice melt atd54qvkmn,k *rybn(p/ $0 ^{\circ}C$?

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68#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When 0.50 kg of ice freezes, the csn0y qaox- /o1 i(y+.iq a:obyafu9f6hange in entropy is

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69#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  1.0 kg of steam at $100 ^{\circ}C$ condenses to water at $100 ^{\circ}C$. What is the change in entropy in the process?

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70#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A container of ideal gas at STP undergoes an isothermal expansion annzhwmbb:iw22b cf5 ta6* 25xpd its entropy changes bybcw5*i :6wxbhbnm2p22t 5za f
3.7 J/e K. How much work does it do?

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71#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A piece of metal at 46v3 b+z zlfei5;gdik$80 ^{\circ}C$ is placed in 1.2 L of water at $72 ^{\circ}C$. The system is thermally isolated and reaches a final temperature of $75 ^{\circ}C$. Estimate the approximate change in entropy for this process.

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