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习题练习：Physics Unit15: Laws of Thermodynamics
本习题练习试卷来源于51fly国际课程 (https://51fly.win)， 为试卷打印版，您也可以在网站平台(https://autodiscover.51fly.win/)直接 访问本试卷的在线电子版并查看正确答案与解析，搜藏保存任意题目到收藏集。 访问方法: 平台首页左上角"通过试卷号快速访问"输入试卷号 73，并点击直达试卷；或浏览器地址栏内直接输入本试卷链接 https://autodiscover.51fly.win/test73.html  教师使用本平台可以抽题组卷或一键复制他人试卷，布置为在线考试或在线作业，全自动判分成绩一键排序导出，省时省力。
 作者: physics    总分: 71分  得分: _____________

答题人: 游客未登录  开始时间: 22年08月15日 12:53  切换到: 整卷模式

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1#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The process shown on the T-V graph is orx5p 11fdq2xu1yd 8p an


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2#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isothermal process, th+47wfst l qlx(ere is no change in

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3#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law of thermodynal/ wt idu (4rnq1cm:+ymics, $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an isothermal process,

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4#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is expanded to twice its original volume p xsjd- .8ax8lwith no change in its temperature. This ds x8j8x- .lpaprocess is

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5#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas is compressed isothermally from 30 L to 20 L. During thabc2 l ,7dg4vxis process, 6.0 J of energy is v2bx lcd,74g aexpended by the external mechanism that compressed the gas. What is the change of internal energy for this gas?

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6#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas is compressed to one-half its original volume during an ilc/okctmuhs4 a(/p/a x,3e v7sothermal process. The final pressure(pl7/ ,mesou/xk3/cv ta4a h c of the gas

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7#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas is expanded isotherm *ybt:9ko+u/x6c1iqhpeav n ,hadc83 ally from 20 L to 30 L. During this process, 6 J of energy is expended by the external mechanism that exv3 nd+etb,hh89/cup6ciak o *qxy 1 a:panded the gas. Which of the following statements is correct?

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8#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is quickly compressed in an isolated3xy+c 0vs 8)lzqoh0e a environment. During the event, the gas exchanged no heat with it ls0 oyzq+ vx0)he8ac3s surroundings. This process is

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9#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law of thermodynamics,0bm /cca0w*p . 8h txajz:cq;m $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an adiabatic process,

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10#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A monatomic ideal gacmyo4k-rd.fv tegg k,7.ch;;:x + j sus is compressed to one-half its original volume during an adiabatic process. The finagxtgfk;me.,; +csvo- kuc7y4r : jh d.l pressure of the gas

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11#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider two cylinders of gas identical in all respects except that one conthzij*+x6t*cr ; dsk in6h1 m6jains dki* hx 6j tjsc zi*6;mr+nh61$O_2$ and the other $H_e$. Both hold the same volume of gas at STP and are closed by a movable piston at one end. Both gases are now compressed adiabatically to one-third their original volume. Which gas will show the greater temperature increase?

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12#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Consider two cylinders of gas identical in all respects ez bur,rbgm:e6 s4t81ixcept that one containsrbzmbi486 g1:ute ,rs $O_2$ and the other $H_e$. Both hold the same volume of gas at STP and are closed by a movable piston at one end. Both gases are now compressed adiabatically to one-third their original volume. Which gas will show the greater pressure increase?

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13#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The process shown on thezh3 8 u3zur3hz PV diagram is an


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14#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isobaric process, there is no cdj. orllj;sx u1tsr0gos 4m4:4 cc5m-hange in

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15#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law ofiy *fh ,)a(imo gx+w7e thermodynamics, $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an isobaric process,

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16#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is allowed to expand atlp 0hp,eg7sf tq2*(1 ed+ xtr4/hqeew constant pressure as heat is added to it. This process i+(0xr 4gq 71eet*,w qh e2 ps/hfdtleps

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17#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Ten joules of heat energy are transferred to a sample of tu wwgm0:kk*mn j 28 6c+hxa:/zjh/hg ideal gas at constant pressure. As a result, the int06/mg :/uhgxk kn*m j2hww8z:j +h tcaernal energy of the gas

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18#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The process shown on the PV diagram is ( zm62xfz ct yo,-j w)k i/ot5m)ey0ba


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19#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isochoric process, there p.,v9r 28xkq9:hd lkjj vlf1k.h a h3wis no change in

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20#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When the first law of thermodyn-zw t;*yu3ge jamics, $Q = \Delta U + W$, is applied to an ideal gas that is taken through an isochoric process,

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21#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is confined to a rigid container that cannot expand f77: /gv/xm-be wcnz ras heat energy is added to vcg /zf/b7:7xmrew -n it. This process is

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22#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Ten joules of heat energy are transferred to a samplett7(c3b hanwzw1,0g w of ideal gas at constant volume. As a re7 agt3wthcz1 b0,ww n(sult, the internal energy of the gas

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23#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the first law of thermodynamif6hcn6g(c(ye69xd b yj g4r1acs.
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24#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Is it possible to transfer heat from a hot reservoir to acj0vu g na;ah)*f 5.cp cold reservoir?

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25#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  Is it possible to transfer heat from a cold reservoir to a ho mj pv(2*opg7tt reservoir?

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26#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
State the second law of thermodynamics according9bk 9le*7w k+ -lvdbmw to Clausius.
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27#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A gas is taken through the cycle illustrated hjl5nsd en512bere. During one cycle, how much work is done by an engine operatnbds2e51j 5 lning on this cycle?


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28#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The efficiency of a heaxeb:98j7p zk)c6q ma zt engine is defined as the ratio of

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29#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  If the theoretical effi( geuqs qb97c8ciency of a Carnot engine is to be 100%, the heat sink must bes q(g9uq87cbe

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30#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A Carnot cycle consists .gk 0 b r6gl)v3ys+lefof

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31#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
Give the Kelvin-Planck statement of the sec.h;bykq 7rd) yond law of thermodynamics.
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32#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The coefficient of performance (COP) of a refrigerator is defined as the rrf dba: 8de1(jwkjdl2e -n)2qatio of28-a:1kd bdrj ewlq d( j)e2nf

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33#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The coefficient of performance (COP) of a heat pump is defined as the ratim v1lix;l7muwb 1;w53bl v;dwo of

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34#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When water freezes, the entropy of the water.rhen .zaup3,/xnubda3 ,fc p7se2 2k; lk(nn

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35#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  According to the second law of thermodynamics, for any pgyl 8nyqa ,rg//0.5dgg8 x vhorocess that may occur within an isolated system, which one of thgr/a/g8x 05n .vo8g y d,qyglhe choices applies?

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本习题练习题目来源于51fly国际课程 (https://51fly.win)，学生可刷题练习，扫右侧二维码或加微信skysky1258，获取更多资料
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36#
 
问答题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
Give a general statement of the s.2- fn+iv mv),xwnmkgecond law of thermodynamics.
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37#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The second law of thermodynamics leads u xiy:m1c;b9l d )mz8tls to conclude that

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38#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During an isothermal process, 5.0 J of heat i+a() ddtb)ia hwp *9)cwj51ucj :k79 ybceelhs removed from an ideal gas. What is the change in internalitcbakjw1 cy))dh )d eu9 5(bha+p j9l*c ew:7 energy?

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39#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During an isothermal process, 5.0 J of hesiz9w5ccm qy,:/:) prmw b8tiat is removed from an ideal gas. What is the work done in the prir bz5pysi 8mcw)9q,:cm:/t wocess?

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40#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The work done on an ideal gas system in an isothermal process ix r t41o2nt .sv euw+5)xp3dt doc3px7s -400 J. What is.tx uw4xsvdeo 3n5tdcx 3p7 1p+tor2) the change in internal energy?

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41#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  200 J of work is done in compressing a gas adiabatically. What is the changbkj53a-+j n+qs+os fa e in internank j+5a +obf sqs+ja3-l energy of the gas?

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42#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  An ideal gas undergoes an adiabatic process while doing 25 J of work2z4r s1hm emt:. What is the change inezhsr 42m:t 1m internal energy?

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43#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isochoric process, the inty8e) bpqs3m( xo- *qt+pp0 gllernal energy of a system decreases by 50 J. Whaetb0sgq-l +l*( q8)p yxm 3ppot is the work done?

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44#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  In an isochoric process, the internal energy of a system decreases q ddk2 bno u q:5-vb:jd:r9lob2 9e4jwby 50 J. What is the heat exchawnd:b22- j9vb:b94 l: rjq5kquoeoddnge?

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45#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A certain amount of a monatomic gas is maintained at constant volume m5y0ob31tx:q63 tnvgdp xs t :as it is cooled by 50 K. This feat is accomplished by removing 400 J of energgnyx 3d6tmot0sqv:5 :3xb 1p ty from the gas. How much work is done by the gas?

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46#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A monatomic gas is cooled by 50 K at constant volume when fqhd6 )nd *3uqmh 5kywxhv u9m )tl4-8831 J of energy is removed from it. How many moles of gas are in thed4xdfhq w)k hn-m6)m8h *qulvt9y u 35 sample?

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47#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A system consists of 3.0 kg of wadipwqfi a6 1n4nst3b3o s 22;,lmvei2ter at $80 ^{\circ}C$. 30 J of work is done on the system by stirring with a paddle wheel, while 66 J of heat is removed. What is the change in internal energy of the system?

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48#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine receive2jo9jz:7 jrbe s 7000 J of heat and loses 3000 J in each cycle. What is the eff j :jze27jr9obiciency?

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49#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine has an efficiency of 35.0% and;3t v r:; bvl1 hlevy8+jv1zsk receives 150 J of heat per cycle. How much work does it perform in each cycle 1vvzvt3elv1jyb:klh ;;8r +s ?

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50#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine has an efficiencybj* kfu +3kdnd gzgsd92g/p+ , of 35.0% and receives 150 J of heat per cycle. db3n+g2g/*ugfjsp kd9d, +kzHow much heat does it exhaust in each cycle?

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51#
 
  303

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52#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine absorbs 64 kcal of heat each cycle 74 q ;dhmnuio.y.1mvvand exhausts 42 kcal. Calculate the efficiency of each q .1i47mvhdm.v o;uyn cycle.

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53#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine absorbs 64 kcal of heat each cycle and exhausts 42 kcal. Calc /3g 6j 5bq3rno1c,rgtem+q cgulate/1gc, r3jr qb35m+6 netqocgg the work done each cycle.

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54#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of the most efficient engines built so fu2w4( , ey3qjp tg2rk5zzxug- ar has the following characteristics: combustiou- (wqe z22g gz4ry3,5tpkuxjn chamber temperature = $1900 ^{\circ}C$, exhaust temperature = $430 ^{\circ}C$, $7.0 \times 10^{9} \; cal$ of fuel produces $1.4 \times 10^{10} \; J$ of work in one hour. What is the actual efficiency of this engine?

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55#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of the most efficient engine41 kzk/ zdd).d(iwpv os built so far has the following characteristics: combustion chamber temperature ikdv). zp/kod( d14zw= $1900 ^{\circ}C$, exhaust temperature = $430 ^{\circ}C$, $7.0 \times 10^{9} \; cal$ of fuel produces $1.4 \times 10^{10} \; J$ of work in one hour. What is the Carnot efficiency of this engine?

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56#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  One of the most efficient engines built so far has the followi +h0w:dkr;rhd +u2zpq) c 8pptng characteristics: combustion chamber )dkwr ; ++8p qz0:thpcu phrd2temperature = $1900 ^{\circ}C$, exhaust temperature = $430 ^{\circ}C$, $7.0 \times 10^{9} \; cal$ of fuel produces $1.4 \times 10^{10} \; J$ of work in one hour. What is the power output, in hp, of this engine?

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57#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A coal-fired plant generates 600 MW of electrisq ddk9:n5hq0c power. The plant uses $4.8 \times 10^{6} \; kg$ of coal each day. The heat of combustion of coal is $3.3 \times 10^7 \; J/kg$. The steam that drives the turbines is at a temperature of $300 ^{\circ}C$, and the exhaust water is at $37 ^{\circ}C$. What is the overall efficiency of the plant for generating electric power?

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58#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A coal-fired plant generates 600/ fh)d b1zt,vpk n.q)r a7zn*y MW of electric power. The plant uses $4.8 \times 10^{6} \; kg$ of coal each day. The heat of combustion of coal is $3.3 \times 10^7 \; J/kg$. The steam that drives the turbines is at a temperature of $300 ^{\circ}C$, and the exhaust water is at $37 ^{\circ}C$. What is the Carnot efficiency?

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59#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A coal-fired plant gen),amp+ va (e, 5xencz ,-ztmanerates 600 MW of electric power. The plant uses $4.8 \times 10^{6} \; kg$ of coal each day. The heat of combustion of coal is $3.3 \times 10^7 \; J/kg$. The steam that drives the turbines is at a temperature of $300 ^{\circ}C$, and the exhaust water is at $37 ^{\circ}C$. How much thermal energy is exhausted each day?

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60#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the Carnot efficiency of an engine wa8 ( dj-j+k5jeudcb2: ynwos 1hich operates between $450 ^{\circ}K$ and $310 ^{\circ}K$?

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61#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the maximum theoretical efficiency possible (s 5r :juel6sxfor an engine operating betweense:u 6xr(s5 lj $100 ^{\circ}C$ and $400 ^{\circ}C$?

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62#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  The efficiency of a Carnoj ta(msih5 8v/t engine is 35.0%. What is the temperature of the cold reservoir if the temperature of the hot rav8(s5ijmth/ eservoir is $500 ^{\circ}K$?

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63#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A heat engine operating ku6-pbmdy:l8 fp2 4eibetween $40 ^{\circ}C$ and $380 ^{\circ}C$ has an efficiency 60% of that of a Carnot engine operating between the same temperatures. If the engine absorbs heat at a rate of 60 kW, at what rate does it exhaust heat?

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64#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A refrigerator removes heat fro7 ez4q3+ lv)xzniyt :qm the freezing compartment at the rate of 20 kJ and ejects 24 +zyq:ilx7ztn )4e3 qv kJ into a room per cycle. How much work is required in each cycle?

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65#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A refrigerator removes heat from the freezing compartment ate6/k4ikepws; 9ia *du; pv9ip the rate of 20 kJ and ejects 24 kJ into a room per cycle. What i 9v9w iuk *spi4eppd/6ai; k;es the coefficient of performance?

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66#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  During each cycle of operation, a refrigerator absorbs 230 J of heat) vy4ler 0cw u0e+inq6 from the freezer and expels 356 J of heat tcl4 uq0yevnr0 6i+ e)wo the room. How much work input is required in each cycle?

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67#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  What is the change in4,g8t5j.q.k mrgpx l l entropy when 50 g of ice melt at $0 ^{\circ}C$?

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68#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  When 0.50 kg of ice freezes, the change ii.+; r+fq. isfinj7v mn entropy is

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69#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  1.0 kg of steam at $100 ^{\circ}C$ condenses to water at $100 ^{\circ}C$. What is the change in entropy in the process?

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70#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A container of ideal usbyyr5+;2* jm* vtc igas at STP undergoes an isothermal expansion and its entropy changy ;+syjrb2t vcum*i5*es by
3.7 J/e K. How much work does it do?

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71#
 
单选题 ( 1.0 分) 切至整卷模式 搜藏此题  
  A piece of metal at 0hc (tdiufn9 rg*k6kgr,/ )zw$80 ^{\circ}C$ is placed in 1.2 L of water at $72 ^{\circ}C$. The system is thermally isolated and reaches a final temperature of $75 ^{\circ}C$. Estimate the approximate change in entropy for this process.

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